Reduced Risk of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study

Yoo, Dae Myoung; Kang, Ho Suk; Kim, Ji Hee; Kim, Joo-Hee; Choi, Hyo Geun; Han, Kyeong Min; Kim, Nan Young; Bang, Woo Jin; Kwon, Mi Jung

doi:10.3390/healthcare13101145

Open AccessArticle

Reduced Risk of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study

by

Dae Myoung Yoo

^1,2,†

,

Ho Suk Kang

^3,†,

Ji Hee Kim

⁴

,

Joo-Hee Kim

⁵,

Hyo Geun Choi

⁶,

Kyeong Min Han

^1,2,

Nan Young Kim

⁷

,

Woo Jin Bang

^8,* and

Mi Jung Kwon

^2,9,*

¹

Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea

²

Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences for Convergence Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea

³

Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea

⁴

Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea

⁵

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea

⁶

Suseo Seoul E.N.T. Clinic, 10, Bamgogae-ro 1-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06349, Republic of Korea

⁷

Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea

⁸

Department of Urology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea

⁹

Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Healthcare 2025, 13(10), 1145; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101145

Submission received: 10 April 2025 / Revised: 9 May 2025 / Accepted: 13 May 2025 / Published: 14 May 2025

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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Parkinson’s disease (PD) and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) are both prevalent in the geriatric population. While dizziness is a common non-motor symptom in PD, the relationship between PD and incident BPPV remains unclear. Limited data suggest potential shared mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, but large-scale epidemiological evidence is lacking. This investigation focused on assessing the incidence of BPPV in patients with PD compared to matched controls using a nationwide cohort. Methods: Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service–Health Screening Cohort were used to perform a retrospective cohort analysis. We identified 8232 newly diagnosed PD patients and matched them 1:4 with 32,928 controls based on age, sex, income, and residential region. Stratified Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident BPPV. Subgroup and Kaplan–Meier analyses were also performed. Results: Over 220,151 person-years of follow-up revealed a lower incidence of BPPV in the PD group relative to the control group (4.98 vs. 5.95 per 1000 person-years); the corresponding adjusted HR was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.66–0.90; p = 0.001), indicating a 23% reduced risk. The inverse association remained consistent across most subgroups, including older adults and rural residents. Kaplan–Meier analysis further illustrated a significant decline in the cumulative incidence of BPPV in PD patients (p = 0.007). Conclusions: PD may contribute to a lower incidence of BPPV, which could be explained by reduced mobility, altered vestibular function, or diagnostic challenges. Clinicians should consider BPPV in PD patients presenting with dizziness.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; longitudinal follow-up study; national health screening cohort data

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yoo, D.M.; Kang, H.S.; Kim, J.H.; Kim, J.-H.; Choi, H.G.; Han, K.M.; Kim, N.Y.; Bang, W.J.; Kwon, M.J. Reduced Risk of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study. Healthcare 2025, 13, 1145. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101145

AMA Style

Yoo DM, Kang HS, Kim JH, Kim J-H, Choi HG, Han KM, Kim NY, Bang WJ, Kwon MJ. Reduced Risk of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study. Healthcare. 2025; 13(10):1145. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101145

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yoo, Dae Myoung, Ho Suk Kang, Ji Hee Kim, Joo-Hee Kim, Hyo Geun Choi, Kyeong Min Han, Nan Young Kim, Woo Jin Bang, and Mi Jung Kwon. 2025. "Reduced Risk of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study" Healthcare 13, no. 10: 1145. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101145

APA Style

Yoo, D. M., Kang, H. S., Kim, J. H., Kim, J.-H., Choi, H. G., Han, K. M., Kim, N. Y., Bang, W. J., & Kwon, M. J. (2025). Reduced Risk of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study. Healthcare, 13(10), 1145. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13101145

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Reduced Risk of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study

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