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Article

A Single-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial to Test the Efficacy of Nurse-Led Motivational Interviewing for Enhancing Self-Care in Adults with Heart Failure

by
Federica Dellafiore
1,
Greta Ghizzardi
2,
Ercole Vellone
2,3,
Arianna Magon
4,
Gianluca Conte
4,
Irene Baroni
4,
Giada De Angeli
4,
Ida Vangone
1,
Sara Russo
5,
Alessandro Stievano
6,7,
Cristina Arrigoni
1 and
Rosario Caruso
4,8,*
1
Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Section of Hygiene, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
2
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
3
Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
4
Health Professions Research and Development Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy
5
Nursing Degree Course, Section Istituti Clinici di Pavia e Vigevano S.p.a., University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
6
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
7
Centre of Excellence for Nursing Scholarship, OPI, 00136 Rome, Italy
8
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Healthcare 2023, 11(5), 773; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11050773
Submission received: 1 February 2023 / Revised: 21 February 2023 / Accepted: 5 March 2023 / Published: 6 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research, Education, Workforce, and Regulation to Transforming Nursing Practice and Leadership: The Future of Nursing)
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Abstract

Background: The role of nurse-led motivational interviewing (MI) in improving self-care among patients with heart failure (HF) is promising, even if it still requires further empirical evidence to determine its efficacy. For this reason, this study tested its efficacy in enhancing self-care maintenance (primary endpoint), self-care management, and self-care confidence after three months from enrollment in adults with HF compared to usual care, and assessed changes in self-care over follow-up times (3, 6, 9, and 12 months). Methods: A single-center, randomized, controlled, parallel-group, superiority study with two experimental arms and a control group was performed. Allocation was in a 1:1:1 ratio between intervention groups and control. Results: MI was effective in improving self-care maintenance after three months when it was performed only for patients (arm 1) and for the patients–caregivers dyad (arm 2) (respectively, Cohen’s d = 0.92, p-value < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.68, p-value < 0.001). These effects were stable over the one-year follow-up. No effects were observed concerning self-care management, while MI moderately influenced self-care confidence. Conclusions: This study supported the adoption of nurse-led MI in the clinical management of adults with HF.
Keywords: education; heart failure; motivational interviewing; randomized clinical trial; self-care education; heart failure; motivational interviewing; randomized clinical trial; self-care

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MDPI and ACS Style

Dellafiore, F.; Ghizzardi, G.; Vellone, E.; Magon, A.; Conte, G.; Baroni, I.; De Angeli, G.; Vangone, I.; Russo, S.; Stievano, A.; et al. A Single-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial to Test the Efficacy of Nurse-Led Motivational Interviewing for Enhancing Self-Care in Adults with Heart Failure. Healthcare 2023, 11, 773. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11050773

AMA Style

Dellafiore F, Ghizzardi G, Vellone E, Magon A, Conte G, Baroni I, De Angeli G, Vangone I, Russo S, Stievano A, et al. A Single-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial to Test the Efficacy of Nurse-Led Motivational Interviewing for Enhancing Self-Care in Adults with Heart Failure. Healthcare. 2023; 11(5):773. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11050773

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dellafiore, Federica, Greta Ghizzardi, Ercole Vellone, Arianna Magon, Gianluca Conte, Irene Baroni, Giada De Angeli, Ida Vangone, Sara Russo, Alessandro Stievano, and et al. 2023. "A Single-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial to Test the Efficacy of Nurse-Led Motivational Interviewing for Enhancing Self-Care in Adults with Heart Failure" Healthcare 11, no. 5: 773. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11050773

APA Style

Dellafiore, F., Ghizzardi, G., Vellone, E., Magon, A., Conte, G., Baroni, I., De Angeli, G., Vangone, I., Russo, S., Stievano, A., Arrigoni, C., & Caruso, R. (2023). A Single-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial to Test the Efficacy of Nurse-Led Motivational Interviewing for Enhancing Self-Care in Adults with Heart Failure. Healthcare, 11(5), 773. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11050773

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