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Volume 11
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10.3390/healthcare11010078
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Systematic Review

Suicide and Neurotrophin Factors: A Systematic Review of the Correlation between BDNF and GDNF and Self-Killing

by
Stefania De Simone
1,*,
Maria Antonella Bosco
1,
Raffaele La Russa
1,
Simona Vittorio
1,
Nicola Di Fazio
2,
Margherita Neri
3,
Luigi Cipolloni
1 and
Benedetta Baldari
2
1
Section of Forensic Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
2
Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
3
Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Forensic Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Healthcare 2023, 11(1), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11010078
Submission received: 17 November 2022 / Revised: 22 December 2022 / Accepted: 23 December 2022 / Published: 27 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Forensic Medicine)
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Abstract

According to WHO data, suicide is a public health priority. In particular, suicide is the fourth-leading cause of death in young people. Many risk factors of suicide are described, including individual-, relationship-, community-, and societal-linked ones. The leading factor is the diagnosis of mental illness. Nevertheless, not all people who attempt suicide are psychiatric patients; these characteristics help define high-risk populations. There are currently no useful biomarkers to indicate the risk of suicide. In recent years, neurotrophic factors have increasingly become of scientific interest. This review aims to summarize the current scientific knowledge on the correlation between BDNF and GDNF and suicide, to theorize whether neurotrophins could be a reliable marker for an early diagnosis of suicidal risk. The authors conducted a systematic review following PRISMA criteria. They found eight research papers in agreement with the inclusion criteria. According to the results of these studies, there may be a connection between BDNF brain levels and complete suicide, although there are discrepancies. A lack of interest in GDNF may suggest less involvement in the suicidal dynamic. Further studies may provide helpful information to researchers.
Keywords: BDNF; GDNF; suicide; autopsy; neurotrophin; self-killing; hippocampus; prefrontal cortex; amygdala BDNF; GDNF; suicide; autopsy; neurotrophin; self-killing; hippocampus; prefrontal cortex; amygdala

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MDPI and ACS Style

De Simone, S.; Bosco, M.A.; La Russa, R.; Vittorio, S.; Di Fazio, N.; Neri, M.; Cipolloni, L.; Baldari, B. Suicide and Neurotrophin Factors: A Systematic Review of the Correlation between BDNF and GDNF and Self-Killing. Healthcare 2023, 11, 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11010078

AMA Style

De Simone S, Bosco MA, La Russa R, Vittorio S, Di Fazio N, Neri M, Cipolloni L, Baldari B. Suicide and Neurotrophin Factors: A Systematic Review of the Correlation between BDNF and GDNF and Self-Killing. Healthcare. 2023; 11(1):78. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11010078

Chicago/Turabian Style

De Simone, Stefania, Maria Antonella Bosco, Raffaele La Russa, Simona Vittorio, Nicola Di Fazio, Margherita Neri, Luigi Cipolloni, and Benedetta Baldari. 2023. "Suicide and Neurotrophin Factors: A Systematic Review of the Correlation between BDNF and GDNF and Self-Killing" Healthcare 11, no. 1: 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11010078

APA Style

De Simone, S., Bosco, M. A., La Russa, R., Vittorio, S., Di Fazio, N., Neri, M., Cipolloni, L., & Baldari, B. (2023). Suicide and Neurotrophin Factors: A Systematic Review of the Correlation between BDNF and GDNF and Self-Killing. Healthcare, 11(1), 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11010078

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