Relationship between Patient Experience Scores and Health Insurance
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Analytic Approach
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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All | 18–64 Years of Age | Years of Age ≥ 65 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Private | Public | Un- Insured | Medicare | Medicare /Private | Medicare/ Other Public | Un- Insured | No Medicare/Other Public | ||
Patient healthcare rating (top box score) 2 | 49.67% | 46.37% | 42.57% | 38.36% | 60.18% | 62.36% | 53.69% | 87.58% | 63.95% |
Age 3 (mean) | 51.84 | 43.26 | 43.25 | 41.87 | 74.55 | 73.18 | 74.68 | 72.84 | 67.85 |
Female | 57.20% | 57.37% | 62.76% | 49.34% | 61.88% | 51.77% | 50.92% | 42.13% | 39.14% |
Race | |||||||||
Non-Hispanic African American/Black | 10.06% | 8.94% | 19.31% | 14.92% | 7.04% | 6.82% | 13.26% | 22.23% | 15.67% |
Non-Hispanic Asian | 5.26% | 6.15% | 4.88% | 1.68% | 4.72% | 2.76% | 5.34% | 13.22% | 18.01% |
Hispanic | 11.65% | 10.92% | 18.67% | 36.76% | 7.51% | 3.84% | 22.14% | 64.55% | 5.22% |
Non-Hispanic other race or multiple race | 2.78% | 2.71% | 4.89% | 2.52% | 1.82% | 1.82% | 3.28% | 2.22% | |
Non-Hispanic White | 70.26% | 71.27% | 52.25% | 44.12% | 78.91% | 84.76% | 55.97% | 58.88% | |
Marital status | |||||||||
Married | 55.36% | 60.37% | 30.23% | 46.39% | 52.80% | 66.25% | 33.84% | 69.93% | 48.06% |
Widowed | 7.68% | 1.52% | 3.84% | 1.56% | 26.70% | 18.16% | 27.08% | 30.07% | 9.54% |
Divorced | 12.20% | 9.74% | 17.86% | 13.25% | 15.18% | 11.30% | 24.93% | 24.45% | |
Separated | 1.80% | 1.35% | 4.83% | 3.72% | 1.01% | 0.45% | 4.52% | 4.18% | |
Never married | 22.95% | 27.02% | 43.23% | 35.09% | 4.31% | 3.84% | 9.63% | 13.77% | |
Education | |||||||||
Less than 12 years of education | 10.46% | 6.05% | 24.00% | 25.60% | 12.59% | 6.24% | 32.57% | 77.77% | 4.27% |
12 years of education | 24.66% | 20.34% | 36.92% | 30.55% | 31.31% | 24.56% | 28.13% | 22.23% | 29.09% |
At least some college | 64.89% | 73.61% | 39.08% | 43.84% | 56.10% | 69.20% | 39.30% | 66.64% | |
Income as % of the poverty level (mean) | 488.30 | 563.58 | 182.70 | 302.03 | 417.29 | 599.78 | 235.12 | 174.57 | 670.73 |
Health status (self-reported) | |||||||||
Poor | 3.10% | 1.33% | 9.78% | 2.47% | 2.98% | 2.98% | 10.03% | ||
Fair | 11.76% | 7.54% | 22.82% | 10.73% | 15.65% | 12.78% | 25.86% | 40.91% | 16.26% |
Good | 30.52% | 28.04% | 33.42% | 37.22% | 34.73% | 32.26% | 36.23% | 36.67% | 25.69% |
Very good | 35.39% | 39.30% | 22.85% | 34.77% | 32.82% | 36.83% | 19.60% | 22.42% | 21.31% |
Excellent | 19.24% | 23.78% | 11.13% | 14.81% | 13.82% | 15.14% | 8.28% | 36.75% | |
Visits to a clinic or doctor’s office for care | |||||||||
1 visit | 25.91% | 30.72% | 22.93% | 54.20% | 14.66% | 15.38% | 11.88% | 23.22% | 21.94% |
2 visits | 22.07% | 23.32% | 21.61% | 18.44% | 20.63% | 19.90% | 19.64% | 35.87% | 15.26% |
3 visits | 15.09% | 15.09% | 15.18% | 12.75% | 15.21% | 15.56% | 13.49% | 40.91% | 24.19% |
4 visits | 11.65% | 10.50% | 11.03% | 6.38% | 15.95% | 14.47% | 12.89% | 12.06% | |
5–9 visits | 16.17% | 13.65% | 16.31% | 5.95% | 22.00% | 21.87% | 24.41% | 17.91% | |
10 or more visits | 9.10% | 6.72% | 12.94% | 2.28% | 11.54% | 12.81% | 17.69% | 8.64% | |
Insurance 2,4 | |||||||||
Private (18–64 years of age) | 56.94% | 100.00% | |||||||
Public (18–64) | 12.12% | 100.00% | |||||||
Uninsured (18–64) | 2.73% | 100.00% | |||||||
Medicare (18–64) | 10.29% | 100.00% | |||||||
Medicare, private (≥65) | 13.90% | 100.00% | |||||||
Medicare and other public (≥65) | 3.69% | 100.00% | |||||||
Uninsured (≥65) | 0.03% | 100.00% | |||||||
No Medicare, other public (≥65) | 0.29% | 100.00% |
OR 2 | SE | p | 95% CI.L | 95% CI.U | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age 3 | 1.01 | 0.00 | <0.001 | 1.01 | 1.02 |
Female | 1.10 | 0.04 | 0.016 | 1.02 | 1.19 |
Race (base group: White) | |||||
Non-Hispanic African American/Black | 1.25 | 0.09 | 0.003 | 1.08 | 1.45 |
Non-Hispanic Asian | 0.85 | 0.09 | 0.128 | 0.68 | 1.05 |
Hispanic | 1.51 | 0.11 | <0.001 | 1.31 | 1.75 |
Non-Hispanic other race or multiple race | 0.83 | 0.11 | 0.166 | 0.65 | 1.08 |
Marital status (base group: married) | |||||
Widowed | 1.01 | 0.09 | 0.898 | 0.85 | 1.21 |
Divorced | 0.89 | 0.06 | 0.106 | 0.77 | 1.03 |
Separated | 0.93 | 0.13 | 0.636 | 0.70 | 1.24 |
Never married | 0.93 | 0.07 | 0.287 | 0.81 | 1.07 |
Education (base group: at least some college) | |||||
Less than 12 years of education | 1.05 | 0.08 | 0.560 | 0.90 | 1.22 |
12 years of education | 1.03 | 0.06 | 0.556 | 0.93 | 1.15 |
Income as % of the poverty level | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.867 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Health status (self-reported) (base group: poor) | |||||
Fair | 1.11 | 0.14 | 0.371 | 0.88 | 1.42 |
Good | 1.48 | 0.18 | 0.001 | 1.17 | 1.88 |
Very good | 2.34 | 0.29 | <0.001 | 1.84 | 2.98 |
Excellent | 3.98 | 0.51 | <0.001 | 3.10 | 5.12 |
Visits to a clinic or doctor’s office for care (base group: 1 visit) | |||||
2 visits | 0.74 | 0.05 | <0.001 | 0.64 | 0.85 |
3 visits | 0.70 | 0.05 | <0.001 | 0.60 | 0.81 |
4 visits | 0.80 | 0.06 | 0.007 | 0.69 | 0.94 |
5–9 visits | 0.82 | 0.06 | 0.009 | 0.70 | 0.95 |
10 or more visits | 0.95 | 0.08 | 0.514 | 0.80 | 1.12 |
Insurance (base group: private (18–64)) 3,4 | |||||
Public (18–64) | 1.07 | 0.08 | 0.348 | 0.93 | 1.25 |
Uninsured (18–64) | 0.69 | 0.10 | 0.015 | 0.51 | 0.93 |
Medicare (≥65) | 1.34 | 0.12 | 0.002 | 1.12 | 1.61 |
Medicare, private (≥65) | 1.48 | 0.12 | <0.001 | 1.25 | 1.74 |
Medicare and other public (≥65) | 1.14 | 0.14 | 0.309 | 0.89 | 1.45 |
Uninsured (≥65) | 6.72 | 6.87 | 0.064 | 0.89 | 50.54 |
No Medicare, other public (≥65) | 1.56 | 0.53 | 0.192 | 0.80 | 3.07 |
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Markowitz, W.; Kausar, K.; Coffield, E. Relationship between Patient Experience Scores and Health Insurance. Healthcare 2022, 10, 2128. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112128
Markowitz W, Kausar K, Coffield E. Relationship between Patient Experience Scores and Health Insurance. Healthcare. 2022; 10(11):2128. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112128
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarkowitz, Walter, Khadeja Kausar, and Edward Coffield. 2022. "Relationship between Patient Experience Scores and Health Insurance" Healthcare 10, no. 11: 2128. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112128
APA StyleMarkowitz, W., Kausar, K., & Coffield, E. (2022). Relationship between Patient Experience Scores and Health Insurance. Healthcare, 10(11), 2128. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10112128