Pharmacy 2015, 3(3), 101-128; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy3030101
A European Competence Framework for Industrial Pharmacy Practice in Biotechnology
Jeffrey Atkinson 1,*
, Pat Crowley 2, Kristien De Paepe 3, Brian Gennery 4, Andries Koster 5
, Luigi Martini 4, Vivien Moffat 6, Jane Nicholson 7, Gunther Pauwels 8, Giuseppe Ronsisvalle 9, Vitor Sousa 10, Chris van Schravendijk 11 and Keith Wilson 12
, Luigi Martini 4, Vivien Moffat 6, Jane Nicholson 7, Gunther Pauwels 8, Giuseppe Ronsisvalle 9, Vitor Sousa 10, Chris van Schravendijk 11 and Keith Wilson 121
Pharmacolor Consultants Nancy (pcn-consultants), 12 rue de Versigny, 54600 Villers, France
2
Callum Consultancy, 571 Berwyn Baptist Road, Devon, PA 19333, USA
3
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
4
Department of Pharmacy, Waterloo Campus, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street SE1, 9NH, London, UK
5
European Association of Faculties of Pharmacy (EAFP), Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, PO Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
6
European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA), Rue du Trône, 108, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
7
European Industrial Pharmacists' Group (EIPG), 4 avenue Ruysdael, Paris, France
8
Genzyme Flanders, Cipalstraat 8, 2440 Geel, Belgium
9
Pharmacy Department, Universitá di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
10
Areta International, via Roberto LePetit, 21040 Gerenzano, Italy
11
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
12
Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, B75 6D9 Birmingham, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Maree Donna Simpson
Received: 6 March 2015 / Revised: 24 June 2015 / Accepted: 22 July 2015 / Published: 29 July 2015
Abstract
The PHAR-IN (“Competences for industrial pharmacy practice in biotechnology”) looked at whether there is a difference in how industrial employees and academics rank competences for practice in the biotechnological industry. A small expert panel consisting of the authors of this paper produced a biotechnology competence framework by drawing up an initial list of competences then ranking them in importance using a three-stage Delphi process. The framework was next evaluated and validated by a large expert panel of academics (n = 37) and industrial employees (n = 154). Results show that priorities for industrial employees and academics were similar. The competences for biotechnology practice that received the highest scores were mainly in: “Research and Development”, ‘“Upstream” and “Downstream” Processing’, “Product development and formulation”, “Aseptic processing”, “Analytical methodology”, “Product stability”, and “Regulation”. The main area of disagreement was in the category “Ethics and drug safety” where academics ranked competences higher than did industrial employees. View Full-TextKeywords:
education; pharmacy; industry; Europe; biotechnology
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (CC BY 4.0).
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MDPI and ACS Style
Atkinson, J.; Crowley, P.; De Paepe, K.; Gennery, B.; Koster, A.; Martini, L.; Moffat, V.; Nicholson, J.; Pauwels, G.; Ronsisvalle, G.; Sousa, V.; van Schravendijk, C.; Wilson, K. A European Competence Framework for Industrial Pharmacy Practice in Biotechnology. Pharmacy 2015, 3, 101-128.
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