Effect of Salicylic Acid Pre-Treatment after Long-Term Desiccation in the Moss Syntrichia ruralis (Hedw.) Web. and Mohr
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Determination of Water Content (WC%) under SA Treatment during Rehydration Period
2.2. Effect of SA and Seasonal Variation on Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Parameters
2.3. Protein Determination
2.4. Effect of SA Treatment on Antioxidant Enzymatic Activity
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Collection of Plant Material
4.2. Experimental Set-Up
4.3. Measurements of Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Parameter
4.4. Enzyme Extraction and Spectrophotometric Antioxidant Enzymatic Assays
4.5. Protein Determination
4.6. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ANOVA | one-way analysis of variance |
APX | ascorbate peroxidase |
CAT | catalase |
Chl | chlorophyll |
Fv/Fm | maximum photochemical quantum yield of PS II |
NPQ | non-photochemical quenching |
PS II | photosystem II |
ΦPSII | Effective photochemical quantum yield of PSII |
POD | guaiacol peroxidase |
ROS | reactive oxygen species |
SA | salicylic acid |
WC | water content |
Ε | molar extinction coefficient |
References
- Drabkova, L.Z.; Dobrev, P.I.; Motyka, V. Phytohormone profiling across the bryophytes. PLoS ONE 2015, 10, e0125411. [Google Scholar]
- Christianson, M.L.; Duffy, S.H. Dose-dependent effect of salicylates in a moss Funaria hygrometrica. J. Plant Growth Regul. 2002, 21, 200–208. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sabovljević, M.; Vujičić, M.; Sabovljević, A. Plant growth regulators in bryophytes. Bot. Serb. 2014, 38, 99–107. [Google Scholar]
- War, A.R.; Paulraj, M.G.; War, M.Y.; Ignacimuthu, S. Role of salicylic acid in induction of plant defense system in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Plant Signal. Behav. 2011, 6, 1787–1792. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Poór, P. Effects of Salicylic Acid on the Metabolism of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Plants. Biomolecules 2020, 10, 341. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Singh, S.; Eapen, S.; D’Souza, S.F. Cadmium accumulation and its influence on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative system in an aquatic plant, Bacopa monnieri L. Chemosphere 2006, 62, 233–246. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Baek, S.H.; Kwon, I.S.; Park, T.I. Activities, and isozyme profile of antioxidant enzymes in intercellular compartment of overwintering barley leaves. J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2000, 33, 385–390. [Google Scholar]
- Ghorbanli, M.T.; Tehran, T.A.; Niyakan, M. Seasonal changes in antioxidant activity, flavonoid, anthocyanin, and phenolic compounds in Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale and Physcia dubia (Hoffm.) Lettau from Babol forest sites in north of Iran. Iran. J. Plant Physiol. 2012, 2, 461–469. [Google Scholar]
- Xie, C.F.; Lou, H.X. Secondary metabolites in bryophytes: An ecological Bryophytes: A Potential Source of Antioxidants. Chem. Biodivers. 2009, 6, 303–312. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Aslanbaba, B.; Yilmaz, S.; Yayintaş, Ö.T.; Özyurt, D.; Öztürk, B.D. Total phenol content and antioxidant activity of mosses from Yenice forest (Ida mountain). J. Sci. Perspect. 2017, 1, 1–12. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ruchika; Csintalan, Z.; Péli, E.R. Seasonality and small spatial-scale variation of chlorophyll a fluorescence in bryophyte Syntrichia ruralis [Hedw.] in semi-arid sandy grassland, Hungary. Plants 2020, 9, 92. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Tsai, Y.C.; Chen, K.C.; Cheng, T.S.; Lee, C.; Lin, S.H.; Tung, C.W. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis in diverse rice varieties reveals the positive correlation between the seedlings salt tolerance and photosynthetic efficiency. BMC Plant Biol. 2019, 19, 403. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Csintalan, Z.; Takács, Z.; Proctor, M.C.F.; Nagy, Z.; Tuba, Z. Early morning photosynthesis of the moss Tortula ruralis following Summer dew fall in a Hungarian temperate dry sandy grassland. Plant Ecol. 2000, 151, 51–54. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Maxwell, K.; Johnson, G.N. Chlorophyll fluorescence—A practical guide. J. Exp. Bot. 2000, 51, 659–668. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Baker, N.R.; Rosenquist, E. Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence can improve crop production strategies: An examination of future possibilities. J. Exp. Bot. 2004, 55, 1607–1621. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Beckett, R.P.; Csintalan, Z.; Tuba, Z. ABA treatment increases both the dessication tolerance of photosynthesis and nonphotochemical quenching in the moss Atrichum undulatum. Plant Ecol. 2000, 15, 65–71. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Marschall, M.; Beckett, R.P. Photosynthetic responses in the inducible mechanisms of dessication tolerance of liverwort and moss, Proceedings of the 8th Hungarian Congress on Plant Physiology and the 6th Hungarian Conference on Photosynthesis. Acta Biol. Szeged. 2005, 49, 155–156. [Google Scholar]
- Scheibe, R.; Beck, E. Drought, dessication, and oxidative stress. In Plant Dessication Tolerance; Springer: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, 2011; pp. 209–231. [Google Scholar]
- Cruz de Carvalho, R.; Silva, A.B.; Soares, R.; Almeida, A.M.; Coelho, A.V.; Marques da Silva, J.; Branquinho, C. Differential proteomics of dehydration and rehydration in bryophytes: Evidence towards a common dessication tolerance mechanism. Plant Cell Environ. 2014, 37, 1499–1515. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sattler, U.; Calsou, P.; Boiteux, S. Detection of oxidative base DNA damage by a new biochemical assay. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 2007, 376, 26–33. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Thakur, S.; Kapila, S. Seasonal changes in antioxidant enzymes polyphenol oxidase enzyme, flavonoids, and phenolic content in three leafy liverworts. Lindergia 2017, 40, 39–44. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Reddy, A.M.; Kumar, S.G.; Jyothsnakumari, G. Lead induced changes in antioxidant metabolism of horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.) and bengalgram (Cicer arietinum L.). Chemosphere 2005, 60, 97–104. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hirata, T.; Ashida, Y.; Mori, H. A 37-kDa peroxidase secreted from liverworts in response to chemical stress. Phytochemistry 2002, 55, 197–202. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Paciolla, C.; Tommasi, F. The ascorbate system in two bryophytes: Brachythecium velutinum and Marchantia polymorpha. Biol. Plant. 2003, 47, 387–393. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sharma, A.; Slatbia, S.; Gupta, D.; Handa, N.; Choudhary, S.P.; Langer, A. Antifungal and antioxidant profile of ethnomedicinally important liverworts (Pellia endivaefolia and Plagiochasma appendiculatum) used by indigenous tribes of district reasi: Northwest Himalayas. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. India Sect. B 2015, 85, 571–579. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dazy, M.; Masfaraud, J.F.; Férard, J.F. Induction of oxidative stress biomarkers associated with heavy metal stress in Fontinalis antipyretica [Hedw.]. Chemosphere 2009, 75, 297–302. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bradford, M.M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 1976, 72, 248–254. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Ruchika; Csintalan, Z.; Péli, E.R. Effect of Salicylic Acid Pre-Treatment after Long-Term Desiccation in the Moss Syntrichia ruralis (Hedw.) Web. and Mohr. Plants 2020, 9, 1097. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091097
Ruchika, Csintalan Z, Péli ER. Effect of Salicylic Acid Pre-Treatment after Long-Term Desiccation in the Moss Syntrichia ruralis (Hedw.) Web. and Mohr. Plants. 2020; 9(9):1097. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091097
Chicago/Turabian StyleRuchika, Zsolt Csintalan, and Evelin Ramóna Péli. 2020. "Effect of Salicylic Acid Pre-Treatment after Long-Term Desiccation in the Moss Syntrichia ruralis (Hedw.) Web. and Mohr" Plants 9, no. 9: 1097. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091097