Antimicrobial Effects against Oral Pathogens and Cytotoxicity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Extract
1
Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
2
Department of Dental Hygiene, Hallym Polytechnic University, Gangwon-do 24210, Korea
3
Department of Dental Hygiene, Division of Health Science, Baekseok University, Chungcheongnam-do 31065, Korea
4
Department of Dental Hygiene, Hanseo University, Chungcheongnam-do 31962, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2020, 9(7), 838; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9070838
Received: 25 May 2020
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Revised: 29 June 2020
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Accepted: 1 July 2020
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Published: 3 July 2020
We aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans and its biocompatibility for dental applications. The antimicrobial activity of the G. uralensis extracts at concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 200 µg/mL was assessed using agar disk diffusion tests, counting the total number of colony-forming units (CFUs), spectrophotometric growth inhibitory assays, and microbial morphology observations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Merin, Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). We measured the polyphenol and flavonoid contents of G. uralensis extracts using ultraviolet–visible spectrometry and the cytotoxicity of these extracts using an MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. We identified that G. uralensis extracts had significant antimicrobial effects against S. mutans and C. albicans. The optical density of the experimental groups significantly decreased compared with that of the control group. SEM images revealed that the G. uralensis extract affected the morphology and density of S. mutans and C. albicans. The extract concentration of flavonoids, but not polyphenols, increased with increasing concentrations of the G. uralensis extract. Furthermore, cell viabilities were more than 70% for G. uralensis extracts with concentrations of 50 and 100 μg/mL. Naturally derived G. uralensis is biocompatible and exhibits an excellent antimicrobial effect against oral pathogens such as S. mutans and C. albicans. Thus, G. uralensis extracts can be used for the development of oral products that treat and prevent oral diseases.
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Keywords:
antimicrobial activity; cytotoxicity; dental materials; Glycyrrhiza uralensis; Streptococcus mutans; Candida albicans
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MDPI and ACS Style
Yang, S.-Y.; Choi, Y.-R.; Lee, M.-J.; Kang, M.-K. Antimicrobial Effects against Oral Pathogens and Cytotoxicity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Extract. Plants 2020, 9, 838. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9070838
AMA Style
Yang S-Y, Choi Y-R, Lee M-J, Kang M-K. Antimicrobial Effects against Oral Pathogens and Cytotoxicity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Extract. Plants. 2020; 9(7):838. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9070838
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Song-Yi, Yu-Ri Choi, Myung-Jin Lee, and Min-Kyung Kang. 2020. "Antimicrobial Effects against Oral Pathogens and Cytotoxicity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Extract" Plants 9, no. 7: 838. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9070838
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