Effect of Ammonia and Indole-3-acetic Acid Producing Endophytic Klebsiella pneumoniae YNA12 as a Bio-Herbicide for Weed Inhibition: Special Reference with Evening Primroses
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Bacteria
2.2. Preliminary Biochemical Assessment of Endophytic Bacteria
2.2.1. IAA Detection
2.2.2. Citrate Utilization Test
2.2.3. Catalase Test
2.3. Biochemical Analysis
2.3.1. Quantification of IAA Production by GC/MS-SIM
2.3.2. Production of Ammonia
2.3.3. Catalase Activity
2.4. Screening of Plant Growth Inhibition by Endophytic Bacteria via Germination Test
2.4.1. Effect of YNA12 on the Abscisic Acid (ABA) Modulation of Evening Primroses
2.4.2. Analysis of Macronutrient Regulation in Plants by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of YNA11 and YNA12
3.2. Biochemical Characterization
3.3. Quantification of Metabolite Production by YNA12
3.4. Adverse Effects of Endophytic YNA12 on Seed Germination of Evening Primrose
3.5. Effect of YNA12 on the Catalase Activity of Evening Primroses
3.6. Effect of YNA12 on the Regulation of the Endogenous ABA of Evening Primroses
3.7. Effect of YNA12 on the Macronutrient Regulation of Evening Primroses
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatments | GR(%) | SL(cm) | SW(mg) | CDF(%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5D | 7D | 5D | 7D | 5D | 7D | 5D | 7D | |
Control | 38.3 ± 3.5a | 50.0 ± 8.66a | 1.54 ± 0.09a | 2.10 ± 0.27a | 2.58 ± 0.28a | 4.1 ± 0.8a | 52.2 | 73.3 |
IAA 100 ppm | 29.0 ± 4.0b | 36.6 ± 2.88b | 0.84 ± 0.05b | 1.20 ± 0.13b | 1.57 ± 0.30b | 2.1 ± 0.22b | 13.5 | 17.6 |
Ammonia 10 ppm | 16.0 ± 1.7c | 29.0 ± 1.73c | 0.58 ± 0.08c | 1.08 ± 0.18b | 1.00 ± 0.04c | 1.38 ± 0.13c | 11.5 | 15.6 |
YNA 12 Culture Filtrate | 11.0 ± 2.6d | 22.3 ± 2.65d | 0.30 ± 0.04d | 0.40 ± 0.029c | 0.84 ± 0.03d | 1.12 ± 0.15c | 5.2 | 13.6 |
A+I+YNA12 | 10.0 ± 1.0d | 16.7 ± 1.53e | 0.20 ± 0.04e | 0.34 ± 0.041c | 0.76 ± 0.05d | 1.06 ± 0.14c | 3.2 | 10.0 |
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Kang, S.-M.; Bilal, S.; Shahzad, R.; Kim, Y.-N.; Park, C.-W.; Lee, K.-E.; Lee, J.-R.; Lee, I.-J. Effect of Ammonia and Indole-3-acetic Acid Producing Endophytic Klebsiella pneumoniae YNA12 as a Bio-Herbicide for Weed Inhibition: Special Reference with Evening Primroses. Plants 2020, 9, 761. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9060761
Kang S-M, Bilal S, Shahzad R, Kim Y-N, Park C-W, Lee K-E, Lee J-R, Lee I-J. Effect of Ammonia and Indole-3-acetic Acid Producing Endophytic Klebsiella pneumoniae YNA12 as a Bio-Herbicide for Weed Inhibition: Special Reference with Evening Primroses. Plants. 2020; 9(6):761. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9060761
Chicago/Turabian StyleKang, Sang-Mo, Saqib Bilal, Raheem Shahzad, Yu-Na Kim, Chang-Wook Park, Ko-Eun Lee, Jeong-Ran Lee, and In-Jung Lee. 2020. "Effect of Ammonia and Indole-3-acetic Acid Producing Endophytic Klebsiella pneumoniae YNA12 as a Bio-Herbicide for Weed Inhibition: Special Reference with Evening Primroses" Plants 9, no. 6: 761. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9060761