Transcriptomic Insights into the Effects of Inoculation Density in Areca catechu Tissue Culture

Yan, Jinqi; Li, Yu; Liu, Zijia; Zheng, Yusheng; Zou, Jixin; Li, Dongdong

doi:10.3390/plants14193073

This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.

Open AccessArticle

Transcriptomic Insights into the Effects of Inoculation Density in Areca catechu Tissue Culture

by

Jinqi Yan

¹,

Yu Li

¹,

Zijia Liu

¹,

Yusheng Zheng

¹,

Jixin Zou

^2,* and

Dongdong Li

^1,*

¹

National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China

²

Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Wenchang 571336, China

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Plants 2025, 14(19), 3073; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14193073 (registering DOI)

Submission received: 1 September 2025 / Revised: 22 September 2025 / Accepted: 30 September 2025 / Published: 4 October 2025

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Palmaceae Research: Genomic Insights, Trait Analysis, and Breeding Innovations)

Download Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Tissue culture technology represents a promising strategy for addressing the supply constraints of Areca catechu seedlings. Significant differences in embryoid proliferation were observed between isolated (CK) and aggregated (GL) culture conditions during subculture. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, transcriptomic analysis was performed. Growth analysis indicated that GL embryoids exhibited the highest growth rate (50.2%) between days 12 and 15, with a peak proliferation efficiency of 50.52%. KEGG analysis identified plant hormone signaling as a key pathway. ELISA quantification demonstrated consistently higher JA levels in CK embryos, peaking at 294.06 ng/g on day 15, while IAA levels were significantly elevated in GL embryos (46.42 ng/g on day 15). The transcription factor AcGIF1 was identified as a central regulator, with further experiments confirming that JA negatively regulates and IAA positively regulates its expression. This study provides critical insights into the molecular mechanisms governing embryoid proliferation in response to inoculation density.

Keywords: Areca catechu; embryoid proliferation; plant hormone signaling; AcGIF1 transcription factor; RNA sequencing (RNA-seq)

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Yan, J.; Li, Y.; Liu, Z.; Zheng, Y.; Zou, J.; Li, D. Transcriptomic Insights into the Effects of Inoculation Density in Areca catechu Tissue Culture. Plants 2025, 14, 3073. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14193073

AMA Style

Yan J, Li Y, Liu Z, Zheng Y, Zou J, Li D. Transcriptomic Insights into the Effects of Inoculation Density in Areca catechu Tissue Culture. Plants. 2025; 14(19):3073. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14193073

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yan, Jinqi, Yu Li, Zijia Liu, Yusheng Zheng, Jixin Zou, and Dongdong Li. 2025. "Transcriptomic Insights into the Effects of Inoculation Density in Areca catechu Tissue Culture" Plants 14, no. 19: 3073. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14193073

APA Style

Yan, J., Li, Y., Liu, Z., Zheng, Y., Zou, J., & Li, D. (2025). Transcriptomic Insights into the Effects of Inoculation Density in Areca catechu Tissue Culture. Plants, 14(19), 3073. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14193073

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Menu

Transcriptomic Insights into the Effects of Inoculation Density in Areca catechu Tissue Culture

Abstract

Share and Cite

Article Metrics

Article Access Statistics

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI