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Volume 14
Issue 11
10.3390/plants14111645
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms of Physiological Fruit Abscission in Actinidia arguta Through Comparative Transcriptomics and Transient Genetic Transformation

by
Pengqiang Yuan
†,
Yanli Wang
†,
Yining Sun
,
Guoliang Liu
,
Hongyan Qin
,
Shutian Fan
,
Yiping Yan
,
Bowei Sun
and
Wenpeng Lu
*
Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Plants 2025, 14(11), 1645; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14111645
Submission received: 17 March 2025 / Revised: 27 May 2025 / Accepted: 27 May 2025 / Published: 28 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Plant Development and Morphogenesis)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Actinidia arguta (A. arguta) is valued for its nutritional richness, but physiological fruit abscission severely limits production efficiency in elite cultivars. To unravel the molecular basis of this process, we compared two cultivars: abscission-prone ‘KL’ and abscission-resistant ‘JL’. During fruit development, ‘KL’ exhibited an earlier decline in auxin (AUX) levels within the fruit abscission zone (FAZ), coupled with persistently higher ethylene (ETH) concentrations and polygalacturonase (PG) activity compared to ‘JL’. Comparative transcriptomics identified abscission-related genes enriched in plant hormone signaling (AUX, ETH, ABA, JA, BR), starch/sucrose metabolism, and photosynthesis pathways. AUX signaling diverged predominantly during early development, while ETH, BR, and JA pathways varied across multiple stages. Exogenous applications of plant growth regulators (ethephon, 2,4-D, methyl jasmonate, and 2,4-epibrassinolide) and transient overexpression of key genes (AaETR1, AaERF035, AaPME68, AaPP2C27, AaMYC1, and AaPMEI10) validated their roles in modulating hormone crosstalk and cell wall remodeling. Overexpression of AaERF035 and AaPME68 likely accelerated abscission by enhancing ETH biosynthesis and pectin degradation, while AaPMEI10 and AaMYC1 potentially delayed abscission via suppression of cell wall-modifying enzymes. This study elucidates the hormonal and transcriptional networks governing fruit abscission in A. arguta, providing insights for targeted breeding and cultivation strategies to mitigate yield loss.
Keywords: Actinidia arguta; comparative transcriptomics; fruit abscission; transient transformation Actinidia arguta; comparative transcriptomics; fruit abscission; transient transformation

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Yuan, P.; Wang, Y.; Sun, Y.; Liu, G.; Qin, H.; Fan, S.; Yan, Y.; Sun, B.; Lu, W. Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms of Physiological Fruit Abscission in Actinidia arguta Through Comparative Transcriptomics and Transient Genetic Transformation. Plants 2025, 14, 1645. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14111645

AMA Style

Yuan P, Wang Y, Sun Y, Liu G, Qin H, Fan S, Yan Y, Sun B, Lu W. Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms of Physiological Fruit Abscission in Actinidia arguta Through Comparative Transcriptomics and Transient Genetic Transformation. Plants. 2025; 14(11):1645. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14111645

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuan, Pengqiang, Yanli Wang, Yining Sun, Guoliang Liu, Hongyan Qin, Shutian Fan, Yiping Yan, Bowei Sun, and Wenpeng Lu. 2025. "Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms of Physiological Fruit Abscission in Actinidia arguta Through Comparative Transcriptomics and Transient Genetic Transformation" Plants 14, no. 11: 1645. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14111645

APA Style

Yuan, P., Wang, Y., Sun, Y., Liu, G., Qin, H., Fan, S., Yan, Y., Sun, B., & Lu, W. (2025). Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms of Physiological Fruit Abscission in Actinidia arguta Through Comparative Transcriptomics and Transient Genetic Transformation. Plants, 14(11), 1645. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14111645

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