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Article

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Genes and Pathways Associated with the Regulation of Flowering Time in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata)

by
Jiao Wang
1,2,†,
Bin Zhang
1,†,
Huiling Guo
1,
Li Chen
1,
Fengqing Han
1,
Chao Yan
2,
Limei Yang
1,
Mu Zhuang
1,
Honghao Lv
1,
Yong Wang
1,
Jialei Ji
1 and
Yangyong Zhang
1,*
1
State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
2
College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Plants 2023, 12(19), 3413; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12193413
Submission received: 6 July 2023 / Revised: 17 September 2023 / Accepted: 22 September 2023 / Published: 28 September 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crop Gene Editing and Molecular Breeding)
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Abstract

Flowering time is an important agronomic trait in cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata), but the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying flowering time regulation in cabbage remains unclear. In this study, transcriptome analysis was performed using two sets of cabbage materials: (1) the early-flowering inbred line C491 (P1) and late-flowering inbred line B602 (P2), (2) the early-flowering individuals F2-B and late-flowering individuals F2-NB from the F2 population. The analysis revealed 9508 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) common to both C491_VS_ B602 and F2-B_VS_F2-NB. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGGs) analysis showed that plant hormone signal transduction and the MAPK signaling pathway were mainly enriched in up-regulated genes, and ribosome and DNA replication were mainly enriched in down-regulated genes. We identified 321 homologues of Arabidopsis flowering time genes (Ft) in cabbage. Among them, 25 DEGs (11 up-regulated and 14 down-regulated genes) were detected in the two comparison groups, and 12 gene expression patterns closely corresponded with the different flowering times in the two sets of materials. Two genes encoding MADS-box proteins, Bo1g157450 (BoSEP2-1) and Bo5g152700 (BoSEP2-2), showed significantly reduced expression in the late-flowering parent B602 compared with the early-flowering parent C491 via qRT-PCR analysis, which was consistent with the RNA-seq data. Next, the expression levels of Bo1g157450 (BoSEP2-1) and Bo5g152700 (BoSEP2-2) were analyzed in two other groups of early-flowering and late-flowering inbred lines, which showed that their expression patterns were consistent with those in the parents. Sequence analysis revealed that three and one SNPs between B602 and C491 were identified in Bo1g157450 (BoSEP2-1) and Bo5g152700 (BoSEP2-2), respectively. Therefore, BoSEP2-1 and BoSEP2-2 were designated as candidates for flowering time regulation through a potential new regulatory pathway. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying flowering time regulation in cabbage.
Keywords: cabbage; flowering time; transcriptomic; expression analysis cabbage; flowering time; transcriptomic; expression analysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, J.; Zhang, B.; Guo, H.; Chen, L.; Han, F.; Yan, C.; Yang, L.; Zhuang, M.; Lv, H.; Wang, Y.; et al. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Genes and Pathways Associated with the Regulation of Flowering Time in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata). Plants 2023, 12, 3413. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12193413

AMA Style

Wang J, Zhang B, Guo H, Chen L, Han F, Yan C, Yang L, Zhuang M, Lv H, Wang Y, et al. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Genes and Pathways Associated with the Regulation of Flowering Time in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata). Plants. 2023; 12(19):3413. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12193413

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Jiao, Bin Zhang, Huiling Guo, Li Chen, Fengqing Han, Chao Yan, Limei Yang, Mu Zhuang, Honghao Lv, Yong Wang, and et al. 2023. "Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Genes and Pathways Associated with the Regulation of Flowering Time in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata)" Plants 12, no. 19: 3413. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12193413

APA Style

Wang, J., Zhang, B., Guo, H., Chen, L., Han, F., Yan, C., Yang, L., Zhuang, M., Lv, H., Wang, Y., Ji, J., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Genes and Pathways Associated with the Regulation of Flowering Time in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata). Plants, 12(19), 3413. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12193413

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