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Volume 11
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10.3390/plants11192587
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Review

Nanofertilizers: A Smart and Sustainable Attribute to Modern Agriculture

by
Amilia Nongbet
1,†,
Awdhesh Kumar Mishra
2,†,
Yugal Kishore Mohanta
3,
Saurov Mahanta
4,
Manjit Kumar Ray
3,
Maryam Khan
5,
Kwang-Hyun Baek
2,* and
Ishani Chakrabartty
3,*
1
Department of Botany, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya (USTM), 9th Mile, Techno City, Baridua, Ri-Bhoi 793101, Meghalaya, India
2
Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea
3
Department of Applied Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya (USTM), 9th Mile, Techno City, Baridua, Ri-Bhoi 793101, Meghalaya, India
4
National Institute of Electronics and Information Technology (NIELIT), Guwahati Centre, Guwahati 781008, Assam, India
5
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Plants 2022, 11(19), 2587; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192587
Submission received: 19 August 2022 / Revised: 22 September 2022 / Accepted: 26 September 2022 / Published: 30 September 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanomaterials on Plant Research: Recent Advances and Challenges)
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Abstract

The widespread use of fertilizers is a result of the increased global demand for food. The commonly used chemical fertilizers may increase plant growth and output, but they have deleterious effects on the soil, the environment, and even human health. Therefore, nanofertilizers are one of the most promising solutions or substitutes for conventional fertilizers. These engineered materials are composed of nanoparticles containing macro- and micronutrients that are delivered to the plant rhizosphere in a regulated manner. In nanofertilizers, the essential minerals and nutrients (such as N, P, K, Fe, and Mn) are bonded alone or in combination with nano-dimensional adsorbents. This review discusses the development of nanotechnology-based smart and efficient agriculture using nanofertilizers that have higher nutritional management, owing to their ability to increase the nutrient uptake efficiency. Additionally, the synthesis and mechanism of action of the nanofertilizers are discussed, along with the different types of fertilizers that are currently available. Furthermore, sustainable agriculture can be realised by the targeted delivery and controlled release of nutrients through the application of nanoscale active substances. This paper emphasises the successful development and safe application of nanotechnology in agriculture; however, certain basic concerns and existing gaps in research need to be addressed and resolved.
Keywords: agriculture; crop production; nanofertilizer; nano-toxicity; plant growth; sustainability; yield agriculture; crop production; nanofertilizer; nano-toxicity; plant growth; sustainability; yield

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MDPI and ACS Style

Nongbet, A.; Mishra, A.K.; Mohanta, Y.K.; Mahanta, S.; Ray, M.K.; Khan, M.; Baek, K.-H.; Chakrabartty, I. Nanofertilizers: A Smart and Sustainable Attribute to Modern Agriculture. Plants 2022, 11, 2587. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192587

AMA Style

Nongbet A, Mishra AK, Mohanta YK, Mahanta S, Ray MK, Khan M, Baek K-H, Chakrabartty I. Nanofertilizers: A Smart and Sustainable Attribute to Modern Agriculture. Plants. 2022; 11(19):2587. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192587

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nongbet, Amilia, Awdhesh Kumar Mishra, Yugal Kishore Mohanta, Saurov Mahanta, Manjit Kumar Ray, Maryam Khan, Kwang-Hyun Baek, and Ishani Chakrabartty. 2022. "Nanofertilizers: A Smart and Sustainable Attribute to Modern Agriculture" Plants 11, no. 19: 2587. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192587

APA Style

Nongbet, A., Mishra, A. K., Mohanta, Y. K., Mahanta, S., Ray, M. K., Khan, M., Baek, K.-H., & Chakrabartty, I. (2022). Nanofertilizers: A Smart and Sustainable Attribute to Modern Agriculture. Plants, 11(19), 2587. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192587

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