Edible Flower Species as a Promising Source of Specialized Metabolites
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Chromaticity Parameters and Total Dry Matter Content of Fresh Edible Flowers
2.2. Specialized Metabolites of Fresh Edible Flowers
2.3. Antioxidant Capacity of Fresh Edible Flowers
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material
4.2. Determination of Chromaticity Parameters and Total Dry Matter Content
4.3. Determination of Specialized Metabolites Content
4.4. Determination of Antioxidant Capacity
4.5. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | L* | a* | b* | C* | ho |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Common marigold | 70.90 a ± 4.71 | 26.48 a ± 6.27 | 73.14 a ± 8.17 | 80.12 a ± 3.70 | 72.89 b ± 5.79 |
African marigold | 38.40 c ± 8.40 | 25.54 a ± 9.80 | 37.79 c ± 8.87 | 53.90 b ± 12.81 | 67.17 b ± 9.00 |
Nasturtium | 53.80 b ± 8.59 | 28.40 a ± 9.32 | 49.39 b ± 2.42 | 51.11 bc ± 9.95 | 48.60 c ± 1.75 |
Zucchini | 69.49 a ± 4.78 | 10.84 b ± 2.24 | 38.16 c ± 4.29 | 39.69 c ± 4.74 | 79.34 b ± 8.82 |
Cornflower | 36.12 c ± 3.92 | 12.54 b ± 0.46 | −2.49 d ± 0.83 | 11.12 d ± 2.28 | 338.35 a ± 15.80 |
ANOVA | p ≤ 0.0001 | p ≤ 0.0001 | p ≤ 0.0001 | p ≤ 0.0001 | p ≤ 0.0001 |
LSD | 11.641 | 12.265 | 10.616 | 14.192 | 17.165 |
Sample | AsA (mg/100 g fw) | TPC (mg GAE/100 g fw) | TNFC (mg GAE/100 g fw) | TFC (mg CTH/100 g fw) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Common marigold | 25.46 c ± 0.94 | 379.38 c ± 0.25 | 213.89 c ± 1.68 | 165.49 d ± 1.87 |
African marigold | 36.69 c ± 1.96 | 898.19 a ± 6.93 | 507.11 a ± 1.56 | 391.09 a ± 5.40 |
Nasturtium | 77.56 b ± 0.17 | 336.96 d ± 0.44 | 138.27 d ± 0.61 | 198.70 c ± 1.05 |
Zucchini | 28.69 c ± 3.61 | 110.24 e ± 0.82 | 36.63 e ± 0.69 | 73.59 e ± 0.51 |
Cornflower | 129.70 a ± 11.77 | 647.09 b ± 0.41 | 382.20 b ± 1.18 | 264.90 b ± 1.22 |
ANOVA | p ≤ 0.0001 | p ≤ 0.0001 | p ≤ 0.0001 | p ≤ 0.0001 |
LSD | 14.466 | 8.1079 | 3.1674 | 6.8978 |
Sample | Chl_a (mg/g) | Chl_b (mg/g) | TCh (mg/g) | TCa (mg/g) | TAC (mg/kg) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Common marigold | 0.32 a ± 0.02 | 0.43 a ± 0.04 | 0.75 a ± 0.06 | 0.42 b ± 0.01 | nd |
African marigold | 0.12 b | 0.20 b ± 0.01 | 0.32 b ± 0.01 | 0.58 a ± 0.01 | nd |
Nasturtium | 0.03 c | 0.03 c | 0.06 c ± 0.01 | 0.28 c ± 0.01 | nd |
Zucchini | 0.03 c | 0.03 c ± 0.01 | 0.04 c ± 0.01 | 0.28 c ± 0.01 | nd |
Cornflower | nd | nd | nd | nd | 1012.09 a ± 3.55 |
ANOVA | p ≤ 0.0001 | p ≤ 0.0001 | p ≤ 0.0001 | p ≤ 0.0001 | p ≤ 0.0001 |
LSD | 0.0189 | 0.0438 | 0.0675 | 0.0094 | 4.1091 |
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Dujmović, M.; Radman, S.; Opačić, N.; Fabek Uher, S.; Mikuličin, V.; Voća, S.; Šic Žlabur, J. Edible Flower Species as a Promising Source of Specialized Metabolites. Plants 2022, 11, 2529. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192529
Dujmović M, Radman S, Opačić N, Fabek Uher S, Mikuličin V, Voća S, Šic Žlabur J. Edible Flower Species as a Promising Source of Specialized Metabolites. Plants. 2022; 11(19):2529. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192529
Chicago/Turabian StyleDujmović, Mia, Sanja Radman, Nevena Opačić, Sanja Fabek Uher, Vida Mikuličin, Sandra Voća, and Jana Šic Žlabur. 2022. "Edible Flower Species as a Promising Source of Specialized Metabolites" Plants 11, no. 19: 2529. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192529