Selenium Nanoparticles (Se-NPs) Alleviates Salinity Damages and Improves Phytochemical Characteristics of Pineapple Mint (Mentha suaveolens Ehrh.)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Growth Characteristics
2.2. Relative Water Content and Chlorophyll Index
2.3. Essential Oil Content and Compositions
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemicals and Reagents
4.2. Experimental Design and Plants Material
4.3. Growth Parameters
4.4. Relative Water Content (RWC)
4.5. Chlorophyll Index
4.6. Essential Oil Extraction
4.7. Essential Oil Analysis
4.8. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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FW | DW | PH | RWC | Chl Index | Essential Oil | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
g | g | cm | % | % | ||
Salinity (S) | ** | Ns | ** | ** | ns | Ns |
0 | 86.6 a | 18.86 | 31.66 a | 71.02 a | 37.75 | 0.36 |
30 | 74.92 b | 18.77 | 28.44 b | 65.98 ab | 36.74 | 0.32 |
60 | 73.1 b | 19.54 | 28 b | 64.3 bc | 37.78 | 0.31 |
90 | 72.36 b | 19.01 | 25.61 b | 58.2 c | 36.42 | 0.29 |
Se (NPs) | ns | Ns | ns | ns | ns | Ns |
0 | 77.43 | 18.64 | 28.58 | 63.18 | 36.88 | 0.30 |
10 | 78.26 | 19.35 | 28.25 | 65.76 | 37.34 | 0.34 |
20 | 74.54 | 19.15 | 28.45 | 65.05 | 37.29 | 0.32 |
S × NPs | ns | Ns | ns | ns | * | Ns |
0 × 0 | 83.33 | 17.43 | 32.66 | 67.22 | 36.49 bac | 0.35 |
0 × 10 | 95.46 | 20.76 | 31.83 | 67.20 | 36.89 bac | 0.36 |
0 × 20 | 81.10 | 18.40 | 30.50 | 78.64 | 39.87 a | 0.37 |
30 × 0 | 74.50 | 19.03 | 28.50 | 67.18 | 36.67 bac | 0.27 |
30 × 10 | 73.86 | 18.76 | 28.33 | 61.63 | 37.55 bac | 0.34 |
30 × 20 | 68.73 | 18.53 | 28.50 | 64.09 | 36 bc | 0.35 |
60 × 0 | 72.36 | 19.00 | 28.50 | 55.30 | 39.94 a | 0.29 |
60 × 10 | 68.23 | 18.50 | 25.16 | 62.34 | 36.25 bc | 0.34 |
60 × 20 | 78.70 | 21.13 | 30.33 | 56.96 | 37.16 bac | 0.32 |
90 × 0 | 79.63 | 19.10 | 24.66 | 65.57 | 34.42 c | 0.32 |
90 × 10 | 75.50 | 19.36 | 27.66 | 71.86 | 38.68 ba | 0.31 |
90 × 20 | 69.63 | 18.56 | 24.50 | 60.53 | 36.15 bc | 0.25 |
Fresh Weight | Dry Weight | Plant Height | RWC | Chl Index | Essential Oil Content | Piperitenone Oxide | β-Myrcene | Limonene | (Z)-Jasmone | (E)-β-Farnesene | Germacrene D | Viridiflorol | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fresh weight | 1.00 | ||||||||||||
Dry weight | 0.64 ** | 1.00 | |||||||||||
Plant height | 0.31 | 0.07 | 1.00 | ||||||||||
RWC | 0.31 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 1.00 | |||||||||
Chl index | 0.12 | 0.18 | 0.27 | 0.07 | 1.00 | ||||||||
Essential oil content | 0.21 | 0.01 | 0.20 | 0.29 | 0.02 | 1.00 | |||||||
Piperitenone oxide | 0.29 | 0.03 | −0.05 | 0.06 | −0.23 | 0.19 | 1.00 | ||||||
β-Myrcene | −0.36 * | 0.09 | −0.14 | −0.39 * | 0.17 | −0.42 * | −0.78 ** | 1.00 | |||||
Limonene | −0.23 | 0.01 | 0.04 | −0.21 | 0.29 | −0.366 * | −0.86 ** | 0.92 ** | 1.00 | ||||
(Z)-Jasmone | −0.17 | −0.07 | 0.07 | −0.07 | 0.15 | −0.11 | −0.68 ** | 0.73 ** | 0.78 ** | 1.00 | |||
(E)-β-Farnesene | −0.22 | 0.05 | 0.06 | −0.05 | 0.13 | −0.16 | −0.90 ** | 0.75 ** | 0.77 ** | 0.70 ** | 1.00 | ||
Germacrene D | −0.06 | −0.05 | 0.27 | 0.05 | 0.17 | 0.01 | −0.83 ** | 0.62 ** | 0.75 ** | 0.79 ** | 0.89 ** | 1.00 | |
Viridiflorol | −0.31 | −0.09 | −0.04 | 0.02 | 0.13 | −0.13 | −0.72 ** | 0.30 | 0.365 * | 0.13 | 0.55 ** | 0.38 * | 1.00 |
Constituents | RI * | Treatments | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 (mM) | 30 (mM) | 60 (mM) | 90 (mM) | ||||||||||
0 | 10 | 20 | 0 | 10 | 20 | 0 | 10 | 20 | 0 | 10 | 20 | ||
α-Pinene | 930 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.56 | 0.73 | 0.68 | 0.75 | 0.73 | 0.62 | 0.68 | 0.56 | 0.64 | 0.62 |
Sabinene | 969 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.44 | 0.39 | 0.42 | 0.44 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.36 | 0.39 | 0.4 |
β-Pinene | 972 | 0.67 | 0.69 | 0.75 | 0.97 | 0.86 | 0.93 | 0.97 | 0.82 | 0.89 | 0.80 | 0.89 | 0.89 |
β-Myrcene | 989 | 0.51 | 0.52 | 0.59 | 0.82 | 0.72 | 0.74 | 0.84 | 0.62 | 0.65 | 0.55 | 0.52 | 0.69 |
n-Decane | 998 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Limonene | 1025 | 2.75 | 2.45 | 3.09 | 4.01 | 3.44 | 3.32 | 4.09 | 2.6 | 2.61 | 2.44 | 2.54 | 2.98 |
(Z)-β-Ocimene | 1035 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.21 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.13 |
n-Undecane | 1098 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.11 | 0.05 |
1-Octen-3-yl acetate | 1111 | 1.89 | 1.77 | 2.45 | 3.0 | 2.75 | 2.75 | 3.01 | 2.59 | 2.57 | 2.69 | 3.25 | 2.66 |
Borneol | 1160 | 0.1 | 0.17 | 0.37 | 0.43 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.7 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.75 | 0.84 | 0.65 |
n-Dodecane | 1198 | 0.53 | 0.74 | 0.8 | 1.25 | 1.24 | 1.69 | 0.79 | 1.11 | 1.08 | 1.16 | 1.19 | 1.02 |
Piperitenone oxide | 1368 | 76.69 | 79.45 | 72.97 | 67.74 | 69.26 | 67.85 | 70.47 | 76.85 | 77.39 | 78.69 | 75.72 | 76.35 |
β-Bourbonene | 1380 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.27 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.24 | 0.34 | 0.19 | 0.12 | 0.39 |
β-Elemene | 1388 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.48 | 0.58 | 0.83 | 0.91 | 0.66 | 0.65 | 0.6 | 0.55 | 0.68 | 0.63 |
(Z)-Jasmone | 1394 | 0.92 | 0.9 | 1.37 | 1.34 | 1.15 | 1.26 | 1.32 | 0.99 | 0.95 | 0.89 | 0.6 | 0.01 |
trans-Caryophyllene | 1413 | 0.52 | 0.49 | 0.65 | 0.72 | 0.75 | 0.86 | 0.62 | 0.52 | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.39 | 0.52 |
(E)-β-Farnesene | 1455 | 0.99 | 0.9 | 1.22 | 1.37 | 1.41 | 1.53 | 1.17 | 1.02 | 1.0 | 0.91 | 0.88 | 1.07 |
Germacrene D | 1476 | 6.65 | 5.4 | 7.48 | 8.0 | 8.06 | 8.65 | 6.81 | 4.99 | 4.2 | 3.37 | 3.17 | 4.49 |
Viridiflorol | 1585 | 1.69 | 1.34 | 1.78 | 2.11 | 2.19 | 2.35 | 1.78 | 1.73 | 1.54 | 1.67 | 2.26 | 1.73 |
Treatments | Piperitenone Oxide | Limonene | Viridiflorol | Jasmone | β-Myrcene | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Salinity (mM) | Se-NPs-(mg L−1) | |||||
0 | 0 | 76.69 ba | 2.75 dc | 1.69 edc | 0.92 c | 0.51 e |
10 | 79.45 a | 2.45 d | 1.34 e | 0.9 c | 0.52 e | |
20 | 72.97 bc | 3.09 dc | 1.78 bdc | 1.37 a | 0.59 ecd | |
30 | 0 | 67.74 d | 4.01 ba | 2.11 bac | 1.34 a | 0.82 a |
10 | 69.26 dc | 3.44 bac | 2.19 ba | 1.15 ba | 0.72 ba | |
20 | 67.85 d | 3.32 bc | 2.35 a | 1.26 ba | 0.74 ba | |
60 | 0 | 70.47 dc | 4.09 a | 1.78 bdc | 1.32 a | 0.84 a |
10 | 76.85 ba | 2.6 d | 1.73 edc | 0.99 c | 0.62 becd | |
20 | 77.39 a | 2.61 d | 1.54 ed | 0.95 c | 0.65 bcd | |
90 | 0 | 78.69 a | 2.44 d | 1.67 ed | 0.89 c | 0.55 ed |
10 | 75.72 ba | 2.54 d | 2.26 a | 0.6 d | 0.52 e | |
20 | 76.35 ba | 2.98 dc | 1.73 edc | 1 bc | 0.69 bc |
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Kiumarzi, F.; Morshedloo, M.R.; Zahedi, S.M.; Mumivand, H.; Behtash, F.; Hano, C.; Chen, J.-T.; Lorenzo, J.M. Selenium Nanoparticles (Se-NPs) Alleviates Salinity Damages and Improves Phytochemical Characteristics of Pineapple Mint (Mentha suaveolens Ehrh.). Plants 2022, 11, 1384. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11101384
Kiumarzi F, Morshedloo MR, Zahedi SM, Mumivand H, Behtash F, Hano C, Chen J-T, Lorenzo JM. Selenium Nanoparticles (Se-NPs) Alleviates Salinity Damages and Improves Phytochemical Characteristics of Pineapple Mint (Mentha suaveolens Ehrh.). Plants. 2022; 11(10):1384. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11101384
Chicago/Turabian StyleKiumarzi, Fatemeh, Mohammad Reza Morshedloo, Seyed Morteza Zahedi, Hasan Mumivand, Farhad Behtash, Christophe Hano, Jen-Tsung Chen, and Jose M. Lorenzo. 2022. "Selenium Nanoparticles (Se-NPs) Alleviates Salinity Damages and Improves Phytochemical Characteristics of Pineapple Mint (Mentha suaveolens Ehrh.)" Plants 11, no. 10: 1384. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11101384