Effects of Nocturnal UV-B Irradiation on Growth, Flowering, and Phytochemical Concentration in Leaves of Greenhouse-Grown Red Perilla
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Experiment 1: Exposure to 6 h of Nocturnal UV-B Lighting
2.1.1. Growth, Phenotype, and Flowering
2.1.2. Phytochemical Concentration
2.2. Experiment 2: Exposure to 3 h of Nocturnal UV-B Lighting
2.2.1. Growth, Phenotype, and Flowering
2.2.2. Phytochemical Concentration
2.3. Experiment 3: Exposure to Intermittent Nocturnal Lighting for 6 h with UV-B Light
2.3.1. Growth, Phenotype, and Flowering
2.3.2. Phytochemical Concentration
2.4. Experiment 4: Effect of Visible Light of UV-B Lamps on Flowering
Flowering
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material and Growth Conditions
4.2. Experimental Growth Conditions
4.2.1. Experiment 1: Exposure to 6 h of Nocturnal UV-B Light
4.2.2. Experiment 2: Exposure to 3 h of Nocturnal UV-B Light
4.2.3. Experiment 3: Exposure to Intermittent Lighting for 6 h of Nocturnal UV-B Light
4.2.4. Experiment 4: Effect of Visible Light of UV-B Lamps on Flowering
4.3. Leaf Harvesting
4.4. Measurement of PA and RA Contents
4.5. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatment | Weeks | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
Control | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |
0.1 W | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33 |
Treatment | Weeks | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
Control | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |
0.05 W | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |
0.1 W | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 100 |
0.2 W | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 |
Treatment | Weeks | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
Control | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |
1 h-0.05 W | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1 h-0.1 W | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2 h-0.05 W | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2 h-0.1 W | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Treatment | Weeks | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
Control | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |
UV cut | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Wavelength (nm) | Intensity (W m−2) |
220–280 (UV-C) | 0.01 |
280–315 (UV-B) | 0.10 |
315–380 (UV-A) | 0.13 |
400–700 (PAR) | 0.04 |
Wavelength (nm) | PPFD (µmol m−2 s−1) |
400–500 (B) | 0.093 |
500–600 (G) | 0.073 |
600–700 (R) | 0.004 |
Total PPFD * | 0.169 |
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Yoshida, H.; Nishikawa, T.; Hikosaka, S.; Goto, E. Effects of Nocturnal UV-B Irradiation on Growth, Flowering, and Phytochemical Concentration in Leaves of Greenhouse-Grown Red Perilla. Plants 2021, 10, 1252. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061252
Yoshida H, Nishikawa T, Hikosaka S, Goto E. Effects of Nocturnal UV-B Irradiation on Growth, Flowering, and Phytochemical Concentration in Leaves of Greenhouse-Grown Red Perilla. Plants. 2021; 10(6):1252. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061252
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoshida, Hideo, Tatsuru Nishikawa, Shoko Hikosaka, and Eiji Goto. 2021. "Effects of Nocturnal UV-B Irradiation on Growth, Flowering, and Phytochemical Concentration in Leaves of Greenhouse-Grown Red Perilla" Plants 10, no. 6: 1252. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061252