Molecular Mechanisms of Anti-Melanogenic Gedunin Derived from Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica) Using B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells and Early-Stage Zebrafish
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Chemicals and Reagents
2.2. Cell Culture
2.3. Cell Viability Assay
2.4. Determination of Melanin Contents
2.5. Intracellular Tyrosinase Activity Assay
2.6. RNA Isolation and qRT-PCR
2.7. Immunoblot Analysis
2.8. Zebrafish Embryo Test
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Cytotoxic Effect of Piperlongumine in B16F10 Cells
3.2. Gedunin Inhibits Melanin Production and Intracellular Tyrosinase Activity in B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells
3.3. Gedunin Reduces α-MSH Induced Melanogenesis-Related Gene Expression
3.4. Gedunin Reduced TYR and TYR-1 Amount
3.5. Toxicity of Gedunin against Zebrafish in Early-Stage Development
3.6. Gedunin Reduced Melanin Contents in Zebrafish Embryos
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Jeon, H.-J.; Kim, K.; Kim, C.; Kim, M.-J.; Kim, T.-O.; Lee, S.-E. Molecular Mechanisms of Anti-Melanogenic Gedunin Derived from Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica) Using B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells and Early-Stage Zebrafish. Plants 2021, 10, 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020330
Jeon H-J, Kim K, Kim C, Kim M-J, Kim T-O, Lee S-E. Molecular Mechanisms of Anti-Melanogenic Gedunin Derived from Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica) Using B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells and Early-Stage Zebrafish. Plants. 2021; 10(2):330. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020330
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeon, Hwang-Ju, Kyeongnam Kim, Chaeeun Kim, Myoung-Jin Kim, Tae-Oh Kim, and Sung-Eun Lee. 2021. "Molecular Mechanisms of Anti-Melanogenic Gedunin Derived from Neem Tree (Azadirachta indica) Using B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells and Early-Stage Zebrafish" Plants 10, no. 2: 330. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020330