Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Induce Insulin and Glucagon Double Positive Human Islet Cells That Are Resistant to Apoptosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Immunohistochemistry
2.2. Human Islet Isolation and Culture
2.3. Electron Microscopy
2.4. Apoptosis
2.5. Gene Expression
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Ins+/Glu+ Cells Are Present in Pancreatic Islets of T1D Donors
3.2. Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Induce Ins+/Glu+ Cells
3.3. Ins+/Glu+ Cells Are Resistant to Apoptosis
3.4. Cytokines Affect β-Cell Identity
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Age (y) | Sex | BMI (kg/m2) | Duration of Diabetes (y) | Anti-GAD Positivity | Cause of Death | Use in the Study | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1D #1 | 39 | M | 25.1 | 23 | Yes | CVD | Pancreas histology |
T1D #2 | 24 | M | 25.7 | 2 | Yes | Trauma | Pancreas histology |
T1D #3 | 39 | F | 24.5 | 21 | NA | Trauma | Pancreas histology |
ND #1 | 38 | F | 22.5 | - | NA | CVD | Pancreas histology |
ND #2 | 22 | M | 19.6 | - | NA | Trauma | Pancreas histology |
ND #3 | 73 | M | 24.2 | - | NA | CVD | Pancreas histology |
ND #4 | 75 | M | 27.7 | - | NA | CVD | Isolated islets |
ND #5 | 38 | F | 22.5 | - | NA | CVD | Isolated islets |
ND #6 | 64 | F | 24.2 | - | NA | CVD | Isolated islets |
ND #7 | 70 | M | 20.4 | - | NA | CVD | Isolated islets |
ND #8 | 56 | F | 22.5 | - | NA | CVD | Isolated islets |
ND #9 | 85 | F | 20.8 | - | NA | Trauma | Isolated islets |
ND #10 | 60 | M | 22.9 | - | NA | CVD | Isolated islets |
ND #11 | 69 | F | 33.1 | - | NA | CVD | Isolated islets |
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Tesi, M.; Bugliani, M.; Ferri, G.; Suleiman, M.; De Luca, C.; Bosi, E.; Masini, M.; De Tata, V.; Gysemans, C.; Cardarelli, F.; et al. Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Induce Insulin and Glucagon Double Positive Human Islet Cells That Are Resistant to Apoptosis. Biomolecules 2021, 11, 320. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11020320
Tesi M, Bugliani M, Ferri G, Suleiman M, De Luca C, Bosi E, Masini M, De Tata V, Gysemans C, Cardarelli F, et al. Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Induce Insulin and Glucagon Double Positive Human Islet Cells That Are Resistant to Apoptosis. Biomolecules. 2021; 11(2):320. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11020320
Chicago/Turabian StyleTesi, Marta, Marco Bugliani, Gianmarco Ferri, Mara Suleiman, Carmela De Luca, Emanuele Bosi, Matilde Masini, Vincenzo De Tata, Conny Gysemans, Francesco Cardarelli, and et al. 2021. "Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Induce Insulin and Glucagon Double Positive Human Islet Cells That Are Resistant to Apoptosis" Biomolecules 11, no. 2: 320. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11020320