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Article

New Energy Levels and Transitions of 5s25p2 (6d+7s) Configurations in Xe IV

by
Jorge Reyna Almandos
1,*,
Mónica Raineri
1,
Cesar J. B. Pagan
2 and
Mario Gallardo
1
1
Centro de Investigaciones Opticas (CIOp), CC 3, 1897, Gonnet, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
2
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Atoms 2019, 7(4), 108; https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms7040108
Submission received: 17 October 2019 / Revised: 9 December 2019 / Accepted: 11 December 2019 / Published: 17 December 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 13th International Colloquium on Atomic Spectra and Oscillator Strengths for Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas)
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Abstract

:
Three-times ionized xenon Xe IV spectrum in the 1070–6400 Å region was analyzed using a pulsed discharge light source. A set of 163 transitions was classified for the first time, and 36 new energy levels belonging to the 5s25p26d and 5s25p27s even configurations were determined. The relativistic Hartree–Fock method, including core-polarization effects, were used. In these calculations, the electrostatic parameters were optimized by a least-square procedure in order to improve the adjustment to experimental energy levels. We also present a calculation based on a relativistic multiconfigurational Dirac–Fock approach.

1. Introduction

There is great interest in spectroscopy data of Xenon due to their applications in collision physics, astrophysics, and laser physics. Various atomic parameters, such as energy levels, oscillator strengths, transition probabilities, and radiative lifetimes, have many important astrophysical applications. Transition probabilities are needed for calculating the energy transport through the star in model atmospheres [1] and for direct analysis of stellar chemical compositions [2]. Xenon was observed in chemically peculiar stars [3] and planetary nebulae [4]. The spectrum analysis of planetary nebula NGC7027 by Péquignot and Baluteau [5] has stimulated the calculation of transition probabilities for some forbidden lines of astrophysical interest [6]. The Xe VI and Xe VII lines were observed in the ultraviolet spectrum of the hot DO-type white dwarf RE 0503-289 [7,8]. In particular, the Xe IV spectrum was detected in the spectrum of NGC 7027 together with a variety of ionic species, providing a unique opportunity to study the chemical composition of the nebula at a level normally unachievable in another emission line nebulae [9,10].
Saloman [11] published a revised compilation of energy levels and observed spectral lines of all ionization stages of Xe, referring to studies published to date [12,13,14,15,16]. Light sources include direct-current hollow cathode discharge, theta-pinch discharge, and pulsed capillary discharge. Most of the information is from two studies: Tauheed et al. [13] classified 114 Xe IV lines in VUV using a modified triggered spark initiated by a xenon gas blast as spectral source, and Gallardo et al. [14], who analyzed the 5s25p26p, 5s25p24f, 5s5p4, 5s25p25d, and 5s25p26s configurations, providing the wavelengths for 618 classified lines in their list, using a capillary discharge as light source.
More recently the study by Raineri et al. [15] reported the weighted oscillator strengths and cancellation factor (CF), calculated from fitted values of the energy parameters of all 769 dipole electric lines belonging to the Xe IV spectrum reported in the compilation [11], including 49 new classified lines. Hartree–Fock relativistic (HFR) calculations and parametric fits were used. In addition, the results presented in their study were compared to those from Bertuccelli et al. [16].
In order to proceed withthe study of the threetimes ionized xenon spectrum, a new spectral analysis of this ion is presented in this paper. New 36 energy levels for 5s25p2 (6d+7s) configurations and 163 new transitions in the 1070–6400 Å region are reported. The relativistic Hartree–Fock method based on the code of Cowan [17] was used. The energy matrix was calculated using energy parameters adjusted to fit the experimental energy levels. Core polarization effects were taken into account in our calculations [18]. We also present a multiconfigurational relativistic approach for the Dirac equation (MCDF), by using the general relativistic atomic structure package (GRASP) [19].

2. Experimental Methods

The spectral source used in this study is based on the pulsed discharge tube built at the Centro de Investigaciones Opticas to study highly ionized noble gases [20]. It consists of a Pyrex tube of about 100 cm with inner diameter of 0.5 cm. The electrodes, placed 80 cm apart, are made of tungsten covered with indium to avoid the impurities coming from the electrodes. The gas excitation was produced by discharging a bank of low-inductance capacitors ranging from 20 to 280 nF, charged with voltages up to 20 kV. The VUV region of the spectrum was recorded using a 3m normal incidence spectrograph equipped with 1200 lines/mm concave diffraction grating and with a plate factor of 2.77 Å/mm in the first diffraction order. Internal wavelength standards are from C, N, O, and known lines of xenon. The wavelength range above 2000 Å was recorded using a 3.4 m Ebert plane-grating spectrograph with 600 lines/mm and a plate factor of 5 Å/mm in the first diffraction order. Thorium lines from an electrodeless discharge were superimposed on the spectrograms and served as reference lines. A photoelectric semiautomatic Grant comparator was used to measure the spectrograms. The uncertainty of the wavelength values of lines was estimated to be correct to ±0.01Å above 2000 Å and ±0.02 Å in the VUV region.

3. Results and Discussion

In this study, we used the modified version of Cowan’s atomic calculation package [17], described in our paper [18], for the inclusion of the polarization potentials as a modification in the Hartree–Fock equations. In addition, we considered the corrections of the reduced matrix element used in our previous papers [21], which is the same modification used by Quinet et al. [22] to correct transition matrix elements when including CP and core penetration effects. These methods demand knowledge on the polarizability andcore cut-off radius. The value of αd for Xe IV core, that is, for Xe 8+ is given by Koch [23] in 0.81130 a03 and the rc value in 1.16 a0, defines the boundaries of the atomic core.
We adjusted the values of energy parameters to the experimental energy levels of the Xe IV through a least-squares calculation. With the adjusted values, we calculated the composition of the 5s25p2 (6d+7s) energy levels presented in Table 1, where we included lifetimes calculated using HFR and HFR+CP with adjusted energy parameters (here named HFRa and HFR+CPa, respectively) and using multiconfigurational Dirac Fock (MCDF). The MCDF approach was carried out with the extended average level assuming a uniform charge distribution in the nucleus, with a xenon atomic weight of 131.3. The values presented in this work for lifetimes in the MCDF calculation are in Babushkin gauge since this one, in the non-relativistic limits (length), has been found to be the most stable value in many situations, in the sense that it converges smoothly as more correlation is included [24].
In the analysis of spectroscopic data, we take into account isoelectronic trends, Ritz combinations, least-squares adjustment, and relative line intensities in order to identify 36 energy levels belonging to 5s25p2(6d+7s) configurations for the first time.
As for the isoelectronic sequence calculations used to produce the plots for observed minus calculated (“obs.-calc.”) trends along the six first elements of the Sb sequence, we used the configurations 5s25p3, 5s25p24f, 5s25p26p, 5s5p36s, 5s5p37s, 5s5p35d, 5s5p3 6d, 5p5 for odd parity and 5s5p4, 5s25p25d, 5s5p35f, 5s25p25g, 5s25p26s, 5s25p26d, 5s25p27s for even parity. The calculations included core polarization effects (HFR+CP), with the values of αd and rc taken from Table 2.
It must be noted that we implemented the modifications suggested by Kramida [25,26] to correct an error in Cowan’s package in order to perform the calculations presented here.
Data for isoelectronic analysis are from NIST [27] for Sb I, Te II, I III and from Sharman, Tauheed, and Rahimullah for Ba VI [28]. Our analysis is synthesized in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3. Surely the LS coupling scheme is not the most appropriate to describe the 6d and 7s configurations, which we concluded after glancing over configuration purities; intermediate couplings provide better descriptions for these levels. We observed a strong eigenvector mixing for all elements studied. However, most of the isoelectronic data available for comparisons are described in the LS scheme, and that was the reason why we chose it.
There is no absolute scale for experimental intensity and therefore we only test its proportionality with the theoretical intensity. We do not include corrections due to the variation of plate reflectivity as a function of wavelength—there is no precise model for this. Our criterion for statistical correlation is to obtain a positive value as close as possible to the unit. Therefore, having a good statistical correlation supports our analysis, but it is just one of the analysis criteria.
The formula I ∝ σ g A from Cowan’s book [17], page 403, tells us that line intensity is proportional to wavenumber σ and weighted transition probability. We analyzed the statistical correlation of the logarithm related to this quantity with the experimental line intensities, which is a visual estimate of the plate blackening (hence the logarithm), obtaining 0.20 for the array 6 p − 6 d , 0.32 for 6 p − 7 s , and 0.34 for 4 f − 6 d . These values were acquired by the HFR+CPa calculation, which is close to HFRa and much better thanab initioHFR and HFR+CP calculations. We also performed a MCDF calculation for gA values. Its agreement with the experimental line intensity shows a poor correlation when compared with HFRa and HFR+CPa for l o g ( σ g A ) , that is, 0.06 for the 6 p − 6 d line array, 0.14 for 6 p − 7 s , and 0.18 for 4 f − 6 d . It is important to note that our MCDF calculations were performed using a non-current version of the GRASP code where more configurations could not be included. By using a newer version of Grasp codes it would be possible to expand the number of configurations to get better results, which could be more competitive to HFRa and HFR + CPa methods
To understand thesignificance of these values, we compared our values of gA with the experimental values that are in the paper by Bertuccelli et al. [16]. Similarly to them, only 25% of our gA values (HFR+CPa) are within the experimental error. However, a statistical correlation of 0.94 indicates that our values are very linearly proportional to their experiment. When considering the same lines of [16], but substituting their experimental gA values by our estimates for line intensity, correlation with HFR+CPa l o g ( σ g A ) results in 0.33 for the 6 s − 6 p line array, 0.48 for 5 d − 6 p , and 0.50 for 5 d − 4 f . Therefore, we can conclude that the calculated σ gA values support our line classification with reasonable agreement.
It is important to note that in this spectral analysis all new levels but two are classified on the basis of two or more lines. The level 4F5/2 is a classification attempt based on the only possible line in our spectrograms at 1801.53 Å, a transition with 4f:4G5/2, the strongest spontaneous emission from this level. However, this value does not fit the isoelectronic “obs.-calc.” curve. We remove this problem by switching the positions of levels 6d:4P5/2 and 6d:4F5/2 for Xe IV in the isoelectronic analysis. An intense mixing for 6d:4P5/2, 4D5/2, and 4F5/2 makes the components for the eigenvectors exchange their intensity along with the four first elements, and our choice grouped the energy of the respective multiplets.
Due to similar reasons, we also switched 4D5/2 and 4P5/2 energy levels for Te III and I III in the respective isoelectronic sequences.
The other level that only has one observed transition is (1S)6d: 2D3/2 that we confirm by our isoelectronic analysis and considering the good agreement in the least squares fit calculation.
There is not much data available for isoelectronic analysis. The lack of information on Cesium and the composition mixing makes level designation a challenge. However, the isoelectronic sequences agree reasonably well with our designations.
Table 3 shows 163 Xe IV lines classified for the first time for transitions involving 5s25p2(6d+7s) energy levels. We also calculated the weighted transition probability rate gA, where g is the statistical weight 2J+1 of the upper level. We presented gA values obtained from the four methods studied: With and without optimized parameters obtained from least-squares calculations, and with and without core polarization effects for wavefunctions and reduced matrix elements calculations.In these methods, we used the same configuration sets as in [15], that is, 5s25p3, 525p2 (4f+6p), 5s 5p35d, 5p5 and 5s5p4, 5s25p2 (6s+7s+5d+6d) configurations for odd and even parities, respectively.
Table 4 shows the result of least squares adjustment for even parity levels, where 6d and 7s configurations are included. All single configuration parameters, the Rk integrals for 5s5p4-5s25p26s, 5s5p4-5s25p25d, 5s25p26s-5s25p2 5d interactions, and the R1(5p,5d;6d,5p)of the 5s25p2 5d-5s25p26d interaction were left free during the final calculation. The rest of the configuration interaction integrals remained fixed at 85% of their Hartree–Fock values. We found a standard deviation of 138 cm−1 for this adjustment.

4. Conclusions

In this study we extended the knowledge of the Xe IV spectrum to the 5s25p27s and 5s25p2 6d configuration, from a set of 163 new line classifications. To produce this new information, we used a set of different analysis tools, including calculations from three models (HFR, HFR+CP, and MCDF), least-squares adjustment, line intensity comparisons, and isoelectronic analysis, which makes us very confident in our results.

Author Contributions

All authors contributed equally to this work.

Funding

This research received no external funding.

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Argentina, and by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil, Finance Code 001. The authors thank Espaço da Escrita–Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa–UNICAMP-for the language services provided. Support of the Comision de Investigaciones Científicas de la Província de Buenos Aires (CIC), where M.R. is a researcher, is also gratefully acknowledged.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Atoms 07 00108 g001 550
Figure 1. Isoelectronic trend for the multiplet (3P) 4F energy levels of the 5s25p2 6d configuration.
Figure 1. Isoelectronic trend for the multiplet (3P) 4F energy levels of the 5s25p2 6d configuration.
Atoms 07 00108 g001
Atoms 07 00108 g002 550
Figure 2. Isoelectronic trend for the multiplet (3P) 4P energy levels of the 5s25p2 6d configuration.
Figure 2. Isoelectronic trend for the multiplet (3P) 4P energy levels of the 5s25p2 6d configuration.
Atoms 07 00108 g002
Atoms 07 00108 g003 550
Figure 3. Isoelectronic trend for the multiplet (3P) 4P energy levels of the 5s25p2 7s configuration.
Figure 3. Isoelectronic trend for the multiplet (3P) 4P energy levels of the 5s25p2 7s configuration.
Atoms 07 00108 g003
Table
Table 1. Energy levels, composition, and lifetimes of Xe IV.
Table 1. Energy levels, composition, and lifetimes of Xe IV.
DesignationEnergy (cm−1)CompositionLifetime(ns)
Exp.Fitted HFRaHFRMCDF
Babushkin
+CPa
5s25p2(3P)7s4P1/2239,145239,12668.8%4P + 22.5% 5s25p2(3P)7s 2P + 8.1% 5s25p2(1S)7s 2S0.3040.2970.364
4P3/2246,689246,76984.5%4P + 9.2% 5s25p2(3P)7s 2P + 3.3% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D0.3240.3220.414
2P1/2247,583247,55966.7%2P + 23.2% 5s25p2(3P)7s 4P + 3.8% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2P0.2470.2320.298
4P5/2251,851251,78474.6%4P + 22.9% 5s25p2(1D)7s 2D0.3550.3570.553
2P3/2252,943252,99262.5%2P + 25.1% 5s25p2(1D)7s 2D + 6.7% 5s25p2(3P)7s 4P0.1900.1900.287
5s25p2(1D)7s2D5/2266,331266,38260.5%2D + 17.1% 5s25p2(3P)7s 4P + 9.6% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2D0.2390.2570.287
2D3/2266,623266,57468.9%2D + 22.7% 5s25p2(3P)7s 2P + 3.6% 5s25p2(3P)7s 4P0.2210.2280.176
5s25p2(1S)7s2S1/2283,512283,51991.3%2S + 5.2% 5s25p2(3P)7s 4P + 2.9% 5s25p2(3P)7s 2P0.3180.3020.454
5s25p2(3P)6d4F3/2234,291234,30458%4F + 15% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D + 10% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2P0.5190.5630.507
4F5/2235,660235,71035.1%4F + 15.3% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4P + 28.5% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D0.3690.4270.337
2P3/2241,896241,99831.2%2P + 33.3% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4F + 22.7% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D0.3800.4160.230
4F7/2242,080242,08663.1%4F + 30.5% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D + 5.4% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2F0.7440.7960.679
4D1/2242,541242,39780.7%4D + 12.6% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2P + 5.5% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4P0.5270.5700.481
4P5/2242,534242,57128.3%4P + 54.8% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4F + 5.1% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D0.3380.3890.302
4D3/2244,577244,53530.2%4D + 35.1% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2P + 14.7% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4P0.2990.3300.314
2F5/2244,722244,60965.4%2F + 19.4% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4P + 9.9% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2F0.2770.3260.223
4D7/2246,494246,47036.2%4D + 26.4% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4F + 18.9% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2F0.7600.8040.793
4F9/2246,662246,62580.2%4F + 19.6% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2G0.8450.8910.818
4D5/2248,027248,12349.6%4D + 24.6% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4P + 16% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2D0.2810.3250.234
4P3/2248,565248,62357.2%4P + 19.7% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D + 12.7% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2P0.2590.3130.205
4P1/2249,115249,04375.8%4P + 11.7% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2S + 4.9% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2P0.1970.2350.159
2P1/2250,691250,59569.6%2P + 10.3% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D + 6.6% 5s25p2(3P)7s 2P0.2130.2440.165
2F7/2251,073251,08355.5%2F + 22.9% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2G + 17% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D0.2210.2670.176
2D5/2251,211251,20461.9%2D + 25% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2F + 7.9% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2D0.2030.2510.144
2D3/2251,890251,97759.7%2D + 14.1% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2D + 8.3% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2P0.2490.2950.148
5s25p2(1D)6d2F7/2260,362260,42858.7%2F + 20.5% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2G + 14.1% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D0.5460.6140.527
2G9/2261,548261,65680.3%2G + 19.6% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4F0.8390.9060.862
2D5/2262,379262,32144.1%2D + 30.4% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2F + 10% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D0.1960.2300.155
2D3/2262,438262,48069.4%2D + 7.5% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2P + 6.9% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D0.2060.2340.171
2P1/2262,937262,90485.4%2P + 4.6% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2P + 4.3% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D0.3230.3950.286
2G7/2262,860262,96948.4%2G + 22.2% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2F + 19.3% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2F0.2340.2930.175
2F5/2265,205265,17124.4%2F + 22.1% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2D + 20.3% 5s25p2(1D)6d 2D0.2160.2530.157
2P3/2265,501265,40064.9%2P + 9.7% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2P + 7.4% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2D0.2780.3340.346
2S1/2265,930265,90881.3%2S + 11.4% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4P + 4.6% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2P0.1980.2260.171
5s25p2(1S)6d2D5/2280,142279,77791.2%2D + 2.8% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2F + 2.3% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4D0.3610.4210.316
2D3/2279,799280,13289.4%2D + 4.3% 5s25p2(3P)6d 2D + 2.8% 5s25p2(3P)6d 4F0.2440.2930.211
Table
Table 2. Values for polarizability αd and cut-off radius rc, used in antimony isoelectronic sequence calculations (HFR+CP). Here, a 0 is the Bohr radius.
Table 2. Values for polarizability αd and cut-off radius rc, used in antimony isoelectronic sequence calculations (HFR+CP). Here, a 0 is the Bohr radius.
Ionαd (a03)rc (a0)
Sb I1.616201.33000
Te II1.251401.27000
I III0.996601.21000
Xe IV0.811301.16000
Cs V0.672101.11000
Ba VI0.565001.07000
Table
Table 3. Transitions and weighted transition rates for Xe IV.
Table 3. Transitions and weighted transition rates for Xe IV.
Intλ (Å)Energy (cm−1)DesignationWeighted Transition Rates—gA (s−1)
LowerUpperLowerUpperAdjusted
LevelLevelLevelLevelHFRaHFR+CPaHFR+CP
11078.51190,793283,5125s25p2(3P)6p 4D3/25s25p2(1S)7s 2S1/26.623 × 1063.771 × 1069.474 × 104
31115.44193,861283,5125s25p2(3P)6p 2S1/25s25p2(1S)7s 2S1/28.542 × 1048.067 × 1042.572 × 105
21139.89195,785283,5125s25p2(3P)4f 4D3/25s25p2(1S)7s 2S1/22.395 × 1042.750 × 1032.061 × 105
21151.31196,655283,5125s25p2(3P)4f 4D1/25s25p2(1S)7s 2S1/29.396 × 1036.026 × 1034.447 × 104
21212.39201,028283,5125s25p2(3P)6p 4S3/25s25p2(1S)7s 2S1/21.932 × 1045.698 × 1047.434 × 106
21240.09182,219262,8605s25p2(3P)4f 4G7/25s25p2(1D)6d 2G7/21.210 × 1069.729 × 1059.768 × 105
21259.87204,140283,5125s25p2(3P)6p 4P3/25s25p2(1S)7s 2S1/27.200 × 1066.818 × 1062.361 × 105
11291.10206,061283,5125s25p2(3P)6p 2P3/25s25p2(1S)7s 2S1/21.288 × 1071.543 × 1071.891 × 107
21326.93189,842265,2055s25p2(3P)4f 4D7/25s25p2(1D)6d 2F5/23.168 × 1072.181 × 1072.609 × 107
21340.56205,205279,7995s25p2(1D)4f 2F5/25s25p2(1S)6d2D3/27.092 × 1061.296 × 1061.155 × 107
11357.65188,721262,3795s25p2(3P)4f 2D5/25s25p2(1D)6d 2D5/24.998 × 1064.123 × 1063.280 × 106
21386.74188,252260,3625s25p2(3P)4f 4G9/25s25p2(1D)6d 2F7/21.755 × 1061.789 × 1061.046 × 106
11394.58189,842261,5485s25p2(3P)4f 4D7/25s25p2(1D)6d 2G9/23.174 × 1037.428 × 1037.100 × 103
11419.25191,978262,4385s25p2(3P)4f 4D5/25s25p2(1D)6d 2D3/25.438 × 1052.925 × 1052.289 × 105
11420.42191,978262,3795s25p2(3P)4f 4D5/25s25p2(1D)6d 2D5/24.326 × 1063.840 × 1067.217 × 106
11430.66196,725266,6235s25p2(3P)6p 2D3/25s25p2(1D)7s 2D3/21.565 × 1079.181 × 1063.609 × 107
11434.39195,785265,5015s25p2(3P)4f 4D3/25s25p2(1D)6d 2P3/25.789 × 1063.652 × 1062.398 × 105
11477.52198,943266,6235s25p2(3P)6p 4D5/25s25p2(1D)7s 2D3/21.049 × 1062.225 × 1053.155 × 106
11496.21186,109252,9435s25p2(3P)6p 4D1/25s25p2(3P)7s 2P3/22.673 × 1073.318 × 1071.700 × 107
21507.08196,506262,8605s25p2(3P)4f 4F5/25s25p2(1D)6d 2G7/21.549 × 1045.596 × 1059.001 × 106
11521.44200,899266,6235s25p2(3P)6p 4P1/25s25p2(1D)7s 2D3/22.177 × 1051.502 × 1041.926 × 105
91551.78182,219246,6625s25p2(3P)4f 4G7/25s25p2(3P)6d4F9/21.587 × 1071.008 × 1079.882 × 106
41552.22180,152244,5775s25p2(3P)4f 4G5/25s25p2(3P)6d4D3/28.606 × 1052.951 × 1052.936 × 107
71573.83187,533251,0735s25p2(3P)4f 2G7/25s25p2(3P)6d2F7/21.203 × 1077.570 × 1064.904 × 106
71615.28201,028262,9375s25p2(3P)6p 4S3/25s25p2(1D)6d 2P1/26.055 × 1074.595 × 1075.730 × 106
61618.41204,140265,9305s25p2(3P)6p 4P3/25s25p2(1D)6d 2S1/21.484 × 1072.801 × 1068.778 × 105
11626.69186,109247,5835s25p2(3P)6p 4D1/25s25p2(3P)7s 2P1/22.319 × 1072.526 × 1072.055 × 107
31645.20202,076262,8605s25p2(3P)4f 4F9/25s25p2(1D)6d 2G7/26.376 × 1074.843 × 1071.556 × 108
51650.75186,109246,6895s25p2(3P)6p 4D1/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P3/21.606 × 1061.586 × 1062.029 × 106
71658.00182,219242,5345s25p2(3P)4f 4G7/25s25p2(3P)6d4F5/23.389 × 1072.586 × 1073.940 × 108
21665.77191,858251,8905s25p2(3P)4f 4F3/25s25p2(3P)6d2D3/22.043 × 1072.421 × 1077.476 × 105
41666.86191,858251,8515s25p2(3P)4f 4F3/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P5/21.451 × 1067.145 × 1041.065 × 105
51670.08200,486260,3625s25p2(3P)6p 2D5/25s25p2(1D)6d 2F7/21.713 × 1071.995 × 1077.747 × 107
61670.33206,061265,9305s25p2(3P)6p 2P3/25s25p2(1D)6d 2S1/21.361 × 1081.050 × 1081.881 × 108
31670.60182,219242,0805s25p2(3P)4f 4G7/25s25p2(3P)6d4F7/21.019 × 1077.394 × 1061.384 × 107
31678.74207,057266,6235s25p2(3P)6p 4P5/25s25p2(1D)7s 2D3/21.362 × 1088.177 × 1076.031 × 106
51681.48202,076261,5485s25p2(3P)4f 4F9/25s25p2(1D)6d 2G9/25.905 × 1074.145 × 1072.013 × 107
71686.18188,721248,0275s25p2(3P)4f 2D5/25s25p2(3P)6d4D5/23.718 × 1062.399 × 1063.658 × 106
41691.19187,533246,6625s25p2(3P)4f 2G7/25s25p2(3P)6d4F9/21.109 × 1078.797 × 1062.209 × 107
41692.52193,861252,9435s25p2(3P)6p 2S1/25s25p2(3P)7s 2P3/26.667 × 1077.498 × 1072.117 × 107
61694.50224,498283,5125s25p2(1D)6p 2P3/25s25p2(1S)7s 2S1/23.004 × 1061.175 × 1073.405 × 105
71709.63206,713265,2055s25p2(1D)4f 2G7/25s25p2(1D)6d 2F5/21.281 × 1071.748 × 1062.737 × 107
61710.31186,109244,5775s25p2(3P)6p 4D1/25s25p2(3P)6d4D3/29.124 × 1071.199 × 1081.594 × 108
21712.04188,252246,6625s25p2(3P)4f 4G9/25s25p2(3P)6d4F9/23.385 × 1072.261 × 1072.546 × 107
41730.94188,721246,4945s25p2(3P)4f 2D5/25s25p2(3P)6d4D7/21.525 × 1068.100 × 1041.367 × 106
41730.94190,793248,5655s25p2(3P)6p 4D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4P3/22.244 × 1067.523 × 1062.589 × 106
61734.81205,217262,8605s25p2(1D)4f 2F7/25s25p2(1D)6d 2G7/23.324 × 1072.371 × 1076.740 × 107
51747.19190,793248,0275s25p2(3P)6p 4D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4D5/25.268 × 1067.486 × 1062.265 × 104
41749.08205,205262,3795s25p2(1D)4f 2F5/25s25p2(1D)6d 2D5/28.193 × 1074.709 × 1074.908 × 108
41749.39205,217262.,3795s25p2(1D)4f 2F7/25s25p2(1D)6d 2D5/21.931 × 1089.089 × 1071.992 × 108
41759.59193,861250,6915s25p2(3P)6p 2S1/25s25p2(3P)6d2P1/21.497 × 1081.798 × 1081.994 × 108
41765.15189,842246,4945s25p2(3P)4f 4D7/25s25p2(3P)6d4D7/21.249 × 1079.511 × 1062.037 × 107
61765.42206,216262,8605s25p2(1D)4f 2H9/25s25p2(1D)6d 2G7/21.762 × 1071.752 × 1075.048 × 105
31778.77196,725252,9435s25p2(3P)6p 2D3/25s25p2(3P)7s 2P3/29.427 × 1078.509 × 1074.613 × 108
41780.72209,344265,5015s25p2(3P)6p 2P1/25s25p2(1D)6d 2P3/21.806 × 1082.079 × 1084.567 × 108
41781.04206,713262,8605s25p2(1D)4f 2G7/25s25p2(1D)6d 2G7/21.404 × 1071.256 × 1075.619 × 106
41782.39195,785251,8905s25p2(3P)4f 4D3/25s25p2(3P)6d2D3/21.465 × 1081.280 × 1083.935 × 107
31784.18191,978248,0275s25p2(3P)4f 4D5/25s25p2(3P)6d4D5/21.175 × 1076.655 × 1061.529 × 107
41789.02190,793246,6895s25p2(3P)6p 4D3/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P3/21.186 × 1089.404 × 1071.597 × 108
41797.14224,498280,1425s25p2(1D)6p 2P3/25s25p2(1S)6d2D5/25.493 × 1071.126 × 1081.487 × 107
41800.99196,325251,8515s25p2(3P)4f 4F7/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P5/22.801 × 1067.025 × 1053.792 × 105
71801.53180,152235,6605s25p2(3P)4f 4G5/25s25p2(3P)6d4P5/22.977 × 1072.086 × 1078.452 × 106
61807.29206,216261,5485s25p2(1D)4f 2H9/25s25p2(1D)6d 2G9/23.229 × 1072.550 × 1072.172 × 107
61813.02205,205260,3625s25p2(1D)4f 2F5/25s25p2(1D)6d 2F7/22.235 × 1073.081 × 1072.006 × 107
31813.39205,217260,3625s25p2(1D)4f 2F7/25s25p2(1D)6d 2F7/21.362 × 1081.150 × 1081.140 × 108
41813.95196,725251,8515s25p2(3P)6p 2D3/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P5/21.231 × 1089.434 × 1073.600 × 104
11821.29195,785250,6915s25p2(3P)4f 4D3/25s25p2(3P)6d2P1/22.749 × 1072.287 × 1075.120 × 106
81822.13189,842244,7225s25p2(3P)4f 4D7/25s25p2(3P)6d2F5/24.321 × 1083.081 × 1083.510 × 108
31823.68206,713261,5485s25p2(1D)4f 2G7/25s25p2(1D)6d 2G9/21.275 × 1081.092 × 1083.008 × 108
51833.29187,533242,0805s25p2(3P)4f 2G7/25s25p2(3P)6d4F7/25.893 × 1074.396 × 1075.539 × 107
31853.01196,725250,6915s25p2(3P)6p 2D3/25s25p2(3P)6d2P1/22.641 × 1068.155 × 1056.555 × 107
51854.27190,793244,7225s25p2(3P)6p 4D3/25s25p2(3P)6d2F5/25.464 × 1051.286 × 1063.530 × 106
41858.13208,621262,4385s25p2(3P)4f 2F5/25s25p2(1D)6d 2D3/21.071 × 1089.091 × 1072.376 × 107
31863.98206,713260,3625s25p2(1D)4f 2G7/25s25p2(1D)6d 2F7/21.796 × 1041.370 × 1062.856 × 107
21874.10188,721242,0805s25p2(3P)4f 2D5/25s25p2(3P)6d4F7/27.040 × 1067.698 × 1061.683 × 107
51883.46209,344262,4385s25p2(3P)6p 2P1/25s25p2(1D)6d 2D3/24.162 × 1073.800 × 1077.917 × 107
61890.04198,943251,8515s25p2(3P)6p 4D5/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P5/24.565 × 1083.836 × 1082.559 × 106
31894.62195,785248,5655s25p2(3P)4f 4D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4P3/29.841 × 1066.703 × 1062.840 × 108
71897.88189,842242,5345s25p2(3P)4f 4D7/25s25p2(3P)6d4F5/24.812 × 1072.681 × 1071.772 × 106
51901.17191,978244,5775s25p2(3P)4f 4D5/25s25p2(3P)6d4D3/22.501 × 1081.785 × 1081.428 × 104
41905.07199,397251,8905s25p2(3P)4f 2D3/25s25p2(3P)6d2D3/25.527 × 1075.888 × 1072.821 × 107
71906.20196,655249,1155s25p2(3P)4f 4D1/25s25p2(3P)6d4P1/29.874 × 1077.103 × 1076.996 × 107
61913.18198,943251,2115s25p2(3P)6p 4D5/25s25p2(3P)6d2D5/22.215 × 1081.343 × 1088.697 × 106
81914.28189,842242,0805s25p2(3P)4f 4D7/25s25p2(3P)6d4F7/23.153 × 1072.053 × 1071.020 × 107
41918.27198,943251,0735s25p2(3P)6p 4D5/25s25p2(3P)6d2F7/23.502 × 1082.137 × 1081.380 × 107
51929.04196,725248,5655s25p2(3P)6p 2D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4P3/23.905 × 1082.829 × 1088.032 × 106
21930.57195,785247,5835s25p2(3P)4f 4D3/25s25p2(3P)7s 2P1/21.205 × 1081.336 × 1085.103 × 108
41960.89215,626266,6235s25p2(1D)6p 2F5/25s25p2(1D)7s 2D3/21.521 × 1091.359 × 1099.246 × 108
61961.19200,899251,8905s25p2(3P)6p 4P1/25s25p2(3P)6d2D3/21.312 × 1071.068 × 1073.950 × 107
41966.19196,725247,5835s25p2(3P)6p 2D3/25s25p2(3P)7s 2P1/25.960 × 1085.444 × 1084.223 × 108
21967.55201,028251,8515s25p2(3P)6p 4S3/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P5/27.882 × 1071.314 × 1081.316 × 109
71972.35232,811283,5125s25p2(1S)6p 2P1/25s25p2(1S)7s 2S1/28.420 × 1087.097 × 1087.885 × 108
21973.04191,858242,5415s25p2(3P)4f 4F3/25s25p2(3P)6d4D1/21.839 × 1081.453 × 1081.563 × 108
21976.77200,486251,0735s25p2(3P)6p 2D5/25s25p2(3P)6d2F7/21.277 × 1091.374 × 1092.637 × 108
51980.87216,141266,6235s25p2(1D)6p 2D3/25s25p2(1D)7s 2D3/22.008 × 1082.357 × 1088.700 × 107
52007.72200,899250,6915s25p2(3P)6p 4P1/25s25p2(3P)6d2P1/21.785 × 1081.802 × 1082.370 × 108
22010.79199,397249,1155s25p2(3P)4f 2D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4P1/21.249 × 1074.943 × 1064.035 × 107
82014.59198,943248,5655s25p2(3P)6p 4D5/25s25p2(3P)6d4P3/23.953 × 1071.658 × 1077.665 × 107
12016.33215,626265,2055s25p2(1D)6p 2F5/25s25p2(1D)6d 2F5/28.577 × 1084.038 × 1086.030 × 108
32022.77216,911266,3315s25p2(1D)6p 2D5/25s25p2(1D)7s 2D5/25.091 × 1083.580 × 1085.529 × 108
42025.24216,141265,5015s25p2(1D)6p 2D3/25s25p2(1D)6d 2P3/29.701 × 1074.608 × 1073.323 × 107
22033.21199,397248,5655s25p2(3P)4f 2D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4P3/22.115 × 1051.036 × 1062.923 × 107
12036.36217,240266,3315s25p2(1D)6p 2F7/25s25p2(1D)7s 2D5/22.256 × 1091.670 × 1091.307 × 109
12036.71198,943248,0275s25p2(3P)6p 4D5/25s25p2(3P)6d4D5/26.800 × 1085.262 × 1084.763 × 107
12048.41204,140252,9435s25p2(3P)6p 4P3/25s25p2(3P)7s 2P3/21.331 × 1062.474 × 1064.866 × 107
22071.42202,951251,2115s25p2(3P)6p 4D7/25s25p2(3P)6d2D5/23.115 × 1072.743 × 1071.306 × 108
52071.80196,325244,5775s25p2(3P)4f 4F7/25s25p2(3P)6d4D3/21.306 × 1081.306 × 1081.306 × 108
72073.30196,506244,7225s25p2(3P)4f 4F5/25s25p2(3P)6d2F5/22.372 × 1071.778 × 1077.477 × 107
72073.30200,899249,1155s25p2(3P)6p 4P1/25s25p2(3P)6d4P1/28.505 × 1077.698 × 1077.506 × 107
32074.74186,109234,2915s25p2(3P)6p 4D1/25s25p2(3P)6d4F3/24.587 × 1094.423 × 1094.385 × 109
32077.37202,951251,0735s25p2(3P)6p 4D7/25s25p2(3P)6d2F7/23.747 × 1083.835 × 1085.358 × 108
32078.87201,028249,1155s25p2(3P)6p 4S3/25s25p2(3P)6d4P1/28.110 × 1071.455 × 1082.137 × 109
92079.23200,486248,5655s25p2(3P)6p 2D5/25s25p2(3P)6d4P3/21.066 × 1091.029 × 1091.502 × 107
32081.10193,861241,8965s25p2(3P)6p 2S1/25s25p2(3P)6d2P3/22.500 × 1092.376 × 1099.586 × 108
22093.75198,943246,6895s25p2(3P)6p 4D5/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P3/21.854 × 1091.981 × 1092.738 × 108
22094.11205,205252,9435s25p2(1D)4f 2F5/25s25p2(3P)7s 2P3/23.332 × 1073.297 × 1073.947 × 108
62102.94201,028248,5655s25p2(3P)6p 4S3/25s25p2(3P)6d4P3/29.059 × 1071.802 × 1082.927 × 109
22136.22216,141262,9375s25p2(1D)6p 2D3/25s25p2(1D)6d 2P1/28.568 × 1088.495 × 1086.086 × 108
22147.31201,028247,5835s25p2(3P)6p 4S3/25s25p2(3P)7s 2P1/25.096 × 1085.571 × 1085.606 × 105
42149.87219,002265,5015s25p2(1D)4f 2D5/25s25p2(1D)6d 2P3/21.852 × 1081.390 × 1083.914 × 107
22183.24206,061251,8515s25p2(3P)6p 2P3/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P5/22.778 × 1077.787 × 1061.668 × 108
22183.24200,899246,6895s25p2(3P)6p 4P1/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P3/26.598 × 1086.667 × 1081.009 × 109
32207.67193,861239,1455s25p2(3P)6p 2S1/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P1/24.086 × 1066.405 × 1067.185 × 106
12214.68217,240262,3795s25p2(1D)6p 2F7/25s25p2(1D)6d 2D5/21.526 × 1089.614 × 1072.354 × 108
12239.94206,061250,6915s25p2(3P)6p 2P3/25s25p2(3P)6d2P1/22.758 × 1082.702 × 1083.217 × 108
12242.39235,561280,1425s25p2(1S)6p 2P3/25s25p2(1S)6d2D5/26.465 × 1096.274 × 106.193 × 109
52295.89202,951246,4945s25p2(3P)6p 4D7/25s25p2(3P)6d4D7/22.371 × 1092.357 × 1092.815 × 109
12298.23190,793234,2915s25p2(3P)6p 4D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4F3/24.862 × 1084.099 × 1085.482 × 108
12317.55199,397242,5345s25p2(3P)4f 2D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4F5/23.469 × 1084.846 × 1081.949 × 105
32407.63206,061247,5835s25p2(3P)6p 2P3/25s25p2(3P)7s 2P1/21.076 × 1089.367 × 1077.285 × 107
62408.41207,057248,5655s25p2(3P)6p 4P5/25s25p2(3P)6d4P3/22.324 × 1082.041 × 1081.291 × 109
22472.25204,140244,5775s25p2(3P)6p 4P3/25s25p2(3P)6d4D3/22.832 × 1075.368 × 1071.035 × 108
32498.99202,076242,0805s25p2(3P)4f 4F9/25s25p2(3P)6d4F7/26.998 × 1064.645 × 1069.367 × 105
32502.73208,621248,5655s25p2(3P)4f 2F5/25s25p2(3P)6d4P3/24.929 × 1077.502 × 1075.397 × 105
12595.56206,061244,5775s25p2(3P)6p 2P3/25s25p2(3P)6d4D3/24.640 × 1084.162 × 1084.734 × 107
12596.23195,785234,2915s25p2(3P)4f 4D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4F3/26.854 × 1064.678 × 1061.515 × 106
12603.52204,140242,5415s25p2(3P)6p 4P3/25s25p2(3P)6d4D1/21.003 × 1071.586 × 1074.086 × 107
22622.74201,028239,.1455s25p2(3P)6p 4S3/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P1/21.124 × 1076.599 × 1065.223 × 106
12789.76206,.061241,8965s25p2(3P)6p 2P3/25s25p2(3P)6d2P3/24.024 × 1073.675 × 1073.847 × 108
12855.73204,140239,1455s25p2(3P)6p 4P3/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P1/23.366 × 1061.750 × 1062.920 × 107
43021.77206,061239,1455s25p2(3P)6p 2P3/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P1/24.846 × 1065.063 × 1065.461 × 106
13031.95216,141249,1155s25p2(1D)6p 2D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4P1/23.455 × 1061.022 × 1067.316 × 104
13083.27216,141248,5655s25p2(1D)6p 2D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4P3/25.342 × 1061.452 × 1062.771 × 105
13117.20219,002251,0735s25p2(1D)4f 2D5/25s25p2(3P)6d2F7/27.948 × 1075.664 × 1074.145 × 106
43143.02220,082251,8905s25p2(1D)6p 2P1/25s25p2(3P)6d2D3/23.672 × 1074.216 × 1067.089 × 107
33214.51220,790251,8905s25p2(1D)4f 2P1/25s25p2(3P)6d2D3/29.984 × 1064.387 × 1072.031 × 106
33238.65215,626246,4945s25p2(1D)6p 2F5/25s25p2(3P)6d4D7/21.314 × 1052.120 × 1051.061 × 106
13241.45213,736244,5775s25p2(1D)4f 2D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4D3/24.030 × 1064.550 × 1061.601 × 105
13247.11217,240248,0275s25p2(1D)6p 2F7/25s25p2(3P)6d4D5/22.611 × 1061.551 × 1062.332 × 105
13248.98235,561266,3315s25p2(1S)6p 2P3/25s25p2(1D)7s 2D5/22.561 × 1065.870 × 1061.354 × 106
23515.63216,141244,5775s25p2(1D)6p 2D3/25s25p2(3P)6d4D3/21.258 × 1048.724 × 1011.223 × 105
23550.01213,736241,8965s25p2(1D)4f 2D3/25s25p2(3P)6d2P3/27.120 × 1055.240 × 1051.064 × 106
23594.60216,911244,7225s25p2(1D)6p 2D5/25s25p2(3P)6d2F5/28.503 × 1051.321 × 1064.517 × 106
13636.34219,002246,4945s25p2(1D)4f 2D5/25s25p2(3P)6d4D7/26.194 × 1063.751 × 1061.249 × 106
13637.66217,240244,7225s25p2(1D)6p 2F7/25s25p2(3P)6d2F5/24.573 × 1052.214 × 1051.336 × 106
33654.96224,498251,8515s25p2(1D)6p 2P3/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P5/23.333 × 1059.256 × 1043.850 × 104
23715.25215,626242,5345s25p2(1D)6p 2F5/25s25p2(3P)6d4F5/21.159 × 1051.184 × 1044.643 × 105
23901.70216,911242,5345s25p2(1D)6p 2D5/25s25p2(3P)6d4F5/22.684 × 1052.945 × 1053.263 × 104
44061.12224,498249,1155s25p2(1D)6p 2P3/25s25p2(3P)6d4P1/29.721 × 1054.089 × 1057.330 × 104
34248.40219,002242,5345s25p2(1D)4f 2D5/25s25p2(3P)6d4F5/22.127 × 1046.785 × 1042.765 × 102
24470.40219,717242,0805s25p2(3P)4f 2F7/25s25p2(3P)6d4F7/28.612 × 1059.968 × 1051.711 × 104
14366.60219,002241,8965s25p2(1D)4f 2D5/25s25p2(3P)6d2P3/24.677 × 1053.493 × 1052.294 × 105
14505.10224,498246,6895s25p2(1D)6p 2P3/25s25p2(3P)7s 4P3/26.198 × 1022.209 × 1044.401 × 104
24582.85220,082241,8965s25p2(1D)6p 2P1/25s25p2(3P)6d2P3/25.479 × 1055.230 × 1055.416 × 104
15240.06232,811251,8905s25p2(1S)6p 2P1/25s25p2(3P)6d2D3/21.262 × 1061.642 × 1062.573 × 105
46348.69228,975244,7225s25p2(1S)4f 2F7/25s25p2(3P)6d2F5/29.962 × 1039.580 × 1033.369 × 103
Table
Table 4. Least-squares parameters for even parity of Xe IV. Standard deviation is 138 cm−1.
Table 4. Least-squares parameters for even parity of Xe IV. Standard deviation is 138 cm−1.
ConfigurationParameterHFR (cm−1)HFRa./HFR a
HFRHFRa
5s5p4Eav(5s5p4)145,275132,757−12,519
F2(5p,5p)53,46446,50287%
α0−402
ζ5p82468600104%
G1(5s,5p)70,21648,43069%
5s25p26sEav (5s25p26s)187,245176,036−11,209
F2(5p,5p)54,78343,69280%
α0−55
ζ5p88598945101%
G1(5p,6s)5898437974%
5s25p27sEav (5s25p27s)267,957257,041−10,916
F2(5p,5p)55,28347,38486%
ζ5p8999855695%
G1(5p,7s)1801163391%
5s25p25dEav (5s25p25d)170,438158,790−11,648
F2(5p,5p)54,19142,08978%
α0−123
ζ5p85938754102%
ζ5d478695145%
F2(5p,5d)39,70532,72182%
G1(5p,5d)44,92132,12472%
G3(5p,5d)28,24720,11171%
5s25p26dEav (5s25p26d)264,034253,060−10,975
F2(5p,5p)55,26747,58586%
ζ5p8972844994%
ζ6d16115395%
F2(5p,6d)11,72310,00985%
G1(5p,6d)7747675387%
G3(5p,6d)54445575102%
5s5p4-5s25p26sR1(5p,5p;5s,6s)−1237−85169%
5s5p4-5s25p27sR1(5p,5p;5s,7s)−1351−114885%
5s5p4-5s25p25dR1(5p,5p;5s,5d)53,92637,09469%
5s5p4-5s25p26dR1(5p,5p;5s,6d)22,43519,06985%
5s25p26s-5s25p27sR1(5p,6s;7s,5p)3120265285%
5s25p26s-5s25p25dR2(5p,6s;5p,5d)−12,799−10,33681%
R1(5p,6s;5d,5p)−5075−409881%
5s25p26s-5s25p26dR2(5p,6s;5p,6d)4779406285%
R1(5p,6s;6d,5p)857385%
5s25p27s-5s25p25dR2(5p,7s;5p,5d)−6519−554185%
R1(5p,7s;5d,5p)−3294−280085%
5s25p27s-5s25p26dR2(5p,7s;5p,6d)−3058−259985%
R1(5p,7s;6d,5p)−391−33385%
5s25p25d-5s25p26dR2(5p,5d;5p,6d)12,16210,33885%
R1(5p,5d;6d,5p)17,41513,06175%
R3(5p,5d;6d,5p)11,432971785%
a Ratio HFRa to HFR for each case, except for average energies, where values are the difference of HFRa minus HFR for each case.

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MDPI and ACS Style

Reyna Almandos, J.; Raineri, M.; Pagan, C.J.B.; Gallardo, M. New Energy Levels and Transitions of 5s25p2 (6d+7s) Configurations in Xe IV. Atoms 2019, 7, 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms7040108

AMA Style

Reyna Almandos J, Raineri M, Pagan CJB, Gallardo M. New Energy Levels and Transitions of 5s25p2 (6d+7s) Configurations in Xe IV. Atoms. 2019; 7(4):108. https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms7040108

Chicago/Turabian Style

Reyna Almandos, Jorge, Mónica Raineri, Cesar J. B. Pagan, and Mario Gallardo. 2019. "New Energy Levels and Transitions of 5s25p2 (6d+7s) Configurations in Xe IV" Atoms 7, no. 4: 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms7040108

APA Style

Reyna Almandos, J., Raineri, M., Pagan, C. J. B., & Gallardo, M. (2019). New Energy Levels and Transitions of 5s25p2 (6d+7s) Configurations in Xe IV. Atoms, 7(4), 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms7040108

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