In Vitro Comparison of the Anti-Proliferative Effects of Galenia africana on Human Skin Cell Lines
1
Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
2
Skin Research Lab, Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Rd, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sci. Pharm. 2021, 89(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm89010012
Received: 30 December 2020 / Revised: 24 January 2021 / Accepted: 4 February 2021 / Published: 25 February 2021
Malignant melanoma is the major cause of skin cancer-related deaths. Surgery in combination with radiotherapy, immunotherapy or chemotherapy is used to eradicate cancer cells, however, this treatment option is limited by the tolerance of the surrounding healthy tissue. The extracts from Galenia africana have been shown to possess anti-cancer flavonoid compounds and can be a safer and cost-effective alternative treatment. The study aimed to compare the anti-proliferative effects of G. africana on human skin cells (HaCaT) and human malignant melanoma cells (A375). The cells were exposed to various concentrations of the G. africana extract at different times. In vitro assays were employed to determine cell viability and cytotoxicity. Hoechst 33342 staining was performed to observe the nuclear changes, including apoptosis. G. africana significantly reduced the cell viability of the A375 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner, while having no effect on the HaCaT cells. The A375 cells displayed nuclear condensation, brightly stained nuclei and nuclear fragmentation indicative of apoptosis. This suggests a clinical rationale for the use of G. africana as a potential anti-melanoma agent offering efficacy and low toxicity. This study provides new insights for future work on investigating the utilization of G. africana in malignant melanoma treatment.
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Keywords:
skin cancer; Galenia africana; A375; HaCaT; anti-proliferation; cytotoxicity
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MDPI and ACS Style
Ndlovu, B.; De Kock, M.; Klaasen, J.; Rahiman, F. In Vitro Comparison of the Anti-Proliferative Effects of Galenia africana on Human Skin Cell Lines. Sci. Pharm. 2021, 89, 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm89010012
AMA Style
Ndlovu B, De Kock M, Klaasen J, Rahiman F. In Vitro Comparison of the Anti-Proliferative Effects of Galenia africana on Human Skin Cell Lines. Scientia Pharmaceutica. 2021; 89(1):12. https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm89010012
Chicago/Turabian StyleNdlovu, Banele; De Kock, Maryna; Klaasen, Jeremy; Rahiman, Farzana. 2021. "In Vitro Comparison of the Anti-Proliferative Effects of Galenia africana on Human Skin Cell Lines" Sci. Pharm. 89, no. 1: 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm89010012
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