The Optimization of Gel Preparations Using the Active Compounds of Arabica Coffee Ground Nanoparticles

Nurman, Salfauqi; Yulia, Ruka; Irmayanti,; Noor, Erliza; Candra Sunarti, Titi

doi:10.3390/scipharm87040032

Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Edit a Special Issue

Article Menu

...

Open AccessArticle

The Optimization of Gel Preparations Using the Active Compounds of Arabica Coffee Ground Nanoparticles

^1,*

²,

¹,

³ and

Department of Agricultural Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Serambi Mekkah, Banda Aceh 23245, Indonesia

Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Serambi Mekkah, Banda Aceh 23245, Indonesia

Department of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural Institute, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Sci. Pharm. 2019, 87(4), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm87040032

Received: 27 August 2019 / Revised: 6 November 2019 / Accepted: 13 November 2019 / Published: 19 November 2019

View Full-Text Download PDF

Browse Figures

Review Reports Citation Export

Abstract

Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) ground nanoparticles contain phenolics compounds that have anti-inflammatory effects, so they can be used as sources of active compounds in anti-inflammatory gel preparations. This study aims to determine the optimum formulation of anti-inflammatory gel preparations using Arabica coffee ground nanoparticles as active compounds. Treatment optimization was performed using a Response Surface Methodology according to the Box-Behnken Design with a quadratic model in the Design Expert Version 10.0.3.0 software. In this study we used three factors (x): carbopol 940, triethanolamine (TEA), and nanoparticles, each of which consists of three levels, the response (y) observed including the acidity degree (pH), spreadability, viscosity and total phenolic content. ANOVA analysis results show that the quadratic model is very appropriate since it produces a high R2 value and a low PRESS value for all responses, as well as significant p-values (<0.0500) and an insignificant lack of Fit values (p-value> 5%). The optimum formulations for the gel preparations of the Arabica coffee ground nanoparticles obtained in this study are carbopol 940 (0.569%), TEA (0.468%), and nanoparticles (3.000%), which have values w/o an interval (0.994) and a desirable (0.981) response to acidity (5.212), spreadability (5.850 cm), viscosity (3734.244 cps) and total phenolic content (669.227 µgGAE/g). View Full-Text

Keywords: formulation; Box-Behnken; nanogel

▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Nurman, S.; Yulia, R.; Irmayanti; Noor, E.; Candra Sunarti, T. The Optimization of Gel Preparations Using the Active Compounds of Arabica Coffee Ground Nanoparticles. Sci. Pharm. 2019, 87, 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm87040032

AMA Style

Nurman S, Yulia R, Irmayanti, Noor E, Candra Sunarti T. The Optimization of Gel Preparations Using the Active Compounds of Arabica Coffee Ground Nanoparticles. Scientia Pharmaceutica. 2019; 87(4):32. https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm87040032

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nurman, Salfauqi, Ruka Yulia, Irmayanti, Erliza Noor, and Titi Candra Sunarti. 2019. "The Optimization of Gel Preparations Using the Active Compounds of Arabica Coffee Ground Nanoparticles" Scientia Pharmaceutica 87, no. 4: 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/scipharm87040032

Find Other Styles

Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Abstract views Pdf views Html views

Article Menu

The Optimization of Gel Preparations Using the Active Compounds of Arabica Coffee Ground Nanoparticles

Abstract

Share and Cite

Article Metrics

Article Access Statistics

Article Access Map by Country/Region

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI