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Volume 15
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10.3390/electronics15020373
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Article

Enhanced Frequency Dynamic Support for PMSG Wind Turbines via Hybrid Inertia Control

by
Jian Qian
1,3,
Yina Song
2,
Gengda Li
1,3,
Ziyao Zhang
2,
Yi Wang
2,* and
Haifeng Yang
1,3
1
Longyuan Damiao Wind Power Co., Ltd., Baotou 014500, China
2
College of Electrical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China
3
Inner Mongolia Longyuan New Energy Development Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010000, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Electronics 2026, 15(2), 373; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15020373
Submission received: 12 December 2025 / Revised: 3 January 2026 / Accepted: 11 January 2026 / Published: 14 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stability Analysis and Optimal Operation in Power Electronic Systems)
Versions Notes

Abstract

High penetration of wind farms into the power grid lowers system inertia and compromises stability. This paper proposes a grid-forming control strategy for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) wind turbines based on DC-link voltage matching and virtual inertia. First, a relationship between grid frequency and DC-link voltage is established, replacing the need for a phase-locked loop. Then, DC voltage dynamics are utilized to trigger a real-time switching of the power tracking curve, releasing the rotor’s kinetic energy for inertia response. This is further coordinated with a de-loading control that maintains active power reserves through over-speeding or pitch control. Finally, the MATLAB/Simulink simulation results and RT-LAB hardware-in-the-loop experiments demonstrate the capability of the proposed control strategy to provide rapid active power support during grid disturbances.
Keywords: inertia control; DC-link voltage matching; frequency modulation inertia control; DC-link voltage matching; frequency modulation

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Qian, J.; Song, Y.; Li, G.; Zhang, Z.; Wang, Y.; Yang, H. Enhanced Frequency Dynamic Support for PMSG Wind Turbines via Hybrid Inertia Control. Electronics 2026, 15, 373. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15020373

AMA Style

Qian J, Song Y, Li G, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Yang H. Enhanced Frequency Dynamic Support for PMSG Wind Turbines via Hybrid Inertia Control. Electronics. 2026; 15(2):373. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15020373

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qian, Jian, Yina Song, Gengda Li, Ziyao Zhang, Yi Wang, and Haifeng Yang. 2026. "Enhanced Frequency Dynamic Support for PMSG Wind Turbines via Hybrid Inertia Control" Electronics 15, no. 2: 373. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15020373

APA Style

Qian, J., Song, Y., Li, G., Zhang, Z., Wang, Y., & Yang, H. (2026). Enhanced Frequency Dynamic Support for PMSG Wind Turbines via Hybrid Inertia Control. Electronics, 15(2), 373. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15020373

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