Dual-Polarized Antenna with 2D Beam Steering Using Reconfigurable Double Square Loops

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

The paper presents an interesting approach for steering the beam in 2D using a varactor to control the transmission phase and magnitude. The paper is well written; however, I have a few suggestions to enhance its clarity.

1-In line 76, the authors mention different substrate thicknesses. However, as I continued reading, I found this confusing because they later state that an air gap is introduced between the two patches to improve impedance matching. This creates ambiguity, as multiple thicknesses and gaps are discussed but not clearly illustrated. I suggest adding a side view to Figure 1 and labeling each thickness (h1, h2..etc) or gap accordingly.  This will significantly improve the clarity of the design.
 
2- In Fig. 2a, it is unclear how the two patches are printed. Are they printed on the same/different substrate, and what is the substrate thickness? and what about the air gap? Additionally, the label (H1) is not displayed correctly. I would encourage to add sideview to this figure as well.
 
3-In lines 94–98, the values mentioned in the article correspond to SMV1430, not SMV1405. According to the SMV1405 datasheet, the series resistance (Rs) is 0.8 ohm and the tuning range is 0.63 to 2.67 pF. I recommend verifying and correcting these values.

4-in line 100, is there a specific reason for selecting 27 nH? How was this inductance value determined? 

5- In Fig. 3, it appears that the y-axes for magnitude and phase have been swapped. The amplitude should correspond to the plot that starts at -20 dB, rises to 0 dB within the operating frequency, and then drops back below -20 dB. Meanwhile, the phase should be represented by the plot that starts at 200 degrees and decreases to -60 degrees. I suggest verifying and correcting the labeling.

6- In line 130, why is the scanning range in the E and H planes not the same, given that the design is symmetric?

 

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.pdf

Reviewer 2 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

A reconfigurable dual polarized beam steering antenna is presented in this paper. The square loops are loaded to get the reconfiguration. The authors are advised to answer below questions and do recommended changes to improve quality of work.

(1) Add results of antenna (S11 and Gain) with or without loops.

(2) Add table to compare antenna results in different stages of diode ON/OFF.

(3) In Table 3, add the designing methodologies of different reported work.

(4) Add current distribution plot of proposed work.

(5) In introduction, highlight  previous used methodologies for beam steering. As in literature many antenna are proposed which provide beam steering by using single layer. What is need and importance of proposed two layer approach. See below work and use in reference.

(1) M. I. Nabeel, M. U. Afzal, K. Singh, D. N. Thalakotuna and K. P. Esselle, "Waveguide-Based All-Metal Near-Field Metasurfaces for Linearly and Circularly Polarized Beam Steering Antennas," in IEEE Access, vol. 13, pp. 10857-10869, 2025.

(2) Zahra, H.; Hussain, M.; Naqvi, S.I.; Abbas, S.M.; Mukhopadhyay, S. A Simple Monopole Antenna with a Switchable Beam for 5G Millimeter-Wave Communication Systems. Electronics 2021, 10, 2870.

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.pdf

Reviewer 3 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

1. Further examination of any inconsistencies between simulated and measured results is necessary.
2. The paper notes low cross-polarization; however, it should elaborate on its impact on system performance.
3. Is the proposed design capable of effectively scaling for larger arrays? This matter can be succinctly addressed.
4. The document indicates that the antenna is appropriate for indoor communication; however, it fails to detail the potential frequency bands beyond the range of 3.4-3.6 GHz.
5. The approach employed for calculating coverage efficiency must be explicitly cited or thoroughly described.

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.pdf

Round 2

Reviewer 2 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

I would like to accept the paper.