A New Dimensional Target Scattering Characteristic Characterization Method Based on the Electromagnetic Vortex-Polarization Joint Scattering Matrix

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

This paper defines the electromagnetic vortex-polarimetric joint scattering matrix (EVPJSM) by extending the EVSM. The EVSM and EVPJSM extend the unique observation of the OAM dimension of vortex electromagnetic waves and achieve a multidimensional and refined description of the scattering characteristics of targets under such waves. The topic is important, the conclusions are interesting, the classification followed is appropriate, and the content is basically within the scope of this journal. However, several aspects need significant improvement before recommending the paper for publication:

1. The detailed data analysis and literature review show that the authors have made efforts. However, the introduction is still unclear. What specific problems are solved? What is the main use of the innovation of this paper compared with existing research results? What are the unresolved research problems? These articles can serve as good examples:

10.1016/j.coco.2025.102390.

2. Are there any experimental or theoretical results that can be used to compare with the current results? The manuscript needs to be slightly corrected, and the authors should remove all grammatical and typos.
3. The authors should clarify their core advantages over existing methods and clearly state which specific limitations of traditional methods are solved. For example, whether it is possible to characterize the OAM and SAM dimensions at the same time, and how to solve the problem of poor adaptability to three-dimensional targets.
4. When defining EVPJSM, Section 4.1 of the manuscript mentions "joining formula (5) in the order of the SAM polarization combination axis to obtain a three-dimensional matrix." However, formula (5) is a two-dimensional matrix for a specific polarization combination XY. How to "join"? Is it to stack these four (HH, HV, VH, VV) two-dimensional matrices along a new dimension? This key "joining" operation lacks a clear and precise mathematical description or graphic illustration.
5. When presenting the results in Sections 5.3 (sphere) and 5.4 (plate), the results for the HH and HV polarization combinations are clearly mentioned, but what are the scattering coefficients for the selected OAM modes of VH and VV? In addition, the authors should analyze and explain why the same-mode and same-polarization response is the strongest, combining the phase singularity of the OAM vortex electromagnetic wave, the spiral phase wavefront, and the target shape and material.

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.pdf

Reviewer 2 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

The authors present a comprehensive method for describing the scattering of electromagnetic wave beams that carry both polarization and orbital angular momentum (OAM). They also demonstrate the applicability of this method through simulations in two example scenarios. Overall, I find the concept valuable and the manuscript well-prepared. I recommend its publication in Electronics, pending minor revisions. Below are my specific comments:

The calculation of the electromagnetic vortex scattering matrix is a central component of the paper. I suggest the authors elaborate on how the elements of this matrix are computed, as this would help readers better understand the approach.

While two cases are discussed, they do not fully demonstrate the potential scope of the proposed method. To better showcase its versatility, I recommend including a more complex scenario that involves both polarization conversion and vortex mode conversion.

For Figure 1, please ensure the reference is correctly cited. The image appears to originate from:
Yao, Alison M., and Miles J. Padgett. Orbital angular momentum: origins, behavior and applications. Advances in Optics and Photonics 3.2 (2011): 161–204.
Also, confirm that you have obtained the necessary permissions to reproduce this figure in your manuscript.

Please double-check all references for accuracy and formatting. For instance, Reference 23 appears to be incorrect.

 

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.pdf

Reviewer 3 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

This paper proposed the EVSM, which can be used as a method to characterize the scattering characteristics of targets in the OAM dimension of vortex EM waves. The theoretical derivation is clear and the structure is reasonable. However, there are the following issues that deserve further consideration.

1. The author should provide a comprehensive summary of the deficiencies in existing research in the introduction section, in order to highlight the significance of the current study.
2. The author should provide more detailed simulation parameters.
3. Currently, the simulation only verified spheres and flat plates.How is the characterization capability of this method for complex targets? The author should also add necessary sections to elaborate on this.
4. The author should, through horizontal comparison with other existing methods, utilize multiple dimensions to elaborate the superiority of the current method.
5. The author should conduct quantitative analysis and explanation of the simulation results.Simultaneously, quantitative results should also be appropriately reflected in the abstract and conclusion.
6. This paperlacks necessary experimental verification, relying solely on simulation results for its validity, and there is insufficient support for the feasibility of the method in real e Simultaneously, the absence of experiments leads to insufficient workload. The reviewer believes that necessary experiments should not be postponed to future research work, and requests the author to include necessary experimental verification in the revised paper.
7. It is recommended that the author appropriately increasesreferences from the recent three years to highlight the cutting-edge of this research.

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.pdf

Round 2

Reviewer 3 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

Thanks to the author for the reply.  The reviewer has always believed that the author should verify the feasibility of the proposed method through experiments. Please supplement the experiments as required in Comment 6. Unfortunately, in accordance with the rigorous requirements of scientific research, I cannot approve this paper now.

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.pdf

Round 3

Reviewer 3 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

Thanks to the author for the reply.  This paper lacks the necessary experiments, and I have already rejected it. If the author does not supplement the experiments, I will not be able to approve this paper. Please do not ask me to review this paper again.