Triple Coprime Vector Array for DOA and Polarization Estimation: A Perspective of Mutual Coupling Isolation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- We have designed a new array structure called a triple coprime array (TCA), which consists of three subarrays, to enlarge the coprime array structure and reduce the mutual coupling effect. The subarrays are arranged side by side and the intervals of the sensors in different subarrays have coprime characteristics. In particular, mutual coupling isolation is established among different subarrays as a benefit of the orthogonal polarization modes of the dipoles. In addition, the sparse array structure reduces the inter-element coupling (IEC), as well as magnifying the array aperture.
- We separated the dipoles collocated within a point into different subarrays and used long electric dipoles to improve reception efficiency. Compared with traditional PSAs, inter-polarization coupling (IPC) was eliminated but the capability of receiving vector signals was maintained. Furthermore, we used long electric dipoles of unit wavelength instead of short dipoles to improve reception efficiency, with the feasibility of the design ensured by the sparse array structure.
- We have proposed a joint DOA and polarization estimation algorithm for TCA to deal with the problems of angle ambiguity and polarization ambiguity, in which the length of the dipoles is taken into consideration. The proposed algorithm can achieve good estimation performance because DOA estimates are calculated for the three subarrays separately. Furthermore, the coprime characteristics are employed in order to avoid the phase ambiguity problem [31]. Finally, polarization estimates were obtained via model matrix reconstruction according to the least squares method.
2. Data Model
3. Triple Coprime Array Structure
3.1. The Long Dipoles
3.2. Array Aperture and Mutual Coupling
4. Joint DOA and Polarization Estimation Algorithm
4.1. DOA Estimation Algorithm
4.2. Model Matrix Reconstruction for Polarization Estimation
5. Simulation Results
5.1. DOA and Polarization Estimation Results
5.2. DOA RMSE Performance of Different Array Structures
5.3. RMSE Performance of Different DOA Estimation Algorithms
5.4. RMSE Performance of Different Polarization Estimation Algorithms
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
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Yang, M.; Yuan, Q.; Lai, X.; Zhu, B.; Zhang, X. Triple Coprime Vector Array for DOA and Polarization Estimation: A Perspective of Mutual Coupling Isolation. Electronics 2022, 11, 4112. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11244112
Yang M, Yuan Q, Lai X, Zhu B, Zhang X. Triple Coprime Vector Array for DOA and Polarization Estimation: A Perspective of Mutual Coupling Isolation. Electronics. 2022; 11(24):4112. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11244112
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Meng, Qi Yuan, Xin Lai, Beizuo Zhu, and Xiaofei Zhang. 2022. "Triple Coprime Vector Array for DOA and Polarization Estimation: A Perspective of Mutual Coupling Isolation" Electronics 11, no. 24: 4112. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11244112