Trebouxia lynnae sp. nov. (Former Trebouxia sp. TR9): Biology and Biogeography of an Epitome Lichen Symbiotic Microalga
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Isolation and Cultivation of Phycobionts
2.2. DNA Extraction, Amplification, and Sequencing
2.3. Phycobiont Phylogenetic Analysis
2.4. Microscopic Analyses of Phycobionts Grown in Culture
2.5. Isotopic Discrimination
3. Results
- Family Trebouxiaceae Friedl
- Genus Trebouxia Puymaly
- Trebouxialynnae Barreno sp. nov.
3.1. Phycobiont Phylogenetic Analysis
3.2. Geographical Occurrence
3.3. Morphological and Ultrastructural Characterization of Trebouxia lynnae sp. nov. in Culture
3.4. Isotopic Discrimination
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Trebouxia Species | Shape and Size of Mature Cells | Chloroplast-Type | Pyrenoid-Type |
---|---|---|---|
Trebouxia aggregata | Vegetative spherical cells 9–14 μm in diameter [80] Vegetative spherical cells 8–16 (24) μm in diameter [81] | Crenulata-type with slightly branched lobes | Gigantea-type, single pyrenoid |
Trebouxia arboricola | Vegetative spherical cells 13–15 μm in diameter [80] | Crenulata-type with slightly branched lobes | Gigantea-type, single pyrenoid |
Trebouxia asymmetrica | Vegetative cells are often ovoid or ellipsoidal, 19 × 14 μm maximum size [82] | Shallowly lobed-type with flat lobe terminations | Gigantea-type, multiple pyrenoids |
Trebouxia crenulata | Vegetative spherical cells 10–16 (20) μm in diameter [80] Vegetative spherical cells 5–18 (24) μm in diameter [81] | Crenulata-type with branched, tree-like lobes | Crenulata-type, single pyrenoid |
Trebouxia cretacea | Vegetative spherical cells 15–20 (30) μm in diameter, but also ovoid and ellipsoid cells 20–22 (–30) × 15 μm [83] | Crenulata-type with small unbranched lobes | Gigantea-type, multiple pyrenoids |
Trebouxia decolorans | Vegetative spherical cells 10–13 (17) μm in diameter [80] Vegetative spherical cells 6–13 (20) μm in diameter [81] Vegetative spherical cells 19–25.5 (30) μm in diameter [84] | Deeply lobed-type | Decolorans-type, multiple pyrenoids |
Trebouxia gigantea | Vegetative spherical cells 14–22 (27) μm in diameter [80] | Shallowly lobed-type with elongated lobes | Gigantea-type, single pyrenoid |
Trebouxia incrustata | Vegetative spherical cells 10–14 (15) μm in diameter [80] Vegetative spherical cells 3–10 (22) μm in diameter [81] | Shallowly lobed-type with elongated lobes | Gigantea-type, single pyrenoid |
Trebouxia jamesii | Vegetative spherical cells 10–15 (20) μm in diameter [80] | Shallowly lobed-type with elongated lobes | Impressa-type, single (or multiple) pyrenoid |
Trebouxia lynnae | Vegetative spherical cells 7–12 (16) μm in diameter | Shallowly lobed-type with elongated lobes | Impressa-type, single (or multiple) pyrenoid |
Trebouxia maresiae | Vegetative spherical cells 7–11 (15) μm in diameter [16] | Crenulata-type with branched tree-like lobes | Maresiae-type, single pyrenoid |
Trebouxia showmanii | Vegetative spherical cells, often slightly ovoid or ellipsoidal, 11–16 (22) μm in diameter [80] | Crenulata-type with branched, tree-like lobes | Gigantea-type, single pyrenoid |
Trebouxia solaris | Vegetative spherical cells 15–20 (22) μm in diameter [83] | Crenulata-type | Type not reported, single pyrenoid with starch grains or satellites |
Trebouxia vagua | Vegetative spherical cells 15–20 μm in diameter, ovoid and ellipsoid cells 20–22 (28) × 13–18 μm [83] | Chloroplast with wide lobes in young cells and narrow lobes in old cells | Type not reported, single pyrenoid with starch grains or satellites |
δ13C | δ15N | %C | %N | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Trebouxia lynnae | −16.96‰ | 6.93‰ | 47.55 | 6.41 |
Trebouxia jamesii | −17.60‰ | 6.43‰ | 46.95 | 5.51 |
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Barreno, E.; Muggia, L.; Chiva, S.; Molins, A.; Bordenave, C.; García-Breijo, F.; Moya, P. Trebouxia lynnae sp. nov. (Former Trebouxia sp. TR9): Biology and Biogeography of an Epitome Lichen Symbiotic Microalga. Biology 2022, 11, 1196. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11081196
Barreno E, Muggia L, Chiva S, Molins A, Bordenave C, García-Breijo F, Moya P. Trebouxia lynnae sp. nov. (Former Trebouxia sp. TR9): Biology and Biogeography of an Epitome Lichen Symbiotic Microalga. Biology. 2022; 11(8):1196. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11081196
Chicago/Turabian StyleBarreno, Eva, Lucia Muggia, Salvador Chiva, Arantzazu Molins, César Bordenave, Francisco García-Breijo, and Patricia Moya. 2022. "Trebouxia lynnae sp. nov. (Former Trebouxia sp. TR9): Biology and Biogeography of an Epitome Lichen Symbiotic Microalga" Biology 11, no. 8: 1196. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11081196