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Antibiotics
Volume 14
Issue 10
10.3390/antibiotics14101013
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Article

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Endoscopic Findings of Helicobacter pylori Infection Among Lebanese Patients Undergoing Gastroscopy: A Retrospective Study from a Single Tertiary Center

by
Rim Boutari
1,†,
Nadeen Zayour
2,†,
Ali Naji Hmedeh
1,
Diana Khaled Bashashi
1,
Fatima Assaf
1,
Jana Al Tahan
1,
Nancy Zrara
1,
Nour Al-Mokdad
1,
Omar Al Khatib
1,
Abbas Zreik
1,
Laura Akiki
1,
Bilal Hoteit
3,
Maha Hoteit
2,4,5,6,
Zahra Sadek
2,7,8,
Nikolaos Tzenios
9,* and
Mahmoud Hallal
1,3,10,*
1
Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut P.O. Box 14-6573, Lebanon
2
Organized Research Unit, Al Zahraa Hospital University Medical Center (ZHUMC), Beirut P.O. Box 90-361, Lebanon
3
Badaro Endoscopic Center, Moarbes Hospital, Beirut P.O. Box 50-223, Lebanon
4
PHENOL Research Program, Faculty of Public Health, Section 1, Lebanese University, Beirut P.O. Box 6573, Lebanon
5
Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
6
INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut 1100, Lebanon
7
Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Beirut P.O. Box 6573-1, Lebanon
8
Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Public Health, Islamic University of Lebanon, Khaldeh P.O. Box 30014, Lebanon
9
Faculty of Public Health, Charisma University, London EC1V 7QE, UK
10
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Al Zahraa Hospital University Medical Center (ZHUMC), Beirut P.O. Box 90-361, Lebanon
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Antibiotics 2025, 14(10), 1013; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14101013 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 2 September 2025 / Revised: 3 October 2025 / Accepted: 10 October 2025 / Published: 11 October 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

(1) Background: Gastric cancer continues to pose a significant public health challenge, with its incidence influenced by various factors, including Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. In Lebanon, data on H. pylori prevalence and its associated risk factors remain limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection among Lebanese outpatients presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms undergoing gastroscopy, to explore correlations between the infection and demographic and clinical variables, and to evaluate the prevalence of associated conditions such as gastritis, duodenitis, and intestinal metaplasia. (2) Methods: Using a retrospective design, data from 786 patients admitted at a hospital in Beirut over a three-year period were extracted from records. (3) Results: The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 29.6% despite 91.5% of patients showing signs of gastritis on endoscopy. The infection showed significant associations with erosive gastritis, non-erosive gastritis, mosaic gastritis, as well as with both erosive and non-erosive duodenitis. No significant relationships were observed between H. pylori and demographic factors, atrophic, or nodular gastritis. (4) Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of targeted testing and early eradication of H. pylori to manage gastritis effectively and reduce the risk of progression to more serious gastric conditions in the Lebanese population.
Keywords: Helicobacter pylori; H. pylori infection; gastroscopy; gastritis; duodenitis; intestinal metaplasia; Lebanon Helicobacter pylori; H. pylori infection; gastroscopy; gastritis; duodenitis; intestinal metaplasia; Lebanon

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Boutari, R.; Zayour, N.; Hmedeh, A.N.; Bashashi, D.K.; Assaf, F.; Al Tahan, J.; Zrara, N.; Al-Mokdad, N.; Al Khatib, O.; Zreik, A.; et al. Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Endoscopic Findings of Helicobacter pylori Infection Among Lebanese Patients Undergoing Gastroscopy: A Retrospective Study from a Single Tertiary Center. Antibiotics 2025, 14, 1013. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14101013

AMA Style

Boutari R, Zayour N, Hmedeh AN, Bashashi DK, Assaf F, Al Tahan J, Zrara N, Al-Mokdad N, Al Khatib O, Zreik A, et al. Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Endoscopic Findings of Helicobacter pylori Infection Among Lebanese Patients Undergoing Gastroscopy: A Retrospective Study from a Single Tertiary Center. Antibiotics. 2025; 14(10):1013. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14101013

Chicago/Turabian Style

Boutari, Rim, Nadeen Zayour, Ali Naji Hmedeh, Diana Khaled Bashashi, Fatima Assaf, Jana Al Tahan, Nancy Zrara, Nour Al-Mokdad, Omar Al Khatib, Abbas Zreik, and et al. 2025. "Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Endoscopic Findings of Helicobacter pylori Infection Among Lebanese Patients Undergoing Gastroscopy: A Retrospective Study from a Single Tertiary Center" Antibiotics 14, no. 10: 1013. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14101013

APA Style

Boutari, R., Zayour, N., Hmedeh, A. N., Bashashi, D. K., Assaf, F., Al Tahan, J., Zrara, N., Al-Mokdad, N., Al Khatib, O., Zreik, A., Akiki, L., Hoteit, B., Hoteit, M., Sadek, Z., Tzenios, N., & Hallal, M. (2025). Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Endoscopic Findings of Helicobacter pylori Infection Among Lebanese Patients Undergoing Gastroscopy: A Retrospective Study from a Single Tertiary Center. Antibiotics, 14(10), 1013. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14101013

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