Solvent Engineering for Intermediates Phase, All-Ambient-Air-Processed in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells

Shi, Lei; Hao, Huiying; Dong, Jingjing; Zhong, Tingting; Zhang, Chen; Hao, Jiabin; Xing, Jie; Liu, Hao

doi:10.3390/nano9070915

Open AccessArticle

Solvent Engineering for Intermediates Phase, All-Ambient-Air-Processed in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells

by

Lei Shi

,

Huiying Hao

^*,

Jingjing Dong

^*,

Tingting Zhong

,

Chen Zhang

,

Jiabin Hao

,

Jie Xing

and

Hao Liu

School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Nanomaterials 2019, 9(7), 915; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9070915

Submission received: 18 May 2019 / Revised: 4 June 2019 / Accepted: 5 June 2019 / Published: 26 June 2019

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Abstract

Intermediate phase is considered an important aspect to deeply understand the crystallization procedure in the growth of high-quality perovskite layers by an anti-solvent technique. However, the moisture influence on the intermediate phase formation is not clear in air conditions as yet. In this work, pure (FA_0.2MA_1.8)Pb₃X₈(DMSO·DMF) intermediate phase was obtained in as-prepared perovskite film by spin-coating the precursor of co-solvent (DMSO and DMF) in an ambient air (RH20–30%). Moreover, the appropriate quantity of ethyl acetate (C₄H₈O₂, EA) also controls the formation of pure intermediate phase. The uniform and homogeneous perovskite film was obtained after annealing this intermediate film. Therefore, the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is 16.24% with an average PCE of 15.53%, of which almost 86% of its initial PCE was preserved after 30 days in air conditions. Besides, the steady-state output efficiency ups to 15.38% under continuous illumination. In addition, the PCE of large area device (100 mm²) reaches 11.11% with a little hysteresis effect. This work would give an orientation for PSCs production at the commercial level, which could lower the cost of fabricating the high efficiency PSCs.

Keywords: perovskite solar cells; intermediate phase; air condition; solvent engineering

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MDPI and ACS Style

Shi, L.; Hao, H.; Dong, J.; Zhong, T.; Zhang, C.; Hao, J.; Xing, J.; Liu, H. Solvent Engineering for Intermediates Phase, All-Ambient-Air-Processed in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells. Nanomaterials 2019, 9, 915. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9070915

AMA Style

Shi L, Hao H, Dong J, Zhong T, Zhang C, Hao J, Xing J, Liu H. Solvent Engineering for Intermediates Phase, All-Ambient-Air-Processed in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells. Nanomaterials. 2019; 9(7):915. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9070915

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shi, Lei, Huiying Hao, Jingjing Dong, Tingting Zhong, Chen Zhang, Jiabin Hao, Jie Xing, and Hao Liu. 2019. "Solvent Engineering for Intermediates Phase, All-Ambient-Air-Processed in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells" Nanomaterials 9, no. 7: 915. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9070915

APA Style

Shi, L., Hao, H., Dong, J., Zhong, T., Zhang, C., Hao, J., Xing, J., & Liu, H. (2019). Solvent Engineering for Intermediates Phase, All-Ambient-Air-Processed in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells. Nanomaterials, 9(7), 915. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9070915

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Solvent Engineering for Intermediates Phase, All-Ambient-Air-Processed in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells

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