Improving the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly(l-lactide) by Forming Nanocomposites with an in Situ Ring-Opening Intermediate of Poly(l-lactide) and Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Materials
2.2. Sample Preparation
2.2.1. Synthesis of PLLA-AMPOSS Intermediates by Ring-Opening Polymerization
2.2.2. Fabrication of PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS Nanocomposites
2.3. Sample Tests
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of PLLA-AMPOSS Intermediates
3.2. Structure and Performance of PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS Composites
3.2.1. Thermal Properties of PLLA and PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS Nanocomposites
3.2.2. Morphology and Structure of Crystallization
3.2.3. Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics
3.3. Morphological Characterization of Nanocomposites
3.4. Thermal Stability of Nanocomposites
3.5. Mechanical Properties of the Nanocomposites
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Supplementary File 1Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | First Scan | Second Scan | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tm (°C) | Tg (°C) | Tcc (°C) | ΔHcc (J/g) | Tm(°C) | ΔHm (J/g) | ||
Tm1 | Tm2 | ||||||
Pure PLLA | 164.6 | 59.8 | 110.5 | 38.1 | 160.5 | 167.2 | 42.2 |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS1 | 167.4 | 60.0 | 112.7 | 41.7 | 160.8 | 168.3 | 42.9 |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS5 | 169.5 | 61.3 | 113.7 | 41.8 | 163.1 | 169.8 | 46.0 |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS10 | 170.7 | 60.9 | 115.1 | 44.0 | 163.3 | 169.8 | 47.3 |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS20 | 173.3 | 60.3 | 114.9 | 44.2 | 163.3 | 170.1 | 48.0 |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS30 | 156.0 | 59.2 | 111.3 | 40.6 | 160.7 | 170.3 | 48.8 |
Samples | Tc (°C) | n | k (°C min−1) | t1/2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pure PLLA | 120 | 3.19 | 1.43 × 10−3 | 6.93 |
125 | 3.29 | 2.94 × 10−4 | 10.6 | |
130 | 3.15 | 2.08 × 10−4 | 13.2 | |
135 | 3.05 | 7.68 × 10−5 | 19.8 | |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS1 | 120 | 3.01 | 2.95 × 10−3 | 6.15 |
125 | 3.38 | 3.18 × 10−4 | 9.74 | |
130 | 3.35 | 1.62 × 10−4 | 12.1 | |
135 | 3.15 | 7.36 × 10−5 | 18.3 | |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS5 | 120 | 2.98 | 3.13 × 10−3 | 6.12 |
125 | 3.42 | 2.80 × 10−4 | 9.82 | |
130 | 3.31 | 1.71 × 10−4 | 12.3 | |
135 | 3.15 | 8.27 × 10−5 | 17.6 | |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS10 | 120 | 2.95 | 3.63 × 10−3 | 5.93 |
125 | 3.51 | 2.16 × 10−4 | 9.99 | |
130 | 3.28 | 1.78 × 10−4 | 12.5 | |
135 | 3.16 | 8.67 × 10−5 | 17.2 | |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS20 | 120 | 3.17 | 7.02 × 10−3 | 3.82 |
125 | 3.68 | 3.75 × 10−4 | 7.58 | |
130 | 3.29 | 3.39 × 10−4 | 9.69 | |
135 | 3.21 | 2.18 × 10−4 | 13.03 | |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS30 | 120 | 3.38 | 6.90 × 10−3 | 3.91 |
125 | 3.77 | 3.13 × 10−4 | 7.72 | |
130 | 3.31 | 3.60 × 10−4 | 9.84 | |
135 | 3.19 | 1.75 × 10−4 | 13.4 |
Sample | Nitrogen Gas Condition | Air Gas Condition | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T0.05 (°C) | T0.50 (°C) | Residue (%) | T0.05 (°C) | T0.50 (°C) | Residue (%) | |
Pure PLLA | 295 | 352 | 1.11 | 286 | 346 | 0.73 |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS1 | 298 | 352 | 0.59 | 302 | 355 | 1.05 |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS5 | 299 | 357 | 0.78 | 311 | 357 | 3.23 |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS10 | 305 | 355 | 0.91 | 311 | 355 | 1.01 |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS20 | 306 | 357 | 1.08 | 311 | 358 | 1.12 |
PLLA/PLLA-AMPOSS30 | 296 | 350 | 2.44 | 310 | 354 | 1.84 |
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Lei, X.-X.; Lu, H.; Lu, L.; Xu, H.-Q.; Zhou, Y.-G.; Zou, J. Improving the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly(l-lactide) by Forming Nanocomposites with an in Situ Ring-Opening Intermediate of Poly(l-lactide) and Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane. Nanomaterials 2019, 9, 748. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9050748
Lei X-X, Lu H, Lu L, Xu H-Q, Zhou Y-G, Zou J. Improving the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly(l-lactide) by Forming Nanocomposites with an in Situ Ring-Opening Intermediate of Poly(l-lactide) and Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane. Nanomaterials. 2019; 9(5):748. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9050748
Chicago/Turabian StyleLei, Xiu-Xiu, Hao Lu, Lei Lu, Hai-Qing Xu, Ying-Guo Zhou, and Jun Zou. 2019. "Improving the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly(l-lactide) by Forming Nanocomposites with an in Situ Ring-Opening Intermediate of Poly(l-lactide) and Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane" Nanomaterials 9, no. 5: 748. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9050748