A Mini Review Focused on the Recent Applications of Graphene Oxide in Stem Cell Growth and Differentiation
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Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2018, 8(9), 736; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8090736
Received: 3 September 2018
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Revised: 15 September 2018
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Accepted: 17 September 2018
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Published: 18 September 2018
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can give rise to any types of cells in our body. Hence, they have been utilized for various applications, such as drug testing and disease modeling. However, for the successful of those applications, the survival and differentiation of stem cells into specialized lineages should be well controlled. Growth factors and chemical agents are the most common signals to promote the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. However, those approaches holds several drawbacks such as the negative side effects, degradation or denaturation, and expensive. To address such limitations, nanomaterials have been recently used as a better approach for controlling stem cells behaviors. Graphene oxide is the derivative of graphene, the first two-dimensional (2D) materials in the world. Recently, due to its extraordinary properties and great biological effects on stem cells, many scientists around the world have utilized graphene oxide to enhance the differentiation potential of stem cells. In this mini review, we highlight the key advances about the effects of graphene oxide on controlling stem cell growth and various types of stem cell differentiation. We also discuss the possible molecular mechanisms of graphene oxide in controlling stem cell growth and differentiation.
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Keywords:
graphene oxide; stem cells; growth; cell differentiation; biomaterials
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MDPI and ACS Style
Halim, A.; Luo, Q.; Ju, Y.; Song, G. A Mini Review Focused on the Recent Applications of Graphene Oxide in Stem Cell Growth and Differentiation. Nanomaterials 2018, 8, 736. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8090736
AMA Style
Halim A, Luo Q, Ju Y, Song G. A Mini Review Focused on the Recent Applications of Graphene Oxide in Stem Cell Growth and Differentiation. Nanomaterials. 2018; 8(9):736. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8090736
Chicago/Turabian StyleHalim, Alexander, Qing Luo, Yang Ju, and Guanbin Song. 2018. "A Mini Review Focused on the Recent Applications of Graphene Oxide in Stem Cell Growth and Differentiation" Nanomaterials 8, no. 9: 736. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8090736
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