Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Use in Cancer Drug Delivery: Process Optimization and In Vitro Characterization
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Nanoparticles Optimization and Preparation
2.1.1. Effect of Homogenization Pressure on Nanoparticles
2.1.2. Effect of Homogenization Cycles on Nanoparticles
2.1.3. Effect of HSA Concentration on Nanoparticle Size
2.1.4. Effect of Chloroform on Nanoparticles
2.1.5. Effect of Chloroform-Ethanol Concentration on Nanoparticles
2.1.6. Effect of Paclitaxel Addition in Nanoparticles
2.2. Size, Stability, Morphology, Yield and Encapsulation Efficiency of HSA-NPs
2.3. In Vitro Drug Release Study
2.4. Cell Culture and In Vitro Cell Viability
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Reagents and Chemicals
4.2. High Pressure Homogenizer
4.3. Process Optimization and Preparation of PTX-HSA-NPs
4.4. Nanoparticles Size Measurement, Zeta Potential Analysis and Surface Morphology
4.5. Yield and Encapsulation Efficiency of HSA-NPs
4.6. Measuring In Vitro Paclitaxel Drug Release
4.7. Cell Viability Due to PTX-HSA-NPs
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Homogenization Pressure | |||
Pressure (psi) | Size (nm) | Zeta Potential (mV) | PDI |
10,000 | 337.7 ± 14.8 | 5.0 ± 12.7 | 0.26 |
15,000 | 248.2 ± 6.6 | 8.2 ± 16.6 | 0.27 |
20,000 | 254.7 ± 15.5 | 8.8 ± 8.0 | 0.24 |
Number of Homogenization Cycles | |||
Cycles | Size (nm) | Zeta Potential (mV) | PDI |
6 | 307.1 ± 9.2 | −20.8 ± 6.5 | 0.25 |
9 | 303.7 ± 24.1 | −22.2 ± 5.8 | 0.26 |
12 | 242.8 ± 11.7 | −18.7 ± 2.9 | 0.26 |
15 | 302.8 ± 17.3 | −24.5 ± 3.4 | 0.32 |
Human serum albumin (HSA) Concentration | |||
HSA (mg/mL) | Size (nm) | Zeta Potential (mV) | PDI |
10 | 216.6 ± 9.8 | −14.7 ± 13.7 | 0.26 |
20 | 229.3 ± 9.5 | −19.8 ± 2.9 | 0.29 |
30 | 267.9 ± 11.7 | −21.4 ± 7.3 | 0.29 |
40 | 343.6 ± 14.4 | −18.2 ± 6.5 | 0.34 |
Chloroform Concentration | |||
Chloroform (% v/v) | Size (nm) | Zeta Potential (mV) | PDI |
3 | 256.1 ± 22.8 | −15.5 ± 6.6 | 0.30 |
5 | 309.4 ± 14.5 | −22.4 ± 7.0 | 0.28 |
10 | 280.1 ± 19.1 | −26.6 ± 3.9 | 0.30 |
20 | 178.4 ± 6.7 | −24.3 ± 6.3 | 0.24 |
Chloroform-Ethanol Concentration (94:6) | |||
CHCl3-EtOH (% v/v) | Size (nm) | Zeta Potential (mV) | PDI |
3 | 169.1 ± 2.6 | −7.9 ± 0.36 | 0.48 |
5 | 152.4 ± 5.1 | −9.4 ± 0.3 | 0.57 |
10 | 143.4 ± 0.7 | −5.62 ± 0.8 | 0.43 |
Paclitaxel Concentration | |||
PTX (mg/mL) | Size (nm) | Zeta Potential (mV) | PDI |
0.5 | 170.2 ± 1.4 | −17.4 ± 0.5 | 0.14 |
1 | 177.1 ± 2.5 | −26.8 ± 3.1 | 0.09 |
1.5 | 207.5 ± 2.4 | −12.6 ± 0.7 | 0.22 |
Type of HSA-NPs with PTX | Yield | Encapsulation Efficiency |
---|---|---|
PTX-0.5 mg/mL | 93.40% | 81.80% |
PTX-1.0 mg/mL | 93.70% | 93.94% |
PTX-1.5 mg/mL | 92.50% | 97.96% |
PTX-0 mg/mL | 93.90% | - |
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Lomis, N.; Westfall, S.; Farahdel, L.; Malhotra, M.; Shum-Tim, D.; Prakash, S. Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Use in Cancer Drug Delivery: Process Optimization and In Vitro Characterization. Nanomaterials 2016, 6, 116. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano6060116
Lomis N, Westfall S, Farahdel L, Malhotra M, Shum-Tim D, Prakash S. Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Use in Cancer Drug Delivery: Process Optimization and In Vitro Characterization. Nanomaterials. 2016; 6(6):116. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano6060116
Chicago/Turabian StyleLomis, Nikita, Susan Westfall, Leila Farahdel, Meenakshi Malhotra, Dominique Shum-Tim, and Satya Prakash. 2016. "Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Use in Cancer Drug Delivery: Process Optimization and In Vitro Characterization" Nanomaterials 6, no. 6: 116. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano6060116