Catalytic Pyrolysis of Cellulose Biomass to Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Modified HZSM-5 Zeolite

Li, Jian; Sun, Laizhi; Hua, Derun; Lu, Xinning; Yang, Dandan; Wu, Zhiying

doi:10.3390/nano15100751

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Catalytic Pyrolysis of Cellulose Biomass to Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Modified HZSM-5 Zeolite

by

Jian Li

^1,2,*,

Laizhi Sun

³

,

Derun Hua

^1,2,

Xinning Lu

^1,2,

Dandan Yang

¹ and

Zhiying Wu

¹

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China

²

Key Laboratory of Jiangxi University for Functional Materials Chemistry, Ganzhou 341000, China

³

Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science), Jinan 250013, China

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Nanomaterials 2025, 15(10), 751; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15100751

Submission received: 27 April 2025 / Revised: 12 May 2025 / Accepted: 14 May 2025 / Published: 16 May 2025

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prospects of Nanocomposites in CO₂ Emission Reduction and Conversion)

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Abstract

Gallium-modified Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5) zeolites were synthesized using wetness impregnation and hydrothermal synthesis methods. The structural and acidic properties of the zeolites were characterized through an analytical instrument, which demonstrated that Gallium-modified HZSM-5 zeolites retain the Mobil five instructure (MFI) framework structure, but exhibit a reduction in Brønsted acid sites and a decrease in micropore size. The catalytic performance of these zeolites in the pyrolysis of cellulose biomass and polyethylene was tested. Compared with HZSM-5, Ga-modified HZSM-5 zeolites considerably increased monoaromatic yields while reducing alkanes production. In particular, gallium-impregnated HZSM-5 increased the monoaromatic yield from 37.6% for ZSM-5 to 43.2%, while hydrothermal synthesized Ga-HMFI reduced polyaromatic and alkane yields from 6.6% and 24.6% for HZSM-5 to 2.9% and 11.4%, respectively. These results indicated that Ga-modified HZSM-5 zeolites can improve the synergy between cellulose-derived oxygenates and polyethylene-derived olefins, enhancing the yield of petrochemical hydrocarbons compared to that predicted by theoretical calculations.

Keywords: catalytic pyrolysis; biomass; aromatic hydrocarbons; modified HZSM-5

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, J.; Sun, L.; Hua, D.; Lu, X.; Yang, D.; Wu, Z. Catalytic Pyrolysis of Cellulose Biomass to Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Modified HZSM-5 Zeolite. Nanomaterials 2025, 15, 751. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15100751

AMA Style

Li J, Sun L, Hua D, Lu X, Yang D, Wu Z. Catalytic Pyrolysis of Cellulose Biomass to Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Modified HZSM-5 Zeolite. Nanomaterials. 2025; 15(10):751. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15100751

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Jian, Laizhi Sun, Derun Hua, Xinning Lu, Dandan Yang, and Zhiying Wu. 2025. "Catalytic Pyrolysis of Cellulose Biomass to Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Modified HZSM-5 Zeolite" Nanomaterials 15, no. 10: 751. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15100751

APA Style

Li, J., Sun, L., Hua, D., Lu, X., Yang, D., & Wu, Z. (2025). Catalytic Pyrolysis of Cellulose Biomass to Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Modified HZSM-5 Zeolite. Nanomaterials, 15(10), 751. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15100751

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Catalytic Pyrolysis of Cellulose Biomass to Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Modified HZSM-5 Zeolite

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