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Nanomaterials
Volume 13
Issue 1
10.3390/nano13010151
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Article

Poly(caffeic acid) Redox Couple Decorated on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide for Electrocatalytic Sensing Free Chlorine in Drinking Water

by
Srinivasan Kesavan
†,
Deivasigamani Ranjith Kumar
†,
Ganesh Dhakal
,
Woo Kyoung Kim
,
Yong Rok Lee
and
Jae-Jin Shim
*
School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(1), 151; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13010151
Submission received: 4 October 2022 / Revised: 26 November 2022 / Accepted: 16 December 2022 / Published: 28 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Nanomaterials for Energy Storage/Conversion and Catalysis in Korea)
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Abstract

Regular water quality measurements are essential to the public water supply. Moreover, selective free chlorine (disinfectant) level monitoring without an interfering agent is necessary. The present work aimed to fabricate poly(caffeic acid) (p-CFA) coated on an electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) surface for the selective detection of free chlorine. Electron microscopy and various spectroscopic techniques confirmed the p-CFA@ERGO/glassy carbon (GC) electrode. The p-CFA@ERGO/GC coated probe surface coverage was calculated to be 4.75 × 10−11 mol cm−2. The p-CFA@ERGO/GC showed superior catechol/o-quinone oxidation/reduction peaks for electrocatalytic free chlorine determination. The performance of the developed sensor electrode was outstanding, with an extensive range of free chlorine detection (20 μM to 20 mM), high sensitivity (0.0361 µA µM−1), and low detection limit (0.03 µM). The p-CFA@ERGO/GC capability of the realist water samples, such as the tested commercial and tap water, yielded a good range of recovery (from 98.5% to 99.9%). These values align with the standard N,N′-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine reagent method results.
Keywords: caffeic acid; poly(caffeic acid); electrocatalytic reaction; free chlorine; tap water; drinking water caffeic acid; poly(caffeic acid); electrocatalytic reaction; free chlorine; tap water; drinking water
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MDPI and ACS Style

Kesavan, S.; Kumar, D.R.; Dhakal, G.; Kim, W.K.; Lee, Y.R.; Shim, J.-J. Poly(caffeic acid) Redox Couple Decorated on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide for Electrocatalytic Sensing Free Chlorine in Drinking Water. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 151. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13010151

AMA Style

Kesavan S, Kumar DR, Dhakal G, Kim WK, Lee YR, Shim J-J. Poly(caffeic acid) Redox Couple Decorated on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide for Electrocatalytic Sensing Free Chlorine in Drinking Water. Nanomaterials. 2023; 13(1):151. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13010151

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kesavan, Srinivasan, Deivasigamani Ranjith Kumar, Ganesh Dhakal, Woo Kyoung Kim, Yong Rok Lee, and Jae-Jin Shim. 2023. "Poly(caffeic acid) Redox Couple Decorated on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide for Electrocatalytic Sensing Free Chlorine in Drinking Water" Nanomaterials 13, no. 1: 151. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13010151

APA Style

Kesavan, S., Kumar, D. R., Dhakal, G., Kim, W. K., Lee, Y. R., & Shim, J.-J. (2023). Poly(caffeic acid) Redox Couple Decorated on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide for Electrocatalytic Sensing Free Chlorine in Drinking Water. Nanomaterials, 13(1), 151. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13010151

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