Radiative and Non-Radiative Decay Pathways in Carbon Nanodots toward Bioimaging and Photodynamic Therapy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Reagents
2.2. Synthesis of CNDs
2.3. Material Analysis
2.4. Chemical Analysis
2.5. Optical Analysis
2.6. ROS Measurement
2.7. Cell Viability Test
2.8. In Vitro Confocal Microscopy Imaging
2.9. In Vitro PDT Test
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | τ1 (ns) | A1 | τ2 (ns) | A2 | τ3 (ns) | A3 | τavg (ns) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CND1 | 4.05 | 58.96 | 10.45 | 29.12 | 1.18 | 11.92 | 3.65 |
CND2 | 5.03 | 30.50 | 12.66 | 63.44 | 1.39 | 6.07 | 6.47 |
CND3 | 4.19 | 24.54 | 12.49 | 69.27 | 0.84 | 6.18 | 5.32 |
CND4 | 3.91 | 24.96 | 11.71 | 60.67 | 0.88 | 14.37 | 3.58 |
Precursors | Reaction Condition | Size (nm) | PL Ex/Em Wavelength | QY | Application | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citric acid Ethanolamine | 190 °C, 2 h | 12.4 ± 5.6 | 376 nm/ 466 nm | 11% | Subsurface tracer | [48] |
Citric acid Ethanolamine | 230 °C, 30 m | 19 | 375 nm/ 455 nm | 50% | − | [24] |
Citric acid Ethylenediamine | 140 °C, 5 h | 2~6 (carbon core) | 361 nm/ 442 nm | 70% (relative) | − | [34] |
Citric acid Ethylenediamine | 120 °C, 15 h | 3.5 ± 0.3 | 340 nm/ 440 nm | 21.8% (relative) | − | [17] |
Citric acid Triethylamine | 160 °C, 4 h | 1.7 ± 0.21 | 350 nm/ 437 nm | 18.8% | Hg2+ detection | [49] |
Citric acid Ethanolamine | 90 °C, 24 h | 10.25±1.84 | 360 nm/ 450 nm | 15.24% | Bioimaging and PDT | This work |
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Kim, Y.; Park, Y.; Han, S.; Park, W.; Kim, M.; Kim, K.; Joo, J.; Hahn, S.K.; Kwon, W. Radiative and Non-Radiative Decay Pathways in Carbon Nanodots toward Bioimaging and Photodynamic Therapy. Nanomaterials 2022, 12, 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12010070
Kim Y, Park Y, Han S, Park W, Kim M, Kim K, Joo J, Hahn SK, Kwon W. Radiative and Non-Radiative Decay Pathways in Carbon Nanodots toward Bioimaging and Photodynamic Therapy. Nanomaterials. 2022; 12(1):70. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12010070
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Yujin, Yoonsang Park, Seulgi Han, Wonchan Park, Mungu Kim, Kyunghwan Kim, Jinmyoung Joo, Sei Kwang Hahn, and Woosung Kwon. 2022. "Radiative and Non-Radiative Decay Pathways in Carbon Nanodots toward Bioimaging and Photodynamic Therapy" Nanomaterials 12, no. 1: 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12010070