Preparation of Transparent and Thick CNF/Epoxy Composites by Controlling the Properties of Cellulose Nanofibrils
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Raw Materials
2.2. Preparation of Untreated CNF and Carboxymethylated CNF Sheets
2.2.1. Carboxymethylation of Pulp
2.2.2. Preparation of Untreated CNF and Carboxymethylated CNF
2.2.3. Preparation of Dried- and Solvent-Exchanged-CNF Sheets
2.3. Preparation of CNF/Epoxy Composite
2.4. Characterization of the CNF/Epoxy Composite
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effect of Solvent-Exchange Process of the Sheet on the Composites Properties
3.2. Effect of CNF Morphology on the Composite Properties
3.3. Effects of Sheet Grammage and the Number of Sheet Layers on the Composite Properties
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | Transmittance at 600 nm (%) | Haze (%) |
---|---|---|
Dried U-CNF sheet (single layer) | 89.6 | 76.0 |
Two-layered dried U-CNF/epoxy composite | 83.9 | 30.4 |
Two-layered solvent-exchanged U-CNF/epoxy composite | 83.9 | 26.2 |
CNF Type | Carboxyl contents of CNF (μmol/g) | Transmittance at 600 nm (%) | Haze (%) |
---|---|---|---|
U-CNF | 50 | 83.9 | 26.2 |
CM-CNF | 280 | 84.6 | 21.1 |
355 | 86.3 | 17.2 | |
470 | 88.3 | 15.0 | |
550 | 89.8 | 10.6 |
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Park, S.Y.; Yook, S.; Goo, S.; Im, W.; Youn, H.J. Preparation of Transparent and Thick CNF/Epoxy Composites by Controlling the Properties of Cellulose Nanofibrils. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 625. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10040625
Park SY, Yook S, Goo S, Im W, Youn HJ. Preparation of Transparent and Thick CNF/Epoxy Composites by Controlling the Properties of Cellulose Nanofibrils. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10(4):625. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10040625
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Shin Young, Simyub Yook, Sooim Goo, Wanhee Im, and Hye Jung Youn. 2020. "Preparation of Transparent and Thick CNF/Epoxy Composites by Controlling the Properties of Cellulose Nanofibrils" Nanomaterials 10, no. 4: 625. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10040625