High Electronically Conductive Tungsten Phosphate Glass-Ceramics
1
Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
2
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
3
Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(12), 2515; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10122515
Received: 19 November 2020
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Revised: 11 December 2020
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Accepted: 12 December 2020
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Published: 15 December 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preparation and Application of Nanostructured Glass–Ceramics and Nanocomposites)
High electronically conductive tungsten phosphate glass-ceramics have been prepared by the controlled crystallization of binary 60WO3–40P2O5 glass in the temperature range from 700 to 935 °C and for 1 to 24 h. The substantial increase in the conductivity for four orders of magnitude is a result of the formation of electronically conductive W2O3(PO4)2 and WO3 phases. At low crystallization temperature the dominant W2O3(PO4)2 phase is created, whereas at 935 °C for 24 h the formation of semiconducting WO3 crystallites of an average size of 80 nm enhances the conductivity to the highest value of 1.64 × 10−4 (Ω cm)–1 at 30 °C. The course of the crystallization and its impact on this exceptionally high electronic transport of binary tungsten phosphate glass-ceramics has been discussed in detail. Since such highly electronically conductive WO3-based glass-ceramics have a great potential as cathode/anode materials in solid state batteries and as electrocatalysts in fuel cells, it is of interest to provide a novel insight into the improvement of their electrical properties.
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Keywords:
binary tungsten phosphate glass-ceramics; crystallization; electronic transport; W2O3(PO4)2 phase; semiconducting WO3 phase
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MDPI and ACS Style
Renka, S.; Klaser, T.; Burazer, S.; Mošner, P.; Kalenda, P.; Šantić, A.; Moguš-Milanković, A. High Electronically Conductive Tungsten Phosphate Glass-Ceramics. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 2515. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10122515
AMA Style
Renka S, Klaser T, Burazer S, Mošner P, Kalenda P, Šantić A, Moguš-Milanković A. High Electronically Conductive Tungsten Phosphate Glass-Ceramics. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10(12):2515. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10122515
Chicago/Turabian StyleRenka, Sanja, Teodoro Klaser, Sanja Burazer, Petr Mošner, Petr Kalenda, Ana Šantić, and Andrea Moguš-Milanković. 2020. "High Electronically Conductive Tungsten Phosphate Glass-Ceramics" Nanomaterials 10, no. 12: 2515. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10122515
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