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Volume 13
Issue 8
10.3390/jmse13081573
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Study on the Influence of Fluid Fields on the Impact Force of Ships Colliding with Bridges

by
Enshi Jia
1,
Yuheng Chen
2,
Shuxia Ren
3,
Mingcai Xu
2,*,
Jin Pan
4 and
Hai Fang
1
1
College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210037, China
2
School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
3
Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute, Shanghai 201210, China
4
School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Energy Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430062, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(8), 1573; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081573 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 26 June 2025 / Revised: 31 July 2025 / Accepted: 8 August 2025 / Published: 16 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This study employs a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) collision-modeling approach to investigate the hydrodynamic effects on impact forces during collisions involving ships and bridges. The influences of the collision speed, the mass of the ship, and the water-flow velocity on the impact force are investigated. The constant added-mass (CAM) method is a widely employed technique in relevant studies to account for water influence due to its efficiency in conserving computational resources and reducing analysis time. This method is also employed in numerical simulations for comparative analysis. The impact force and dynamical response of a container ship using the FSI and CAM methods are investigated to determine whether the CAM method is suitable for considering the influence of the water surrounding the ship. The impact forces assessed by numerical simulations are also compared with the existing formulae. It is found that the water flow significantly affects the collision force, which must be taken into account in high-energy collision situations.
Keywords: fluid–structure interaction collision modeling; ship; impact force; constant added-mass method fluid–structure interaction collision modeling; ship; impact force; constant added-mass method

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MDPI and ACS Style

Jia, E.; Chen, Y.; Ren, S.; Xu, M.; Pan, J.; Fang, H. Study on the Influence of Fluid Fields on the Impact Force of Ships Colliding with Bridges. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13, 1573. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081573

AMA Style

Jia E, Chen Y, Ren S, Xu M, Pan J, Fang H. Study on the Influence of Fluid Fields on the Impact Force of Ships Colliding with Bridges. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2025; 13(8):1573. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081573

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jia, Enshi, Yuheng Chen, Shuxia Ren, Mingcai Xu, Jin Pan, and Hai Fang. 2025. "Study on the Influence of Fluid Fields on the Impact Force of Ships Colliding with Bridges" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 8: 1573. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081573

APA Style

Jia, E., Chen, Y., Ren, S., Xu, M., Pan, J., & Fang, H. (2025). Study on the Influence of Fluid Fields on the Impact Force of Ships Colliding with Bridges. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 13(8), 1573. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081573

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