Design and Performance Evaluation of an Enclosed Inertial Wave Energy Converter with a Nonlinear Stiffness Mechanism
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Schematic Design and Modeling
2.1. Schematic Design
2.2. Mathematical Modeling
2.3. Software Application and Configuration
2.4. Validation of the Time-Domain Model
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Mechanical Property Analysis of NSM
3.1.1. Structural Parameters
3.1.2. Magnetic Force and Stiffness of NSM
3.2. Effect of Nonlinear Stiffness Mechanism (NSM)
3.2.1. Motion Response Analysis
3.2.2. Output Power Analysis
3.3. Effect of Mass Body and Linear Spring
3.4. Influence of Hydraulic PTO Parameters
3.4.1. Effect of Pre-Charged Pressure of Accumulator
3.4.2. Effect of the Initial Gas Volume of the Accumulator
3.4.3. Effect of Diameter of Throttle Valve
3.4.4. Effect of Displacement of the Hydraulic Motor and Load Resistance
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- Compared to linear EIWEC, the introduction of NSM increased the motion response of nonlinear EIWEC. The large amplitude relative motion provided favorable conditions for energy conversion.
- (2)
- The nonlinear negative stiffness property of the NSM reduced the intrinsic frequency and broadened the frequency bandwidth of the EIWEC. The effective frequency band shifted to a lower frequency range, and the output power of the nonlinear EIWEC was considerably enhanced.
- (3)
- Within the typical wave frequency range, the output power of the nonlinear EIWEC is insensitive to changes in the wave frequencies and linear spring stiffness. This not only increases the robustness of the system but also reduces the design difficulty of the linear spring.
- (4)
- Increasing the mass of the internal mass body and decreasing the stiffness of the linear spring will have a positive effect on enhancing the power performance of the system.
- (5)
- Choosing an accumulator with lower pre-charged pressure and larger gas initial volume can fully absorb the pressure and flow pulsations in the hydraulic PTO system, which is favorable to the smooth power output.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Parameter | Symbol | Value |
---|---|---|
Inner diameter of inner magnetic rings (m) | 0.2 | |
External diameter of inner magnetic rings (m) | 0.5 | |
Inner diameter of outer magnetic rings (m) | 0.6 | |
External diameter of outer magnetic rings (m) | 1.0 | |
Center angle of attractive magnet ( | 18 | |
Center angle of repulsive magnet ( | 90° | 72 |
Height difference between attractive and repulsive magnets (m) | 0.08 | |
Height of inner magnetic ring (m) | 0.15 | |
Permeability of vacuum (H/m) | ||
Residual magnetic flux density (T) | 1.25 |
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Qin, J.; Zhang, Z.; Song, X.; Huang, S.; Liu, Y.; Xue, G. Design and Performance Evaluation of an Enclosed Inertial Wave Energy Converter with a Nonlinear Stiffness Mechanism. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12, 191. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12010191
Qin J, Zhang Z, Song X, Huang S, Liu Y, Xue G. Design and Performance Evaluation of an Enclosed Inertial Wave Energy Converter with a Nonlinear Stiffness Mechanism. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2024; 12(1):191. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12010191
Chicago/Turabian StyleQin, Jian, Zhenquan Zhang, Xuening Song, Shuting Huang, Yanjun Liu, and Gang Xue. 2024. "Design and Performance Evaluation of an Enclosed Inertial Wave Energy Converter with a Nonlinear Stiffness Mechanism" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 1: 191. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12010191