Co-Morbidities and Sex Differences in Long-Term Quality-of-Life Outcomes among Patients with and without Diabetes after Total Knee Replacement: Five-Year Data from Registry Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Data Source and Study Population
2.2. Quality-of-Life Measurements
2.3. Diabetes Classification
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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No Diabetes | Diabetes | p-Value for Difference | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | ||
Demographics | 1234 | 79.46 | 319 | 20.54 | |
Age (SD) | 69.90 | 8.73 | 70.67 | 7.74 | 0.149 |
Female | 838 | 67.96 | 209 | 65.31 | 0.416 |
Smoking status | 0.321 | ||||
No | 840 | 68.05 | 225 | 70.53 | |
Ex | 303 | 24.57 | 78 | 24.45 | |
Yes | 91 | 7.38 | 16 | 5.02 | |
SEIFA | 0.400 | ||||
1–5 | 453 | 36.71 | 109 | 34.17 | |
6–10 | 781 | 63.29 | 210 | 65.83 | |
Rurality | 0.093 | ||||
Metropolitan | 1015 | 82.24 | 275 | 86.21 | |
Regional | 219 | 17.76 | 44 | 13.79 | |
Clinical characteristics | |||||
BMI | <0.001 | ||||
<30 | 449 | 36.39 | 64 | 20.06 | |
30–35 | 406 | 32.9 | 104 | 32.6 | |
35–40 | 238 | 19.29 | 104 | 32.6 | |
40+ | 141 | 11.43 | 47 | 14.73 | |
Aetiology | 0.067 | ||||
Osteoarthritis | 1148 | 93.03 | 308 | 96.55 | |
Other * | 86 | 7.97 | 11 | 3.44 | |
Kellgren and Lawrence score † | 0.677 | ||||
≤3 | 597 | 48.54 | 159 | 49.84 | |
4 | 633 | 51.46 | 160 | 50.16 | |
Bilateral surgery | 196 | 15.88 | 52 | 16.3 | 0.856 |
Reported co-morbid conditions | |||||
Cancer | 108 | 8.75 | 20 | 6.27 | 0.151 |
Cardiovascular | 984 | 79.74 | 297 | 93.1 | <0.001 |
Respiratory | 225 | 18.23 | 57 | 17.87 | 0.88 |
Mental health disorder | 223 | 18.07 | 71 | 22.26 | 0.089 |
Pre-operative status | |||||
ASA | <0.001 | ||||
1/2 | 773 | 62.64 | 128 | 40.13 | |
3/4 | 461 | 37.36 | 191 | 59.87 | |
Patient-reported QoL (SD) | 0.57 | 0.11 | 0.56 | 0.11 | 0.138 |
Description | All | Female | Male | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coef. | 95%CI | p-Value | Coef. | 95%CI | p-Value | Coef. | 95%CI | p-Value | ||||
Year since surgery | ||||||||||||
1 | 0.164 | 0.155 | 0.172 | <0.001 | 0.161 | 0.151 | 0.172 | <0.001 | 0.168 | 0.153 | 0.184 | <0.001 |
2 | 0.161 | 0.152 | 0.170 | <0.001 | 0.159 | 0.148 | 0.170 | <0.001 | 0.164 | 0.147 | 0.180 | <0.001 |
3 | 0.152 | 0.143 | 0.161 | <0.001 | 0.152 | 0.141 | 0.162 | <0.001 | 0.152 | 0.136 | 0.169 | <0.001 |
4 | 0.139 | 0.129 | 0.148 | <0.001 | 0.140 | 0.129 | 0.151 | <0.001 | 0.136 | 0.119 | 0.153 | <0.001 |
5 | 0.132 | 0.123 | 0.142 | <0.001 | 0.134 | 0.123 | 0.146 | <0.001 | 0.127 | 0.109 | 0.145 | <0.001 |
Diabetes | −0.003 | −0.017 | 0.010 | 0.655 | −0.002 | −0.018 | 0.014 | 0.792 | −0.004 | −0.029 | 0.020 | 0.719 |
Diabetes × year interaction | ||||||||||||
1#Diabetes | −0.024 | −0.043 | −0.005 | 0.015 | −0.017 | −0.041 | 0.007 | 0.159 | −0.037 | −0.071 | −0.003 | 0.031 |
2#Diabetes | −0.036 | −0.056 | −0.017 | <0.001 | −0.044 | −0.068 | −0.020 | <0.001 | −0.024 | −0.059 | 0.011 | 0.186 |
3#Diabetes | −0.028 | −0.048 | −0.008 | 0.006 | −0.033 | −0.058 | −0.009 | 0.007 | −0.018 | −0.053 | 0.018 | 0.321 |
4#Diabetes | −0.034 | −0.055 | −0.013 | 0.001 | −0.041 | −0.066 | −0.016 | 0.001 | −0.021 | −0.057 | 0.016 | 0.262 |
5#Diabetes | −0.026 | −0.047 | −0.005 | 0.016 | −0.038 | −0.063 | −0.013 | 0.003 | −0.003 | −0.041 | 0.035 | 0.892 |
Female | −0.030 | −0.040 | −0.020 | <0.001 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Respiratory | −0.020 | −0.032 | −0.008 | 0.001 | −0.018 | −0.032 | −0.004 | 0.014 | −0.026 | −0.049 | −0.002 | 0.031 |
Mental health disorder | −0.040 | −0.052 | −0.028 | <0.001 | −0.034 | −0.048 | −0.020 | <0.001 | −0.053 | −0.076 | −0.030 | <0.001 |
ASA | ||||||||||||
1/2 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||||
3/4 | −0.028 | −0.037 | −0.018 | <0.001 | −0.028 | −0.039 | −0.016 | <0.001 | −0.026 | −0.044 | −0.009 | 0.004 |
Rurality | ||||||||||||
Metropolitan | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||||
Rural | 0.031 | 0.018 | 0.043 | <0.001 | 0.030 | 0.014 | 0.046 | <0.001 | 0.032 | 0.012 | 0.053 | 0.002 |
Aetiology | ||||||||||||
Osteoarthritis | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||||
Other* | −0.030 | −0.049 | −0.011 | 0.002 | −0.020 | −0.042 | 0.003 | 0.083 | −0.055 | −0.093 | −0.017 | 0.005 |
Constant | 0.601 | 0.578 | 0.623 | <0.001 | 0.571 | 0.562 | 0.581 | <0.001 | 0.607 | 0.592 | 0.621 | <0.001 |
Random effect | ||||||||||||
Residual standard deviation at each time point (SE) | ||||||||||||
0 | 0.108 | 0.002 | - | - | 0.105 | 0.002 | - | - | 0.115 | 0.004 | - | - |
1 | 0.148 | 0.003 | - | - | 0.147 | 0.003 | - | - | 0.150 | 0.005 | - | - |
2 | 0.152 | 0.003 | - | - | 0.150 | 0.003 | - | - | 0.156 | 0.005 | - | - |
3 | 0.153 | 0.003 | - | - | 0.152 | 0.003 | - | - | 0.155 | 0.005 | - | - |
4 | 0.151 | 0.003 | - | - | 0.150 | 0.003 | - | - | 0.154 | 0.005 | - | - |
5 | 0.152 | 0.003 | - | - | 0.150 | 0.003 | - | - | 0.156 | 0.005 | - | - |
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Tew, M.; Dowsey, M.M.; Choong, A.; Choong, P.F.; Clarke, P. Co-Morbidities and Sex Differences in Long-Term Quality-of-Life Outcomes among Patients with and without Diabetes after Total Knee Replacement: Five-Year Data from Registry Study. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010019
Tew M, Dowsey MM, Choong A, Choong PF, Clarke P. Co-Morbidities and Sex Differences in Long-Term Quality-of-Life Outcomes among Patients with and without Diabetes after Total Knee Replacement: Five-Year Data from Registry Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(1):19. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010019
Chicago/Turabian StyleTew, Michelle, Michelle M. Dowsey, Annabelle Choong, Peter F. Choong, and Philip Clarke. 2020. "Co-Morbidities and Sex Differences in Long-Term Quality-of-Life Outcomes among Patients with and without Diabetes after Total Knee Replacement: Five-Year Data from Registry Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 1: 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010019