NLRP3 Inflammasome and Pathobiology in AMD
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Role in AMD
3. Effects of IL-1β and IL-18 on RPE in AMD
4. RPE Cell Death in AMD
Characteristics | Apoptosis | Pyroptosis | Necrosis | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Morphology | Cell lysis | NO | YES | YES |
Cell swelling | NO | YES | YES | |
Pore formation | NO | YES | YES | |
Membrane blebbing | YES | NO | NO | |
DNA fragmentation | YES | YES | YES | |
Mechanism | Caspase-1 | NO | YES | NO |
Caspase-3 | YES | NO | NO | |
Cytochrome-c release | YES | NO | NO | |
Outcome | Inflammation | NO | YES | YES |
Programmed cell death | YES | YES | NO |
5. Role of Autophagy in Inflammasome Regulation in AMD
6. Discussion
7. Conclusions
- The NLRP3 inflammasome appears to play a central role in both atrophic and neovascular AMD.
- Mature IL-18 and IL-1β can be produced by both the RPE and systemic/resident myeloid derived cells, however whether mature cytokines can induce RPE specific apoptosis is still unclear.
- A robust elucidation of the role played by the NLRP3 inflammasome in atrophic and neovascular AMD may lead to potential strategies to treat both clinical forms of the condition.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Celkova, L.; Doyle, S.L.; Campbell, M. NLRP3 Inflammasome and Pathobiology in AMD. J. Clin. Med. 2015, 4, 172-192. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm4010172
Celkova L, Doyle SL, Campbell M. NLRP3 Inflammasome and Pathobiology in AMD. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2015; 4(1):172-192. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm4010172
Chicago/Turabian StyleCelkova, Lucia, Sarah L. Doyle, and Matthew Campbell. 2015. "NLRP3 Inflammasome and Pathobiology in AMD" Journal of Clinical Medicine 4, no. 1: 172-192. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm4010172