Management of Anorexia–Cachexia Syndrome in a Community Palliative Care Support Team
Abstract
1. Introduction and Objectives
2. Material and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics
3.2. Prevalence of Anorexia–Cachexia Syndrome
3.3. Multivariate Analysis of Factors Associated with Weight Loss and Anorexia
3.4. Univariate Analyses
4. Discussion
5. Limitations of This Study
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sex | n | % |
Female | 67 | 52.3 |
Male | 61 | 47.7 |
Main pathology | n | % |
Dementia | 19 | 14.8 |
Heart failure | 18 | 14.1 |
Oncologic disease | 61 | 47.7 |
Frailty | 30 | 23.5 |
Average ± SD | ||
Age at admission | 82.7 ± 14.4 | |
Age of death | 82.5 ± 14.4 |
Weight Loss > 5% | Adjusted Odd Ratios | 95% Confidence Interval | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Gender—Male | 0.061 | 0.004–1.031 | 0.53 |
MNA first | 3.797 | 1.473–9.788 | 0.006 |
MNA first week plus medicine | 0.282 | 0.120–0.660 | 0.004 |
NGT or PEG | 7.418 | 1.506–36.525 | 0.014 |
Anorexia After | Adjusted Odd Ratios | 95% Confidence Interval | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
PPS first/initial | 0.069 | 0.031–0.107 | <0.001 |
MNA first week plus medicine | −0.404 | −0.517–−0.290 | <0.001 |
Psychology | −1.578 | −2.640–−0.517 | 0.04 |
NGT or PEG | −0.890 | −1.555–−0.224 | 0.009 |
Initial Weight (A ± SD) | Weight Loss (A ± SD) | Initial Fatigue (A ± SD) | Final Fatigue (A ± SD) | Initial Anorexia (A ± SD) | Final Anorexia (A ± SD) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients without dysphagia | 59.62 ± 10.45 | 4.43% ± 4.61% | 6.39 ± 1.56 | 5.31 ± 1.62 | 5.31 ± 2.14 | 3.08 ± 2.07 |
Patients with dysphagia | 65.31 ± 12.24 | 9.95% ± 6.8% | 5.94 ± 1.55 | 5.90 ± 2.42 | 5.52 ± 1.82 | 4.54 ± 3.23 |
p | 0.027 | 0.002 | 0.085 | 0.042 | 0.136 | 0.047 |
Patients without NGT/PEG | 62.61 ± 12.88 | 5.62% ± 6.37% | 5.87 ± 1.35 | 5.95 ± 1.8 | 4.88 ± 2.38 | 3.94 ± 2.83 |
Patients with NGT/PEG | 61.13 ± 10.4 | 11.28% ± 5.94% | 5.7 ± 1.75 | 4.90 ± 2.36 | 5.84 ± 1.17 | 3.16 ± 2.73 |
p | 0.678 | 0.005 | 0.791 | 0.038 | 0.092 | 0.291 |
Patients without change in taste | 62.28 ± 11.84 | 4.98% ± 5.7% | 6.06 ± 1.66 | 5.31 ± 2.06 | 5.22 ± 2.11 | 3.45 ± 2.6 |
Patients with change in taste | 62.35 ± 11.2 | 10.27%± 5.71% | 6.58 ± 1.25 | 6.24 ± 1.71 | 5.88 ± 1.63 | 4.3 ± 2.9 |
p | 0.496 | 0.002 | 0.251 | 0.030 | 0.229 | 0.183 |
Patients without xerostomia | 62.64 ± 11.41 | 5.02% ± 5.23% | 6.16 ± 1.61 | 5.17 ± 1.83 | 5.43 ± 2.05 | 3.06 ± 2.08 |
Patients with xerostomia | 61.74 ± 12.1 | 9.66% ± 6.77% | 6.25 ± 1.53 | 6.08 ± 2.13 | 5.35 ± 1.97 | 4.52 ± 3.18 |
p | 0.739 | 0.012 | 0.755 | 0.009 | 0.593 | 0.034 |
Initial PPS (A ± SD) | PPS After 1 Week (A ± SD) | |
---|---|---|
Initial weight | −0.035 | −0.269 |
Final weight | −0.281 | −0.262 |
BMI | 0.093 | −0.160 |
Initial fatigue | −0.201 | −0.312 |
Final fatigue | 0.132 | −0.252 |
Initial anorexia | −0.285 | −0.161 |
Final anorexia | 0.155 | −0.050 |
Without change in taste | 25.16 ± 12.5 | 12.33 ± 6.19 |
With change in taste | 29.39 ± 12.98 | 12.73 ± 5.74 |
p | 0.023 | 0.493 |
Without xerostomia | 23 ± 9.53 | 11.3 ± 4.17 |
With xerostomia | 30.56 ± 14.97 | 13.89 ± 7.63 |
p | 0.001 | 0.020 |
Initial MNA | Final MNA | |
---|---|---|
Initial weight | 0.271 | 0.181 |
Final weight | 0.261 | 0.436 |
Weight loss | −0.001 | −0.415 |
Initial BMI | 0.474 | 0.261 |
Final BMI | 0.534 | 0.636 |
Initial fatigue | −0.211 | −0.340 |
Final fatigue | −0.101 | −0.337 |
Initial anorexia | −0.423 | −0.365 |
Final anorexia | −0.320 | −0.467 |
Initial MNA (A ± SD) | MNA After 1 Week (A ± SD) | |
---|---|---|
Dementia | 22.11 ± 4.28 | 19.42 ± 5.71 |
Heart failure | 21.88 ± 3.33 | 19.35 ± 4.66 |
Oncological disease | 22.66 ± 3.34 | 17.10 ± 3.99 |
Frailty | 20.04 ± 4.02 | 16.30 ± 3.96 |
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Saura, I.; Silva, J.B.; Cunha, D.; Ramos, I.; Semedo, V.; Andrade, J.P.; Dourado, M.; Ribeiro, H. Management of Anorexia–Cachexia Syndrome in a Community Palliative Care Support Team. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 6167. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14176167
Saura I, Silva JB, Cunha D, Ramos I, Semedo V, Andrade JP, Dourado M, Ribeiro H. Management of Anorexia–Cachexia Syndrome in a Community Palliative Care Support Team. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(17):6167. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14176167
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaura, Inês, Joana Brandão Silva, Daniela Cunha, Iliana Ramos, Valéria Semedo, José Paulo Andrade, Marília Dourado, and Hugo Ribeiro. 2025. "Management of Anorexia–Cachexia Syndrome in a Community Palliative Care Support Team" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 17: 6167. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14176167
APA StyleSaura, I., Silva, J. B., Cunha, D., Ramos, I., Semedo, V., Andrade, J. P., Dourado, M., & Ribeiro, H. (2025). Management of Anorexia–Cachexia Syndrome in a Community Palliative Care Support Team. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(17), 6167. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14176167