Implications of Serum IgG4 Levels for Pancreatobiliary Disorders and Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Source
2.2. Subjects
Definition of Pancreatobiliary Disorders
2.3. The Associations between Serum IgG4 Levels and the Risk of Different Outcomes by Propensity Score Matching
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographics and Characteristics of Study Subjects
3.2. Risk of Cancer Associated with Serum Level of IgG4
3.3. Odds of Pancreatitis Associated with Serum Level of IgG4
3.4. Serum IgG4 Level >140 mg/dL in Different Pancreatobiliary Patient Groups after Propensity Score Matching
3.5. The Association of Higher Serum IgG4 Level >280 mg/dL with Pancreatic and Biliary Diseases
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Non-Cancer (N = 3481) | Cancer 2 (N = 339) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | p-Value | |
Sex | <0.0001 | ||||
Female | 1340 | 38.50 | 196 | 57.82 | |
Male | 2141 | 61.51 | 143 | 42.18 | |
Age (years) | <0.0001 | ||||
0–39 | 776 | 22.29 | 16 | 4.72 | |
40–59 | 1390 | 39.93 | 110 | 32.45 | |
60–79 | 1146 | 32.92 | 173 | 51.03 | |
>79 | 169 | 4.86 | 40 | 11.80 | |
Mean, (SD) 1 | 53.3 | (16.69) | 63.81 | (14.19) | <0.0001 |
IgG4 value (mg/dL) | 0.048 | ||||
≤140 | 2793 | 80.24 | 254 | 74.93 | |
141–280 | 449 | 12.90 | 52 | 15.34 | |
>280 | 239 | 6.87 | 33 | 9.73 | |
Mean, (SD) 1 | 118.5 | (223) | 173.95 | (483.31) | 0.038 |
Non-Cancer | Cancer 1 | Crude | Adjusted | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | N | % | N | % | cOR (95% CI) | p-Value | aOR † (95% CI) | p-Value | ||
IgG4 value (mg/dL) | ||||||||||
≤140 | 2793 | 80.24 | 254 | 74.93 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
141–280 | 449 | 12.90 | 52 | 15.34 | 1.27 | (0.93, 1.74) | 0.13 | 1.20 | (0.87, 1.66) | 0.26 |
>280 | 239 | 6.87 | 33 | 9.73 | 1.52 | (1.03, 2.23) * | 0.03 | 1.17 | (0.78, 1.73) | 0.45 |
Non-Pancreatitis | Pancreatitis | Crude | Adjusted | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | N | % | N | % | cOR (95% CI) | p-Value | aOR † (95% CI) | p-Value | ||
IgG4 value (mg/dL) | ||||||||||
≤140 | 2525 | 80.06 | 522 | 78.38 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
141–280 | 421 | 13.35 | 80 | 12.01 | 0.92 | (0.71, 1.19) | 0.52 | 0.85 | (0.66, 1.11) | 0.24 |
>280 | 208 | 6.59 | 64 | 9.61 | 1.49 | (1.11, 2.00) ** | 0.008 | 1.21 | (0.89, 1.64) | 0.23 |
Non-Outcome | Outcome | Crude | Adjusted | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | N | % | N | % | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | OR † (95% CI) | p-Value | ||
Cancer | ||||||||||
IgG4 value (mg/dL) | ||||||||||
≤140 | 686 | 50.48 | 73 | 45.91 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>140 | 673 | 49.52 | 86 | 54.09 | 1.20 | (0.86, 1.67) | 0.276 | 1.21 | (0.86, 1.69) | 0.266 |
Sex | ||||||||||
Female | 632 | 46.50 | 42 | 26.42 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
Male | 727 | 53.50 | 117 | 73.58 | 2.42 | (1.68, 3.50) *** | <0.001 | 2.09 | (1.44, 3.05) *** | <0.001 |
Age (years) | ||||||||||
18–50 | 492 | 36.20 | 16 | 10.06 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
51–64 | 400 | 29.43 | 62 | 38.99 | 4.77 | (2.71, 8.39) *** | <0.001 | 4.50 | (2.55, 7.95) *** | <0.001 |
65–92 | 467 | 34.36 | 81 | 50.94 | 5.33 | (3.07, 9.25) *** | <0.001 | 4.65 | (2.67, 8.11) *** | <0.001 |
Cholangitis | ||||||||||
IgG4 value (mg/dL) | ||||||||||
≤140 | 660 | 50.23 | 99 | 48.53 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>140 | 654 | 49.77 | 105 | 51.47 | 1.07 | (0.80, 1.44) | 0.652 | 1.07 | (0.79, 1.45) | 0.644 |
Sex | ||||||||||
Female | 618 | 47.03 | 56 | 27.45 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
Male | 696 | 52.97 | 148 | 72.55 | 2.35 | (1.69, 3.25) *** | <0.001 | 2.01 | (1.44, 2.80) *** | <0.001 |
Age (years) | ||||||||||
18–50 | 480 | 36.53 | 28 | 13.73 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
51–64 | 395 | 30.06 | 67 | 32.84 | 2.91 | (1.83, 4.61) *** | <0.001 | 2.73 | (1.72, 4.34) *** | <0.001 |
65–92 | 439 | 33.41 | 109 | 53.43 | 4.26 | (2.76, 6.58) *** | <0.001 | 3.71 | (2.39, 5.77) *** | <0.001 |
Cholangiocarcinoma | ||||||||||
IgG4 value (mg/dL) | ||||||||||
≤140 | 704 | 50.32 | 55 | 46.22 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>140 | 695 | 49.68 | 64 | 53.78 | 1.18 | (0.81, 1.72) | 0.391 | 1.18 | (0.81, 1.73) | 0.383 |
Sex | ||||||||||
Female | 640 | 45.75 | 34 | 28.57 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
Male | 759 | 54.25 | 85 | 71.43 | 2.11 | (1.40, 3.18) *** | <0.001 | 1.78 | (1.17, 2.72) ** | 0.007 |
Age (years) | ||||||||||
18–50 | 498 | 35.6 | 10 | 8.4 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
51–64 | 415 | 29.66 | 47 | 39.5 | 5.64 | (2.82, 11.30) *** | <0.001 | 5.33 | (2.66, 10.71) *** | <0.001 |
65–92 | 486 | 34.74 | 62 | 52.1 | 6.35 | (3.22, 12.53) *** | <0.001 | 5.62 | (2.84, 11.15) *** | <0.001 |
Pancreatitis | ||||||||||
IgG4 value (mg/dL) | ||||||||||
≤140 | 595 | 49.17 | 164 | 53.25 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>140 | 615 | 50.83 | 144 | 46.75 | 0.85 | (0.66, 1.09) | 0.202 | 0.84 | (0.65, 1.09) | 0.193 |
Sex | ||||||||||
Female | 593 | 49.01 | 81 | 26.30 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
Male | 617 | 50.99 | 227 | 73.70 | 2.69 | (2.04, 3.56) *** | <0.001 | 2.50 | (1.89, 3.32) *** | <0.001 |
Age (years) | ||||||||||
18–50 | 430 | 35.54 | 78 | 25.32 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
51–64 | 366 | 30.25 | 96 | 31.17 | 1.45 | (1.04, 2.01) * | 0.028 | 1.33 | (0.95, 1.86) | 0.096 |
65–92 | 414 | 34.21 | 134 | 43.51 | 1.78 | (1.31, 2.43) *** | <0.001 | 1.49 | (1.08, 2.05) * | 0.014 |
Pancreatic cancer | ||||||||||
IgG4 value (mg/dL) | ||||||||||
≤140 | 732 | 50.10 | 27 | 47.37 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>140 | 729 | 49.90 | 30 | 52.63 | 1.12 | (0.66,1.90) | 0.686 | 1.12 | (0.66,1.91) | 0.683 |
Sex | ||||||||||
Female | 662 | 45.31 | 12 | 21.05 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
Male | 799 | 54.69 | 45 | 78.95 | 3.11 | (1.63, 5.92) *** | <0.001 | 2.72 | (1.41, 5.23) ** | 0.003 |
Age (years) | ||||||||||
18–50 | 501 | 34.29 | 7 | 12.28 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
51–64 | 438 | 29.98 | 24 | 42.11 | 3.92 | (1.67, 9.19) ** | 0.002 | 3.54 | (1.50, 8.34) ** | 0.004 |
65–92 | 522 | 35.73 | 26 | 45.61 | 3.56 | (1.53, 8.29) ** | 0.003 | 2.90 | (1.24, 6.79) * | 0.014 |
Ampullary cancer | ||||||||||
IgG4 value (mg/dL) | ||||||||||
≤140 | 750 | 50.00 | 9 | 50.00 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>140 | 750 | 50.00 | 9 | 50.00 | 1.00 | (0.39, 2.53) | 1 | 1.00 | (0.39, 2.54) | 1 |
Sex | ||||||||||
Female | 668 | 44.53 | 6 | 33.33 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
Male | 832 | 55.47 | 12 | 66.67 | 1.61 | (0.60, 4.30) | 0.346 | 1.30 | (0.48, 3.53) | 0.612 |
Age (years) | ||||||||||
18–50 | 506 | 33.73 | 2 | 11.11 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
51–64 | 460 | 30.67 | 2 | 11.11 | 1.10 | (0.15, 7.84) | 0.924 | 1.12 | (0.16, 8.03) | 0.907 |
65–92 | 534 | 35.6 | 14 | 77.78 | 6.63 | (1.50, 29.33) * | 0.013 | 6.70 | (1.50, 30.02) * | 0.013 |
Non-Outcome | Outcome | Crude | Adjusted | Crude | Adjusted | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IgG4 Value (mg/dL) | N | % | N | % | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | OR † (95% CI) | p-Value | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | OR † (95% CI) | p-Value | ||||
Cancer | ||||||||||||||||
≤140 | 686 | 50.48 | 73 | 45.91 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - | ||||||
141–280 | 445 | 32.74 | 47 | 29.56 | 0.99 | (0.68, 1.46) | 0.970 | 1.09 | (0.74, 1.62) | 0.656 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>280 | 228 | 16.78 | 39 | 24.53 | 1.61 | (1.06, 2.44) * | 0.026 | 1.39 | (0.91, 2.13) | 0.128 | 1.62 | (1.03, 2.55) * | 0.037 | 1.20 | (0.75, 1.93) | 0.444 |
Cholangitis | ||||||||||||||||
≤140 | 660 | 50.23 | 99 | 48.53 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - | ||||||
141–280 | 436 | 33.18 | 56 | 27.45 | 0.86 | (0.60, 1.21) | 0.384 | 0.93 | (0.65, 1.33) | 0.691 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>280 | 218 | 16.59 | 49 | 24.02 | 1.50 | (1.03, 2.18) * | 0.035 | 1.31 | (0.89, 1.93) | 0.168 | 1.75 | (1.15, 2.65) ** | 0.008 | 1.40 | (0.91, 2.16) | 0.122 |
Cholangiocarcinoma | ||||||||||||||||
≤140 | 704 | 50.32 | 55 | 46.22 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - | ||||||
141–280 | 458 | 32.74 | 34 | 28.57 | 0.95 | (0.61, 1.48) | 0.821 | 1.04 | (0.66, 1.63) | 0.868 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>280 | 237 | 16.94 | 30 | 25.21 | 1.62 | (1.01, 2.59) * | 0.044 | 1.41 | (0.88, 2.28) | 0.157 | 1.71 | (1.02, 2.85) * | 0.042 | 1.31 | (0.77, 2.24) | 0.314 |
Pancreatitis | ||||||||||||||||
≤140 | 595 | 49.17 | 164 | 53.25 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - | ||||||
141–280 | 415 | 34.3 | 77 | 25 | 0.67 | (0.50, 0.91) ** | 0.009 | 0.71 | (0.52, 0.96) * | 0.027 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>280 | 200 | 16.53 | 67 | 21.75 | 1.22 | (0.88, 1.68) | 0.241 | 1.09 | (0.78, 1.52) | 0.614 | 1.81 | (1.25, 2.61) ** | 0.002 | 1.54 | (1.05, 2.25) * | 0.027 |
Pancreatic cancer | ||||||||||||||||
≤140 | 732 | 50.10 | 27 | 47.37 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - | ||||||
141–280 | 478 | 32.72 | 14 | 24.56 | 0.79 | (0.41, 1.53) | 0.491 | 0.87 | (0.45, 1.69) | 0.682 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>280 | 251 | 17.18 | 16 | 28.07 | 1.73 | (0.92, 3.26) | 0.091 | 1.49 | (0.78, 2.83) | 0.224 | 2.18 | (1.05, 4.53) * | 0.038 | 1.66 | (0.78, 3.52) | 0.187 |
Ampullary cancer | ||||||||||||||||
≤140 | 750 | 50.00 | 9 | 50.00 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - | ||||||
141–280 | 485 | 32.33 | 7 | 38.89 | 1.20 | (0.44, 3.25) | 0.716 | 1.31 | (0.48, 3.56) | 0.598 | 1.00 | (reference) | - | 1.00 | (reference) | - |
>280 | 265 | 17.67 | 2 | 11.11 | 0.63 | (0.14, 2.93) | 0.555 | 0.55 | (0.12, 2.57) | 0.444 | 0.52 | (0.11, 2.54) | 0.421 | 0.37 | (0.08, 1.82) | 0.221 |
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Tseng, C.-T.; Liao, Y.-J.; Lin, C.-L.; Peng, Y.-C. Implications of Serum IgG4 Levels for Pancreatobiliary Disorders and Cancer. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 3651. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13133651
Tseng C-T, Liao Y-J, Lin C-L, Peng Y-C. Implications of Serum IgG4 Levels for Pancreatobiliary Disorders and Cancer. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(13):3651. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13133651
Chicago/Turabian StyleTseng, Ching-Tang, Yi-Jun Liao, Cheng-Li Lin, and Yen-Chun Peng. 2024. "Implications of Serum IgG4 Levels for Pancreatobiliary Disorders and Cancer" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 13: 3651. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13133651
APA StyleTseng, C.-T., Liao, Y.-J., Lin, C.-L., & Peng, Y.-C. (2024). Implications of Serum IgG4 Levels for Pancreatobiliary Disorders and Cancer. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(13), 3651. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13133651