Colorectal Cancer: Current Updates and Future Perspectives

Marcellinaro, Rosa; Spoletini, Domenico; Grieco, Michele; Avella, Pasquale; Cappuccio, Micaela; Troiano, Raffaele; Lisi, Giorgio; Garbarino, Giovanni M.; Carlini, Massimo

doi:10.3390/jcm13010040

Open AccessReview

Colorectal Cancer: Current Updates and Future Perspectives

by

Rosa Marcellinaro

^1,*

,

Domenico Spoletini

¹,

Michele Grieco

¹,

Pasquale Avella

^2,3

,

Micaela Cappuccio

²

,

Raffaele Troiano

¹

,

Giorgio Lisi

¹,

Giovanni M. Garbarino

¹

and

Massimo Carlini

¹

Department of General Surgery, S. Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy

²

Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy

³

Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pineta Grande Hospital, Castel Volturno, 81030 Caserta, Italy

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(1), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010040

Submission received: 18 October 2023 / Revised: 12 December 2023 / Accepted: 18 December 2023 / Published: 21 December 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Surgical Researches: 2nd Edition)

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Abstract

Colorectal cancer is a frequent neoplasm in western countries, mainly due to dietary and behavioral factors. Its incidence is growing in developing countries for the westernization of foods and lifestyles. An increased incidence rate is observed in patients under 45 years of age. In recent years, the mortality for CRC is decreased, but this trend is slowing. The mortality rate is reducing in those countries where prevention and treatments have been implemented. The survival is increased to over 65%. This trend reflects earlier detection of CRC through routine clinical examinations and screening, more accurate staging through advances in imaging, improvements in surgical techniques, and advances in chemotherapy and radiation. The most important predictor of survival is the stage at diagnosis. The screening programs are able to reduce incidence and mortality rates of CRC. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of incidence, mortality, and survival rate for CRC.

Keywords: colorectal cancer; incidence; mortality; screening; survival

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MDPI and ACS Style

Marcellinaro, R.; Spoletini, D.; Grieco, M.; Avella, P.; Cappuccio, M.; Troiano, R.; Lisi, G.; Garbarino, G.M.; Carlini, M. Colorectal Cancer: Current Updates and Future Perspectives. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010040

AMA Style

Marcellinaro R, Spoletini D, Grieco M, Avella P, Cappuccio M, Troiano R, Lisi G, Garbarino GM, Carlini M. Colorectal Cancer: Current Updates and Future Perspectives. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(1):40. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010040

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcellinaro, Rosa, Domenico Spoletini, Michele Grieco, Pasquale Avella, Micaela Cappuccio, Raffaele Troiano, Giorgio Lisi, Giovanni M. Garbarino, and Massimo Carlini. 2024. "Colorectal Cancer: Current Updates and Future Perspectives" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 1: 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010040

APA Style

Marcellinaro, R., Spoletini, D., Grieco, M., Avella, P., Cappuccio, M., Troiano, R., Lisi, G., Garbarino, G. M., & Carlini, M. (2024). Colorectal Cancer: Current Updates and Future Perspectives. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010040

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Colorectal Cancer: Current Updates and Future Perspectives

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