Bone Morphogenic Protein and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Regenerate Bone in Calvarial Defects: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Eligibility Criteria
2.2. Information Sources and Search Strategy
2.3. Study Selection and Data Collection Process
2.4. Risk Bias Assessment
3. Results
3.1. Study Selection and Characteristics
3.2. Area of Bone Regeneration and Bone Quality among the Included Studies
3.2.1. Mice Models
3.2.2. Rat Models
4. Discussion
4.1. Clinical Implications of BMP-2 and Bone Regeneration
4.2. Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering
4.3. Role of MSCs in Bone Injury Healing
4.4. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Authors and Year | Animal Model and Age | MSCs Type | Transduction/Transfection Method | BMP Therapy Delivery Method | Diameter Size of the Defect | Approximate Number of Cells Seeded | BMP Therapy | BMP Dose | Type of Scaffold Used to Seed MSCs | Endpoints |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aquino-Martinez, R. et al., 2016 [6] | Six to eight-week-old GFP transgenic BALB/c mice | BMSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 5 mm | 3.5 × 105 | BMP-2 | 2 nM | Gelatin/CaSO4 scaffold | 5 Weeks |
Chuang, C.K. et al., 2010 [7] | Female immunocompetent Sprague-Dawley rats. 10 weeks | BMSCs | Baculovirus | Transduction | 8 mm | 5 × 106 | BMP-2 | Not reported | PLGA | 4 and 12 weeks |
Du, M. et al., 2017 [8] | Seven to eight-week-old, adult female Wistar rats | BMSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 8 mm | 4 × 104 | BMP-2 | 800 ng/mL | Acellular dermal matrix membrane | 1 and 2 weeks |
Gao, X. et al., 2014 [9]. | Eight-week-old Male CD-1 nude mice | BMSCs | Lentivirus | Transduction | 5 mm | 1.5 × 106 | BMP-2 | Not reported | Fibrin sealant | 1, 14, 28 and 42 days |
Gao, X. et al., 2022 [10] | Seven-weeks-old ICRSCID mice at | hMDSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 5 mm | 2 × 104 | BMP-2, 4, 6, 7, 9 | 50 ng/mL | Fibrin sealant | 1, 14, 28 and 42 days |
Gohil, S. V. et al., 2016 [11] | Col3.6Cyan (ECFP) mice | BMSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 3.5 mm | 3 × 106 cells/cm2 | rhBMP-2 | 2 ug | Chitosan thermogel | 4 and 8 weeks |
He, X. et al., 2014 [12] | Male SD rats at 8 weeks of age | BMSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 8 mm | 1 × 106 | BMP-2 | 200 ng/mL | Chitosan/alginate/hydroxyapatite | 12 weeks |
Hsieh, M. K. et al., 2018 [13] | Eight-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats | BMSCs | E. coli/TransIT-2020 | Transfection | 8 mm | 1 × 106/mL | BMP-2 | Not reported | Corning Matrigel basement membrane Matrix High Concentration | 12 weeks |
Jin, H. et al., 2014 [14] | Male Wistar rats | BMSCs | Cells in transfection media | Transfection | 5 mm | 2 × 105 | BMP-2 | Not reported | polyethylenimine–alginate (PEI–al) nanocomposite | 4 and 8 weeks |
Kong, Y. et al., 2019 [15] | Eight-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats | BMSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 5 mm | 5 × 105 | BMP-2 | 0.5 ± 0.02 μg/mL | Sodium alginate microcapsules and polylactic acid (PLLA) microspheres | 4 and 8 weeks |
Kuttappan, S. et al., 2018 [16] | Four to five-month-old male Wistar rats | ADSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 8 mm | 5 × 104 | BMP-2 | Not stated | Nanocomposite fibrous | 4 and 12 weeks |
Lee, J.H. et al., 2015 [17] | Male Sprague-Dawley rats | hADSCs | E. coli | Transfection | 8 mm | 2 × 103–2 × 104 | rhBMP-2 | Not reported | Collagen sponge | 2 and 6 weeks |
Li, L. et al., 2015 [18] | Female Sprague-Dawley rats | BMSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 8 mm | 2 × 104 | BMP-2 | 80 mg | Dexamethasone embedded PCE polymer | 4 and 12 weeks |
Park, S.H. et al., 2010 [19] | Male immunocompetent Sprague-Dawley rats. 6 weeks | BMSCs | rAd | Transduction | 8 mm | 5 × 105 | BMP-2 | Not reported | Matrigel matrix | 4 weeks |
Shao, N. et al., 2018 [20] | Six-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats | BMSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 5 mm | 5 × 104 | BMP-2 | 340–400 μg | Inorganic hydroxyapatite gel | 12 weeks |
Stephan, S.J. et al., 2010 [21] | Six to eight-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats | BMSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 8 mm | 0.3 × 106 | BMP-2 | 2 μg | Chitosan gel | 4 and 8 weeks |
Strecker, S. E. et al., 2019 [22] | Osterix-mCherry mice | BMSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 4 mm | 1.2 × 106 cells/cm2 | rhBMP-2 | 0.2 μg | Dextran-Dendrimer Hydrogel Nanocomposite | 4 and 8 weeks |
Subbiah, R. et al., 2015 [23] | Seven-week-old SD rats | UCMSCs | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 9 mm | 2.5 × 106 | BMP-2 | 392 ± 18 ng | PLGA NP and alginate microcapsules | 4 and 8 weeks |
Sun, K. et al., 2020 [24] | SCID mice. Age not specified | BMSCs | rAAV | Transduction | 5 mm | 1 × 107 | BMP-2 | Not reported | mGL hydrogel scaffold | 6 weeks |
Terella, A. et al., 2010 [25] | Albino male Sprague Dawley rats aged 10–11 weeks | Not specified | Embedded in scaffold | Embedded in scaffold | 8 mm | 1 × 107 | BMP-2 | 5–15 ng/80 uL | PEG-DA, and PEG-MMP | 1, 4 and 8 weeks |
Vila, O.F. et al., 2014 [26] | 10-week-old SCID mice | hADSCs | Lentivirus | Transduction | 3 mm | 0.2 × 106 | BMP-2 | Not reported | Fibrin matrix | 6 weeks |
Zhang, Y. et al., 2011 [27] | SCID mice. Age not specified | BMSCs | Adenovirus | Transduction | 3 mm | 1 × 106 | BMP-7 | Not reported | Silk fibroin | 4 weeks |
Zhou, C. et al., 2020 [28] | Two-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats | BMSCs | Lentivirus | Transduction | 5 mm | 2 × 106 cell/mL | BMP-9 | Not reported | P3HB4HB thermogel | 4 weeks |
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Torres-Guzman, R.A.; Avila, F.R.; Maita, K.C.; Garcia, J.P.; De Sario, G.D.; Borna, S.; Eldaly, A.S.; Quinones-Hinojosa, A.; Zubair, A.C.; Ho, O.A.; et al. Bone Morphogenic Protein and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Regenerate Bone in Calvarial Defects: A Systematic Review. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 4064. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064
Torres-Guzman RA, Avila FR, Maita KC, Garcia JP, De Sario GD, Borna S, Eldaly AS, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Zubair AC, Ho OA, et al. Bone Morphogenic Protein and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Regenerate Bone in Calvarial Defects: A Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023; 12(12):4064. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064
Chicago/Turabian StyleTorres-Guzman, Ricardo A., Francisco R. Avila, Karla C. Maita, John P. Garcia, Gioacchino D. De Sario, Sahar Borna, Abdullah S. Eldaly, Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa, Abba C. Zubair, Olivia A. Ho, and et al. 2023. "Bone Morphogenic Protein and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Regenerate Bone in Calvarial Defects: A Systematic Review" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 12: 4064. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12124064