ABO Incompatibility between the Mother and Fetus Does Not Protect against Anti-Human Platelet Antigen-1a Immunization by Pregnancy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients and Case Definitions
2.2. Work-Up of FNAIT Families
2.3. ABO Genotyping in FNAIT Cases (Mother and Newborn)
2.4. Flow Cytometric Measurement of A Antigens on Adult and Neonatal Platelets
2.5. Antibodies
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. ABO Phenotype Frequencies Do Not Differ between FNAIT Cases and Controls
3.2. ABO Incompatibility between the Mother and Fetus Does Not Protect against Anti-HPA-1a Immunization by Pregnancy
3.3. Maternal ABO Phenotypes Are Not Associated with FNAIT Severity
3.4. Maternal Gene Dose of the ABO*A1.01 Allele Is Not Associated with FNAIT Severity
3.5. Neonatal ABO Phenotypes Are Not Associated with FNAIT Severity
3.6. ABO Incompatibility between the Mother and Fetus Is Not Associated with FNAIT Severity
3.7. Blood Group A Antigens Are Weakly Expressed on Newborn Platelets but Strongly Expressed on Platelets of Some Newborns
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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ABO Phenotype | Cases (Mothers) (n = 118) | Cases (Neonates) (n = 118) | First Time Blood Donors (n = 45,295) |
---|---|---|---|
0 | 35% | 39% | 41% |
A | 47% | 44% | 42% |
B | 13% | 10% | 12% |
AB | 5% | 7% | 5% |
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Miserre, L.; Wienzek-Lischka, S.; Mann, A.; Cooper, N.; Santoso, S.; Ehrhardt, H.; Sachs, U.J.; Bein, G. ABO Incompatibility between the Mother and Fetus Does Not Protect against Anti-Human Platelet Antigen-1a Immunization by Pregnancy. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 6811. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226811
Miserre L, Wienzek-Lischka S, Mann A, Cooper N, Santoso S, Ehrhardt H, Sachs UJ, Bein G. ABO Incompatibility between the Mother and Fetus Does Not Protect against Anti-Human Platelet Antigen-1a Immunization by Pregnancy. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(22):6811. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226811
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiserre, Laila, Sandra Wienzek-Lischka, Andreas Mann, Nina Cooper, Sentot Santoso, Harald Ehrhardt, Ulrich J. Sachs, and Gregor Bein. 2022. "ABO Incompatibility between the Mother and Fetus Does Not Protect against Anti-Human Platelet Antigen-1a Immunization by Pregnancy" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 22: 6811. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226811