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Volume 11
Issue 19
10.3390/jcm11195637
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Review

Drivers of Radioresistance in Prostate Cancer

by
Liam King
1,2,
Nijole Bernaitis
1,
David Christie
1,3,4,
Russ Chess-Williams
4,
Donna Sellers
4,
Catherine McDermott
4,
Wendy Dare
2 and
Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie
1,*
1
School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
2
Ramsay Pharmacy Group, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
3
GenesisCare, Gold Coast, QLD 4224, Australia
4
Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD 4229, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(19), 5637; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195637
Submission received: 22 August 2022 / Revised: 15 September 2022 / Accepted: 22 September 2022 / Published: 24 September 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Drug Targets for Cancer Management)
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Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Radiotherapy remains one of the first-line treatments in localised disease and may be used as monotherapy or in combination with other treatments such as androgen deprivation therapy or radical prostatectomy. Despite advancements in delivery methods and techniques, radiotherapy has been unable to totally overcome radioresistance resulting in treatment failure or recurrence of previously treated PCa. Various factors have been linked to the development of tumour radioresistance including abnormal tumour vasculature, oxygen depletion, glucose and energy deprivation, changes in gene expression and proteome alterations. Understanding the biological mechanisms behind radioresistance is essential in the development of therapies that are able to produce both initial and sustained response to radiotherapy. This review will investigate the different biological mechanisms utilised by PCa tumours to drive radioresistance.
Keywords: prostate cancer; radiotherapy; treatment resistance prostate cancer; radiotherapy; treatment resistance

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MDPI and ACS Style

King, L.; Bernaitis, N.; Christie, D.; Chess-Williams, R.; Sellers, D.; McDermott, C.; Dare, W.; Anoopkumar-Dukie, S. Drivers of Radioresistance in Prostate Cancer. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 5637. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195637

AMA Style

King L, Bernaitis N, Christie D, Chess-Williams R, Sellers D, McDermott C, Dare W, Anoopkumar-Dukie S. Drivers of Radioresistance in Prostate Cancer. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(19):5637. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195637

Chicago/Turabian Style

King, Liam, Nijole Bernaitis, David Christie, Russ Chess-Williams, Donna Sellers, Catherine McDermott, Wendy Dare, and Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie. 2022. "Drivers of Radioresistance in Prostate Cancer" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 19: 5637. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195637

APA Style

King, L., Bernaitis, N., Christie, D., Chess-Williams, R., Sellers, D., McDermott, C., Dare, W., & Anoopkumar-Dukie, S. (2022). Drivers of Radioresistance in Prostate Cancer. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(19), 5637. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195637

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