Risk Factors of Infection, Hospitalization and Death from SARS-CoV-2: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Setting
2.2. Variables
2.3. Statistical Analysis
2.4. Ethical Aspects
3. Results
3.1. Cumulative Incidence by Population Characteristics
3.2. Predictive Factors for Infection, Hospitalization and Severe Outcomes
3.3. Assessing Priority Groups for Vaccination
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Infections | Sex- and Age-Adjusted Analysis | Fully Adjusted Analysis * | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Cases per 100,000 | RR | 95% CI | p Value | RR | 95% CI | p Value | |
Total | 35,387 | 5497 | ||||||
Sex | ||||||||
Female | 18,215 | 5609 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Male | 17,172 | 5383 | 0.95 | 0.93–0.97 | <0.001 | 0.98 | 0.96–1.00 | 0.078 |
Age, years | ||||||||
0–14 | 5625 | 5457 | 0.99 | 0.95–1.02 | 0.441 | 1.01 | 0.97–1.05 | 0.526 |
15–29 | 7640 | 7611 | 1.37 | 1.33–1.42 | <0.001 | 1.28 | 1.24–1.33 | <0.001 |
30–49 | 10,248 | 5544 | 1.00 | 0.97–1.03 | 0.976 | 0.96 | 0.93–0.99 | 0.017 |
50–59 | 5187 | 5541 | 1 | 1 | ||||
60–69 | 2986 | 4204 | 0.76 | 0.72–0.79 | <0.001 | 0.75 | 0.72–0.79 | <0.001 |
70–79 | 1899 | 3557 | 0.64 | 0.61–0.68 | <0.001 | 0.59 | 0.56–0.62 | <0.001 |
80+ | 1802 | 4818 | 0.86 | 0.82–0.91 | <0.001 | 0.64 | 0.59–0.68 | <0.001 |
Nursing home resident | 681 | 13,830 | 3.28 | 3.02–3.55 | <0.001 | 3.24 | 2.98–3.53 | <0.001 |
Healthcare worker | 692 | 6290 | 1.11 | 1.03–1.20 | 0.005 | 1.23 | 1.14–1.33 | <0.001 |
Place of birth | ||||||||
Spain | 26,779 | 4959 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Europe | 1049 | 4114 | 0.80 | 0.75–0.85 | <0.001 | 0.81 | 0.76–0.86 | <0.001 |
Latin America | 5738 | 11,175 | 2.11 | 2.04–2.17 | <0.001 | 2.08 | 2.01–2.14 | <0.001 |
North Africa | 1213 | 7586 | 1.45 | 1.36–1.53 | <0.001 | 1.44 | 1.36–1.53 | <0.001 |
Sub-Saharan Africa | 459 | 6387 | 1.23 | 1.13–1.35 | <0.001 | 1.21 | 1.10–1.32 | <0.001 |
Other | 149 | 3951 | 0.75 | 0.64–0.88 | 0.001 | 0.75 | 0.64–0.88 | 0.001 |
Place of residence | ||||||||
>50,000 inhabitants | 11,249 | 5548 | 1.06 | 1.03–1.09 | <0.001 | 1.01 | 0.99–1.04 | 0.355 |
5000–50,000 inhabitants | 12,711 | 5708 | 1.07 | 1.05–1.10 | <0.001 | 1.04 | 1.02–1.07 | 0.001 |
<5000 inhabitants | 11,427 | 5234 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Income level | ||||||||
Very low | 1734 | 6201 | 1.16 | 1.10–1.22 | <0.001 | 1.00 | 0.95–1.05 | 0.929 |
Low | 20,437 | 5760 | 1.10 | 1.08–1.13 | <0.001 | 0.99 | 0.97–1.02 | 0.521 |
Middle | 12,983 | 5064 | 1 | 1 | ||||
High | 233 | 5080 | 0.98 | 0.86–1.11 | 0.747 | 0.99 | 0.87–1.13 | 0.922 |
Smoking status | ||||||||
Never smoker | 3191 | 3884 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Current smoker | 6119 | 5788 | 0.63 | 0.60–0.66 | <0.001 | 0.67 | 0.64–0.70 | <0.001 |
Former smoker | 1235 | 5136 | 0.98 | 0.92–1.04 | 0.445 | 1.01 | 0.95–1.07 | 0.785 |
Unknown | 24,842 | 5752 | 0.88 | 0.85–0.90 | <0.001 | 0.87 | 0.85–0.90 | <0.001 |
Hospitalization in prior year | 1917 | 5718 | 1.13 | 1.08–1.18 | <0.001 | 1.09 | 1.04–1.14 | 0.001 |
Immunodeficiency | 267 | 5501 | 1.04 | 0.93–1.18 | 0.487 | 1.00 | 0.89–1.13 | 0.984 |
Diabetes | 1893 | 4992 | 1.14 | 1.08–1.19 | <0.001 | 1.06 | 1.01–1.11 | 0.024 |
Cardiovascular disease | 2736 | 5216 | 1.07 | 1.03–1.12 | 0.001 | 1.08 | 1.03–1.12 | <0.001 |
COPD | 1404 | 5074 | 1.04 | 0.99–1.10 | 0.112 | 1.10 | 1.04–1.16 | 0.001 |
Asthma | 2330 | 5535 | 0.97 | 0.93–1.01 | 0.162 | 1.00 | 0.96–1.04 | 0.969 |
Chronic kidney disease | 989 | 5130 | 1.16 | 1.08–1.24 | <0.001 | 1.11 | 1.04–1.19 | 0.002 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 470 | 4868 | 1.10 | 1.00–1.21 | 0.048 | 0.99 | 0.90–1.09 | 0.841 |
Liver cirrhosis | 632 | 5244 | 1.11 | 1.03–1.21 | 0.008 | 1.06 | 0.98–1.15 | 0.127 |
Dementia | 369 | 7420 | 1.72 | 1.54–1.92 | <0.001 | 1.25 | 1.11–1.40 | <0.001 |
Hematological malignancy | 110 | 4073 | 0.85 | 0.70–1.02 | 0.087 | 0.87 | 0.72–1.05 | 0.139 |
Non-hematological cancer | 1695 | 4363 | 0.96 | 0.91–1.01 | 0.090 | 0.98 | 0.93–1.03 | 0.454 |
Severe obesity | 527 | 6295 | 1.24 | 1.13–1.35 | <0.001 | 1.18 | 1.08–1.29 | <0.001 |
Hypertension | 4543 | 4666 | 1.07 | 1.03–1.12 | <0.001 | 1.05 | 1.01–1.09 | 0.013 |
Functional dependence | 339 | 7399 | 1.65 | 1.48–1.85 | <0.001 | 1.22 | 1.08–1.38 | 0.001 |
Hospitalizations | Sex- and Age-Adjusted Analysis | Fully Adjusted Analysis * | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Cases per 100,000 | RR | 95% CI | p Value | RR | 95% CI | p Value | |
Total | 2080 | 323 | ||||||
Sex | ||||||||
Female | 1000 | 308 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Male | 1080 | 339 | 1.27 | 1.16–1.38 | <0.001 | 1.32 | 1.21–1.45 | <0.001 |
Age, years | ||||||||
0–14 | 24 | 23 | 0.06 | 0.04–0.09 | <0.001 | 0.07 | 0.04–0.10 | <0.001 |
15–29 | 48 | 48 | 0.12 | 0.09–0.17 | <0.001 | 0.11 | 0.08–0.15 | <0.001 |
30–49 | 368 | 199 | 0.51 | 0.44–0.59 | <0.001 | 0.48 | 0.41–0.55 | <0.001 |
50–59 | 365 | 390 | 1 | 1 | ||||
60–69 | 353 | 497 | 1.28 | 1.10–1.48 | 0.001 | 1.25 | 1.07–1.45 | 0.004 |
70–79 | 365 | 684 | 1.77 | 1.53–2.05 | <0.001 | 1.49 | 1.27–1.75 | <0.001 |
80+ | 557 | 1489 | 3.95 | 3.46–4.51 | <0.001 | 2.42 | 2.04–2.87 | <0.001 |
Nursing home resident | 162 | 3290 | 3.56 | 3.00–4.22 | <0.001 | 3.23 | 2.69–3.88 | <0.001 |
Healthcare worker | 22 | 200 | 0.76 | 0.50–1.16 | 0.199 | 0.98 | 0.64–1.51 | 0.936 |
Place of birth | ||||||||
Spain | 1640 | 304 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Europe | 62 | 243 | 1.30 | 1.01–1.69 | 0.043 | 1.27 | 0.98–1.64 | 0.075 |
Latin America | 296 | 576 | 3.70 | 3.24–4.23 | <0.001 | 3.47 | 3.02–3.99 | <0.001 |
North Africa | 53 | 331 | 2.22 | 1.68–2.94 | <0.001 | 2.17 | 1.63–2.89 | <0.001 |
Sub-Saharan Africa | 21 | 292 | 1.86 | 1.20–2.87 | 0.005 | 1.63 | 1.05–2.54 | 0.029 |
Other | 8 | 212 | 1.30 | 0.65–2.60 | 0.463 | 1.28 | 0.64–2.57 | 0.489 |
Place of residence | ||||||||
>50,000 inhabitants | 723 | 357 | 1.17 | 1.05–1.30 | 0.004 | 1.14 | 1.02–1.27 | 0.019 |
5000–50,000 inhabitants | 695 | 312 | 1.20 | 1.08–1.34 | 0.001 | 1.16 | 1.04–1.29 | 0.007 |
<5000 inhabitants | 662 | 303 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Income level | ||||||||
Very low | 102 | 365 | 2.04 | 1.66–2.52 | <0.001 | 1.27 | 1.02–1.58 | 0.034 |
Low | 1288 | 363 | 1.28 | 1.16–1.41 | <0.001 | 1.05 | 0.95–1.16 | 0.372 |
Middle | 677 | 264 | 1 | 1 | ||||
High | 13 | 283 | 1.08 | 0.62–1.86 | 0.796 | 1.11 | 0.64–1.92 | 0.715 |
Smoking status | ||||||||
Never smoker | 191 | 233 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Current smoker | 611 | 578 | 0.54 | 0.45–0.64 | <0.001 | 0.54 | 0.46–0.65 | <0.001 |
Former smoker | 181 | 753 | 1.05 | 0.89–1.24 | 0.580 | 1.02 | 0.86–1.21 | 0.798 |
Unknown | 1097 | 254 | 0.86 | 0.77–0.96 | 0.006 | 0.84 | 0.76–0.94 | 0.002 |
Hospitalization in prior year | 243 | 725 | 1.52 | 1.33–1.74 | <0.001 | 1.28 | 1.11–1.47 | 0.001 |
Immunodeficiency | 36 | 742 | 2.04 | 1.47–2.84 | <0.001 | 1.67 | 1.20–2.32 | 0.003 |
Diabetes | 408 | 1076 | 1.61 | 1.43–1.80 | <0.001 | 1.33 | 1.18–1.49 | <0.001 |
Cardiovascular disease | 411 | 784 | 1.33 | 1.19–1.50 | <0.001 | 1.18 | 1.05–1.33 | 0.007 |
COPD | 195 | 705 | 1.29 | 1.11–1.50 | 0.001 | 1.30 | 1.11–1.51 | 0.001 |
Asthma | 147 | 349 | 1.29 | 1.09–1.53 | 0.003 | 1.27 | 1.07–1.50 | 0.006 |
Chronic kidney disease | 275 | 1426 | 1.65 | 1.43–1.89 | <0.001 | 1.41 | 1.23–1.63 | <0.001 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 135 | 1398 | 1.58 | 1.32–1.89 | <0.001 | 1.27 | 1.06–1.52 | 0.011 |
Liver cirrhosis | 105 | 871 | 1.66 | 1.36–2.02 | <0.001 | 1.42 | 1.17–1.74 | 0.001 |
Dementia | 108 | 2172 | 1.89 | 1.54–2.32 | <0.001 | 1.28 | 1.02–1.59 | 0.032 |
Hematological malignancy | 24 | 889 | 1.40 | 0.94–2.10 | 0.099 | 1.38 | 0.92–2.06 | 0.119 |
Non-hematological cancer | 255 | 656 | 0.97 | 0.85–1.11 | 0.651 | 0.96 | 0.84–1.11 | 0.605 |
Severe obesity | 79 | 944 | 2.20 | 1.75–2.75 | <0.001 | 1.79 | 1.42–2.25 | <0.001 |
Hypertension | 840 | 863 | 1.27 | 1.15–1.41 | <0.001 | 1.11 | 1.01–1.25 | 0.040 |
Functional dependence | 116 | 2532 | 2.28 | 1.87–2.79 | <0.001 | 1.54 | 1.24–1.91 | <0.001 |
Intensive Care Unit Admissions | Sex- and Age-Adjusted Analysis | Fully Adjusted Analysis * | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Cases per 100,000 | RR | 95% CI | p Value | RR | 95% CI | p Value | |
Total | 246 | 38 | ||||||
Sex | ||||||||
Female | 92 | 28 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Male | 154 | 48 | 1.79 | 1.38–2.31 | <0.001 | 2.02 | 1.53–2.66 | <0.001 |
Age, years | ||||||||
0–14 | 1 | 1 | 0.02 | 0.00–0.11 | <0.001 | 0.02 | 0–0.14 | <0.001 |
15–29 | 2 | 2 | 0.03 | 0.01–0.13 | <0.001 | 0.03 | 0.01–0.11 | <0.001 |
30–49 | 30 | 16 | 0.26 | 0.17–0.40 | <0.001 | 0.23 | 0.15–0.37 | <0.001 |
50–59 | 59 | 63 | 1 | 1 | ||||
60–69 | 72 | 101 | 1.62 | 1.15–2.29 | 0.006 | 1.73 | 1.21–2.46 | 0.003 |
70–79 | 68 | 127 | 2.07 | 1.46–2.93 | <0.001 | 2.21 | 1.49–3.29 | <0.001 |
80+ | 14 | 37 | 0.64 | 0.36–1.15 | 0.139 | 0.72 | 0.37–1.38 | 0.320 |
Nursing home resident | 4 | 81 | 1.47 | 0.54–4.01 | 0.455 | 2.07 | 0.75–5.74 | 0.161 |
Healthcare worker | 4 | 36 | 1.10 | 0.41–2.99 | 0.850 | 1.55 | 0.56–4.23 | 0.397 |
Place of birth | ||||||||
Spain | 175 | 32 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Europe | 7 | 27 | 1.31 | 0.61–2.80 | 0.491 | 1.24 | 0.57–2.67 | 0.588 |
Latin America | 55 | 107 | 6.73 | 4.88–9.30 | <0.001 | 6.15 | 4.34–8.72 | <0.001 |
North Africa | 7 | 44 | 2.84 | 1.32–6.10 | 0.008 | 2.88 | 1.30–6.36 | 0.009 |
Sub-Saharan Africa | 2 | 28 | 1.67 | 0.41–6.80 | 0.472 | 1.38 | 0.34–5.70 | 0.654 |
Other | 0 | 0 | NE | NE | ||||
Place of residence | ||||||||
>50,000 inhabitants | 84 | 41 | 1.55 | 1.11–2.17 | 0.010 | 1.39 | 0.99–1.95 | 0.061 |
5000–50,000 inhabitants | 104 | 47 | 1.97 | 1.43–2.71 | <0.001 | 1.80 | 1.30–2.50 | <0.001 |
<5000 inhabitants | 58 | 27 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Income level | ||||||||
Very low | 17 | 61 | 2.79 | 1.66–4.70 | <0.001 | 1.49 | 0.85–2.61 | 0.162 |
Low | 131 | 37 | 1.21 | 0.93–1.59 | 0.158 | 0.96 | 0.72–1.27 | 0.755 |
Middle | 96 | 37 | 1 | 1 | ||||
High | 2 | 44 | 1.08 | 0.27–4.38 | 0.917 | 1.15 | 0.28–4.67 | 0.846 |
Smoking status | ||||||||
Never smoker | 30 | 37 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Current smoker | 67 | 63 | 0.50 | 0.32–0.77 | 0.002 | 0.57 | 0.36–0.89 | 0.014 |
Former smoker | 27 | 112 | 0.97 | 0.62–1.53 | 0.895 | 1.01 | 0.64–1.60 | 0.961 |
Unknown | 122 | 28 | 0.72 | 0.52–0.98 | 0.037 | 0.77 | 0.56–1.05 | 0.099 |
Hospitalization in prior year | 16 | 48 | 0.89 | 0.54–1.49 | 0.662 | 0.84 | 0.50–1.41 | 0.516 |
Immunodeficiency | 5 | 103 | 1.93 | 0.80–4.69 | 0.145 | 1.66 | 0.68–4.06 | 0.267 |
Diabetes | 46 | 121 | 1.56 | 1.11–2.17 | 0.009 | 1.21 | 0.86–1.72 | 0.276 |
Cardiovascular disease | 33 | 63 | 1.00 | 0.69–1.47 | 0.988 | 0.90 | 0.61–1.33 | 0.595 |
COPD | 22 | 80 | 1.14 | 0.73–1.78 | 0.559 | 1.22 | 0.78–1.92 | 0.386 |
Asthma | 23 | 55 | 1.94 | 1.26–2.99 | 0.003 | 1.84 | 1.19–2.83 | 0.006 |
Chronic kidney disease | 22 | 114 | 1.70 | 1.07–2.68 | 0.025 | 1.49 | 0.94–2.39 | 0.093 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 7 | 73 | 0.89 | 0.42–1.91 | 0.774 | 0.85 | 0.40–1.83 | 0.679 |
Liver cirrhosis | 16 | 133 | 1.72 | 1.03–2.86 | 0.037 | 1.43 | 0.85–2.39 | 0.173 |
Dementia | 0 | 0 | NE | NE | ||||
Hematological malignancy | 1 | 37 | 0.52 | 0.07–3.72 | 0.516 | 0.55 | 0.08–3.91 | 0.548 |
Non-hematological cancer | 29 | 75 | 0.87 | 0.59–1.30 | 0.506 | 0.92 | 0.61–1.37 | 0.673 |
Severe obesity | 16 | 191 | 3.69 | 2.22–6.13 | <0.001 | 3.05 | 1.81–5.14 | <0.001 |
Hypertension | 100 | 103 | 1.53 | 1.15–2.03 | 0.003 | 1.36 | 1.01–1.83 | 0.041 |
Functional dependence | 1 | 22 | 0.42 | 0.06–3.05 | 0.392 | 0.52 | 0.07–3.81 | 0.520 |
Deaths | Sex- and Age-Adjusted Analysis | Fully Adjusted Analysis * | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Cases per 100,000 | RR | 95% CI | p Value | RR | 95% CI | p Value | |
Total | 466 | 72 | ||||||
Sex | ||||||||
Female | 240 | 74 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Male | 226 | 71 | 1.42 | 1.19–1.71 | <0.001 | 1.61 | 1.31–1.97 | <0.001 |
Age, years | ||||||||
0–29 | 0 | 0 | NE | NE | ||||
30-49 | 2 | 1 | 0.06 | 0.01-0.28 | <0.001 | 0.06 | 0.01-0.27 | <0.001 |
50-59 | 16 | 17 | 1 | 1 | ||||
60–69 | 32 | 45 | 2.65 | 1.45–4.83 | 0.002 | 2.44 | 1.33–4.48 | 0.004 |
70–79 | 72 | 135 | 8.00 | 4.65–13.75 | <0.001 | 5.88 | 3.34–10.34 | <0.001 |
80+ | 344 | 920 | 56.53 | 34.22–93.37 | <0.001 | 24.43 | 14.12–42.29 | <0.001 |
Nursing home resident | 112 | 2275 | 5.30 | 4.25–6.62 | <0.001 | 4.19 | 3.28–5.36 | <0.001 |
Healthcare worker | 0 | 0 | NE | NE | ||||
Place of birth | ||||||||
Spain | 444 | 82 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Europe | 1 | 4 | 0.25 | 0.04–1.80 | 0.169 | 0.23 | 0.03–1.67 | 0.148 |
Latin America | 16 | 31 | 2.64 | 1.59–4.40 | <0.001 | 2.57 | 1.52–4.36 | 0.001 |
North Africa | 3 | 19 | 1.96 | 0.63–6.14 | 0.247 | 2.03 | 0.64–6.43 | 0.230 |
Sub-Saharan Africa | 2 | 28 | 3.96 | 0.97–16.09 | 0.055 | 3.41 | 0.82–14.08 | 0.090 |
Other | 0 | 0 | NE | NE | ||||
Place of residence | ||||||||
>50,000 inhabitants | 147 | 72 | 0.87 | 0.70–1.08 | 0.203 | 1.00 | 0.80–1.25 | 0.988 |
5000–50,000 inhabitants | 135 | 61 | 1.06 | 0.85–1.32 | 0.611 | 1.07 | 0.86–1.34 | 0.537 |
<5000 inhabitants | 184 | 84 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Income level | ||||||||
Very low | 18 | 64 | 3.52 | 2.12–5.86 | <0.001 | 1.95 | 1.15–3.32 | 0.013 |
Low | 352 | 99 | 1.66 | 1.31–2.10 | <0.001 | 1.35 | 1.06–1.72 | 0.016 |
Middle | 95 | 37 | 1 | 1 | ||||
High | 1 | 22 | 0.65 | 0.09–4.68 | 0.671 | 0.67 | 0.09–4.79 | 0.687 |
Smoking status | ||||||||
Never smoker | 29 | 35 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Current smoker | 200 | 189 | 0.77 | 0.51–1.15 | 0.202 | 0.67 | 0.44–1.01 | 0.058 |
Former smoker | 47 | 195 | 1.08 | 0.78–1.51 | 0.643 | 1.03 | 0.74–1.44 | 0.852 |
Unknown | 190 | 44 | 0.97 | 0.79–1.18 | 0.741 | 0.80 | 0.65–0.99 | 0.039 |
Hospitalization in prior year | 88 | 262 | 1.72 | 1.36–2.17 | <0.001 | 1.30 | 1.02–1.65 | 0.034 |
Immunodeficiency | 8 | 165 | 2.74 | 1.36–5.52 | 0.005 | 2.22 | 1.10–4.48 | 0.027 |
Diabetes | 143 | 377 | 1.58 | 1.29–1.92 | <0.001 | 1.29 | 1.05–1.58 | 0.014 |
Cardiovascular disease | 172 | 328 | 1.52 | 1.25–1.84 | <0.001 | 1.33 | 1.09–1.63 | 0.004 |
COPD | 69 | 249 | 1.58 | 1.22–2.05 | 0.001 | 1.47 | 1.12–1.91 | 0.005 |
Asthma | 28 | 67 | 1.05 | 0.72–1.54 | 0.796 | 1.03 | 0.70–1.51 | 0.886 |
Chronic kidney disease | 134 | 695 | 1.73 | 1.41–1.13 | <0.001 | 1.48 | 1.20–1.83 | <0.001 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 56 | 580 | 1.45 | 1.09–1.92 | 0.010 | 1.04 | 0.78–1.38 | 0.803 |
Liver cirrhosis | 22 | 183 | 1.52 | 0.99–2.34 | 0.056 | 1.37 | 0.89–2.11 | 0.156 |
Dementia | 83 | 1669 | 2.89 | 2.26–3.69 | <0.001 | 1.56 | 1.19–2.04 | 0.002 |
Hematological malignancy | 9 | 333 | 1.54 | 0.80–2.98 | 0.201 | 1.59 | 0.82–3.09 | 0.167 |
Non-hematological cancer | 64 | 165 | 0.72 | 0.55–0.93 | 0.014 | 0.72 | 0.55–0.94 | 0.014 |
Severe obesity | 10 | 119 | 1.24 | 0.66–2.33 | 0.497 | 0.88 | 0.47–1.66 | 0.701 |
Hypertension | 314 | 322 | 1.36 | 1.11–1.66 | 0.003 | 1.23 | 1.00–1.51 | 0.055 |
Functional dependence | 95 | 2073 | 3.77 | 2.98–4.76 | <0.001 | 2.24 | 1.72–2.90 | <0.001 |
COVID-19 Hospitalization | Intensive Care Unit Admission by COVID-19 | Death from COVID-19 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Categories | n | % | Events per 100,000 | n | % | Events per 100,000 | n | % | Events per 100,000 |
Nursing home resident | 162 | 7.8 | 3290 | 4 | 1.6 | 81 | 112 | 24.0 | 2275 |
Functional dependent | 86 | 4.1 | 2288 | 1 | 0.4 | 27 | 55 | 11.8 | 1463 |
≥80 years | |||||||||
Chronic conditions | 323 | 15.5 | 1411 | 11 | 4.5 | 48 | 171 | 36.7 | 747 |
No chronic conditions | 69 | 3.3 | 789 | 3 | 1.2 | 34 | 30 | 6.4 | 343 |
70–79 years | |||||||||
Chronic conditions | 232 | 11.2 | 741 | 46 | 18.7 | 147 | 46 | 9.9 | 147 |
No chronic conditions | 93 | 4.5 | 449 | 21 | 8.5 | 101 | 11 | 2.4 | 53 |
60–69 years | |||||||||
Chronic conditions | 184 | 8.8 | 583 | 39 | 15.9 | 123 | 21 | 4.5 | 66 |
No chronic conditions | 152 | 7.3 | 391 | 31 | 12.6 | 80 | 7 | 1.5 | 18 |
50–59 years | |||||||||
Chronic conditions | 144 | 6.9 | 517 | 27 | 11.0 | 97 | 7 | 1.5 | 25 |
No chronic conditions | 204 | 9.8 | 312 | 31 | 12.6 | 47 | 4 | 0.9 | 6 |
0–49 years | |||||||||
Chronic conditions | 106 | 5.1 | 162 | 17 | 6.9 | 26 | 1 | 0.2 | 2 |
No chronic conditions | 325 | 15.6 | 101 | 15 | 6.1 | 5 | 1 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
Total | 2080 | 100.0 | 323 | 246 | 100.0 | 38 | 466 | 100.0 | 72 |
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Castilla, J.; Guevara, M.; Miqueleiz, A.; Baigorria, F.; Ibero-Esparza, C.; Navascués, A.; Trobajo-Sanmartín, C.; Martínez-Baz, I.; Casado, I.; Burgui, C.; et al. Risk Factors of Infection, Hospitalization and Death from SARS-CoV-2: A Population-Based Cohort Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2608. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10122608
Castilla J, Guevara M, Miqueleiz A, Baigorria F, Ibero-Esparza C, Navascués A, Trobajo-Sanmartín C, Martínez-Baz I, Casado I, Burgui C, et al. Risk Factors of Infection, Hospitalization and Death from SARS-CoV-2: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(12):2608. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10122608
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastilla, Jesús, Marcela Guevara, Ana Miqueleiz, Fernando Baigorria, Carlos Ibero-Esparza, Ana Navascués, Camino Trobajo-Sanmartín, Iván Martínez-Baz, Itziar Casado, Cristina Burgui, and et al. 2021. "Risk Factors of Infection, Hospitalization and Death from SARS-CoV-2: A Population-Based Cohort Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 12: 2608. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10122608
APA StyleCastilla, J., Guevara, M., Miqueleiz, A., Baigorria, F., Ibero-Esparza, C., Navascués, A., Trobajo-Sanmartín, C., Martínez-Baz, I., Casado, I., Burgui, C., Ezpeleta, C., & The Working Group for the Study of COVID-19 in Navarra. (2021). Risk Factors of Infection, Hospitalization and Death from SARS-CoV-2: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(12), 2608. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10122608