Bactericide Activity of Cellulose Acetate/Silver Nanoparticles Asymmetric Membranes: Surfaces and Porous Structures Role
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials and Chemicals
2.2. Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
2.3. Membranes Preparation
2.4. Permeation Experiments
2.4.1. Pure Water Permeation Experiments
2.4.2. Molecular Weight Cut-Off Experiments
2.5. X-ray Diffraction Analysis
2.6. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
2.7. Membranes Bactericide Properties
2.7.1. Surface Test
2.7.2. Suspension Test
2.7.3. Cell Death Test
2.7.4. Growth Inhibition of Bacteria in the Water
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Membrane Synthesis and Permeation Experiments
3.2. XRD Results
3.3. XPS Results
3.3.1. Silver Nanoparticles Dispersion
3.3.2. CA and CA/Ag Membranes
3.4. Membranes Bactericide Properties
3.4.1. Surface Test
3.4.2. Suspension Test
3.4.3. Cell Death Test
3.4.4. Growth Inhibition of Bacteria in the Water
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Casting Solution (wt%) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Membrane | CA22 | CA22Ag0.1 | CA22Ag0.4 | CA30 | CA30Ag0.1 | CA30Ag0.4 | CA34 | CA34Ag0.1 | CA34Ag0.4 |
Cellulose acetate | 17.0 | 16.4 | 15.3 | 17.0 | 16.4 | 15.3 | 17.0 | 16.4 | 15.3 |
Formamide | 22.0 | 21.2 | 19.8 | 30.0 | 29.0 | 27.0 | 34.0 | 32.8 | 30.6 |
Acetone | 61.0 | 58.9 | 54.9 | 53.0 | 51.1 | 47.7 | 49.0 | 47.3 | 44.1 |
AgNPs | |||||||||
Dispersion | - | 3.32 | 9.59 | - | 3.32 | 9.59 | - | 3.32 | 9.59 |
Silver | - | 0.14 | 0.41 | - | 0.14 | 0.42 | - | 0.14 | 0.41 |
Casting Conditions | |||||||||
Temperature of solution (°C) | 20–25 | ||||||||
Temperature of atmosphere (°C) | 20–25 | ||||||||
Solvent evaporation time (min) | 0.5 | ||||||||
Gelation medium | Water at temperature of 0–3 °C during 1–2 h |
Membrane | Jp (kg m−2 h−1) | Lp (kg m−2 h−1 bar−1) | MWCO (kDa) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 bar | 2 bar | 3 bar | |||
CA22 | 2.62 | 6.62 | 11.03 | 3.50 | 4.17 |
CA22Ag0.1 | 5.31 | 13.90 | 21.87 | 7.05 | 6.86 |
CA22Ag0.4 | 9.75 | 22.40 | 33.89 | 11.16 | 15.35 |
CA30 | 24.43 | 62.73 | 99.59 | 32.05 | 8.32 |
CA30Ag0.1 | 55.06 | 136.59 | 202.57 | 66.85 | 17.58 |
CA30Ag0.4 | 58.28 | 123.51 | 176.93 | 59.72 | 26.52 |
CA34 | 68.55 | 176.68 | 236.81 | 80.88 | 31.43 |
CA34Ag0.1 | 76.44 | 187.99 | 243.42 | 84.48 | 41.05 |
CA34Ag0.4 | 62.60 | 123.17 | 172.80 | 59.10 | 31.96 |
Phase Name: | Silver | Scale: | 0.0007801(63) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R-Bragg: | 2.028 | Cell Mass: | 431.470 | ||||
Space Group: | Fm-3m | Cell Volume (Å3): | 68.258(19) | ||||
Wt%—Rietveld: | 77.0(12) | ||||||
Crystallite Size | |||||||
Cryst. Size Lorentzian (nm): | 22.26(28) | ||||||
Cryst. Linear Absorp. Coeff. (1/cm): | 2247.09(61) | ||||||
Crystal Density (g/cm3): | 10.4965(29) | ||||||
Preferred Orientation (Dir 1: 1 1 1): | 0.7610(77) | ||||||
Lattice parameters | |||||||
a (≈): | 4.08681(37) | ||||||
Site | NP | X | Y | Z | Atom | Occ. | Beq |
Ag | 4 | 0.00000 | 0.00000 | 0.00000 | Ag | 1 | 0 |
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Figueiredo, A.S.; Ferraria, A.M.; Botelho do Rego, A.M.; Monteiro, S.; Santos, R.; Minhalma, M.; Sánchez-Loredo, M.G.; Tovar-Tovar, R.L.; de Pinho, M.N. Bactericide Activity of Cellulose Acetate/Silver Nanoparticles Asymmetric Membranes: Surfaces and Porous Structures Role. Membranes 2023, 13, 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010004
Figueiredo AS, Ferraria AM, Botelho do Rego AM, Monteiro S, Santos R, Minhalma M, Sánchez-Loredo MG, Tovar-Tovar RL, de Pinho MN. Bactericide Activity of Cellulose Acetate/Silver Nanoparticles Asymmetric Membranes: Surfaces and Porous Structures Role. Membranes. 2023; 13(1):4. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010004
Chicago/Turabian StyleFigueiredo, Ana Sofia, Ana Maria Ferraria, Ana Maria Botelho do Rego, Silvia Monteiro, Ricardo Santos, Miguel Minhalma, María Guadalupe Sánchez-Loredo, Rosa Lina Tovar-Tovar, and Maria Norberta de Pinho. 2023. "Bactericide Activity of Cellulose Acetate/Silver Nanoparticles Asymmetric Membranes: Surfaces and Porous Structures Role" Membranes 13, no. 1: 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010004