Studies on Anion Exchange Membrane and Interface Properties by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: The Role of pH
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals and Electrolyte
2.2. Membrane Samples
2.3. Characterization of Membrane Samples by FT-IR and XPS
2.4. Ion Exchange Capacity, Membrane Swelling, and Fixed Charge Density
2.5. Zeta Potential Measurements
2.6. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Physico-Chemical/Surface Characterization of Anion Exchange Membranes
3.2. Ion Exchange Capacity, Swelling Degree, and Fixed Charge Density of the Membranes
3.3. Effect of Solution pH on Zeta Potential of Anion Exchange Membranes
3.4. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)
3.4.1. Influence of Solution pH on Membrane Resistance
3.4.2. Influence of Solution pH on Interface Resistances and Capacitance
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Nomenclature
A | membrane surface area (cm2) |
Ceff | effective capacitance (F) |
Cfix | fixed charge density (mol/L) |
Rm | membrane resistance (Ω) |
RA | area resistance (Ωcm2) |
sw | swelling degree (%) |
∆ES | electrical potential difference (mV) |
Greek letters | |
ζ | zeta potential (mV) |
Abbreviations
A.C. | atomic composition (%) |
AEM | anion exchange membrane |
CEM | cation exchange membrane |
CPE | constant phase element |
DBL | diffusion boundary layer |
ED | electrodialysis |
EDL | electrical double layer |
EIS | electrochemical impedance spectroscopy |
IEC | ion exchange capacity |
IEM | ion exchange membrane |
FT-IR | fourier transform infrared spectroscopy |
RED | reverse electrodialysis |
TSP | tangential streaming potential |
XPS | X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
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Membrane | Atomic Composition Percentage, (A.C.%) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Total Nitrogen in Membranes (N1s) | Nitrogen in Quarternary Ammonium Groups (-NR3+) | Nitrogen in Tertiary Amino Groups (-NR2H+) | |
AEM-Type I | 8.9 | 2.3 | 5.4 |
AEM-Type II | 9.3 | 2.1 | 6.2 |
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Zhang, W.; Cheng, W.; Tufa, R.A.; Liu, C.; Aili, D.; Chanda, D.; Chang, J.; Wang, S.; Zhang, Y.; Ma, J. Studies on Anion Exchange Membrane and Interface Properties by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: The Role of pH. Membranes 2021, 11, 771. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11100771
Zhang W, Cheng W, Tufa RA, Liu C, Aili D, Chanda D, Chang J, Wang S, Zhang Y, Ma J. Studies on Anion Exchange Membrane and Interface Properties by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: The Role of pH. Membranes. 2021; 11(10):771. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11100771
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Wenjuan, Wei Cheng, Ramato Ashu Tufa, Caihong Liu, David Aili, Debabrata Chanda, Jing Chang, Shaopo Wang, Yufeng Zhang, and Jun Ma. 2021. "Studies on Anion Exchange Membrane and Interface Properties by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: The Role of pH" Membranes 11, no. 10: 771. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11100771