BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Parents of 4023 Young Adolescents (12–15 Years) in Qatar
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.2. Vaccination Campaign in Qatar
- Phase 1 (from 23 December 2020 to 31 March 2021) encompassed people who are aged 70 years and above, long-term care and home care patients, people with severe or multiple conditions including age group from 16 years and older, key personnel and first responders including health care providers, ambulance teams, Ministry of Interior, Ministry of Defence, oil and gas sector, Hamad International Airport and Qatar Airways, and 50% of teachers.
- Phase 2 (from 1 April to 30 June 2021) encompassed people aged 40 years and above, those with moderate health conditions, workers in industries including food, housekeeping, hairdressing and transportation, all remaining teachers, all health care personnel not included in the first stage, people in group accommodation facilities for persons with physical disabilities or psychological problems or in the recovery phase and persons in detention facilities. Throughout phase 2, young adolescents aged 12–15 years old were added on 12 May 2021, two days following the U.S.A. FDA approval and authorization of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19. Adolescents aged 16–17 who were not vaccinated in phases 1 and 2 were included as well.
- Phase 3 (from 1 June to 31 July 2021) included workers in industries essential to the functioning of society who are at increased risk of disease and eligible people who were not included in the first and second phases.
- Phase 4 (from 1 August to 31 October 2021) intends to include all the residents of Qatar aged 12 years and more, who did not receive the vaccine in the previous stages.
2.3. Sample Size
2.4. Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy
2.5. Data Collection
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Parents and Young Adolescents’ Characteristics
3.2. Influencing Factors of Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy Rates
- (i).
- The 12 years group compared to the 13- and 15-years groups,
- (ii).
- North-African nationalities compared to Asiatic nationalities,
- (iii).
- Gulf Countries nationalities compared to the four remaining groups of nationalities,
- (iv).
- Young adolescents with the chronic disease compared to those free from chronic disease, and in
- (v).
- Young adolescents having been previously COVID-19 infected as compared to their COVID-19 negative-history counterparts.
3.3. Reasons for Parental VH
3.4. Vaccine Acceptance among Previously Vaccine Hesitant Parents
4. Discussion
4.1. VH amongst Parents of Young Adolescents According to Age Groups and Sex
4.2. VH amongst Parents of Young Adolescents According to Nationalities
4.3. VH amongst Parents of Young Adolescents Living with a Chronic Disease
4.4. VH amongst Parents of Young Adolescents Previously Infected by COVID-19
5. Hesitancy Reasons of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine amongst Parents of Young Adolescents
6. Vaccine Acceptance among Previously Hesitant Parents
7. Extension
8. Strengths and Limitations
9. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Ethics and Consent
References
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Characteristics | Total n = 4023 (100%) | Vaccine Booking Status | Multivariate Analysis (Binary Logistic Regression) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acceptance n = 3303 (82.10%) | Hesitancy n = 720 (17.90%) | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | ||
Adolescents’ Age Groups | ||||||
12 years | 1100 (27.34) | 78.36 | 21.64 | 1.38 | 1.12–1.70 | 0.002 |
13 years | 1100 (27.34) | 84.00 a | 16.00 | 1.04 | 0.85–1.28 | 0.718 |
14 years | 959 (23.84) | 81.75 | 18.25 | 1.14 | 0.92–1.41 | 0.231 |
15 years | 864 (21.48) | 84.84 b | 15.16 | REF | ||
Chi-2 test: p-value | 0.0001 * | |||||
Sex | ||||||
Boys | 1983 (49.29) | 82.25 | 17.75 | 0.98 | 0.85–1.13 | 0.775 |
Girls | 2040 (50.71) | 81.96 | 18.04 | REF | ||
Chi-2 test: p-value | 0.8104 | |||||
Nationalities | ||||||
Asiatic | 2552 (63.44) | 84.80 | 15.20 | 0.38 | 0.29–0.50 | 0.000 |
North-African | 844 (20.98) | 79.62 a | 20.38 | 0.48 | 0.36–0.65 | 0.000 |
African | 199 (4.95) | 82.91 | 17.09 | 0.41 | 0.27–0.62 | 0.000 |
E & A & O | 113 (2.81) | 86.73 | 13.27 | 0.34 | 0.21–0.56 | 0.000 |
GC (97% Qatari) | 315 (7.83) | 64.76 b–e | 35.24 | REF | ||
Chi-2 test: p-value | 0.0001 * | |||||
Chronic Disease | ||||||
Yes | 503 (12.50) | 78.73 | 21.27 | 1.13 | 0.91–1.40 | 0.290 |
No | 3520 (87.50) | 82.59 | 17.41 | REF | ||
Chi-2 test: p-value | 0.0346 * | |||||
COVID-19+ve | ||||||
Yes | 253 (6.29) | 75.89 | 24.11 | 1.37 | 1.02–1.84 | 0.036 |
No | 3770 (93.71) | 82.52 | 17.48 | REF | ||
Chi-2 test: p-value | 0.0077 * |
Characteristics | Wait and See n = 509 (70.69%) | Definitely Refusal n = 187 (25.97%) | Currently Sick/COVID-19+ve n = 24 (3.34%) |
---|---|---|---|
Adolescents’ Age Groups | |||
12 years (n = 238) | 176 (73.95) | 59 (24.79) | 3 (1.26) |
13 years (n = 176) | 117 (66.48) | 50 (28.41) | 9 (5.11) |
14 years (n = 175) | 129 (73.71) | 40 (22.86) | 6 (3.43) |
15 years (n = 131) | 87 (66.41) | 38 (29.01) | 6 (4.58) |
Chi-2 test: p-value | 0.21 | ||
Sex | |||
Boys (n = 352) | 248 (70.45) | 89 (25.28) | 15 (4.27) |
Girls (n = 368) | 261 (70.92) | 98 (26.63) | 9 (2.45) |
Chi-2 test: p-value | 0.38 | ||
Nationalities | |||
Asiatic (n = 388) | 287 (73.97) | 91 (23.45) | 10 (2.58) |
North-African (n = 172) | 115 (66.86) | 52 (30.23) | 5 (2.91) |
African (n = 34) | 24 (70.59) | 8 (23.53) | 2 (5.88) |
E & A & O (n = 15) | 10 (66.67) | 5 (33.33) | 0 (0.00) |
GC (n = 111; 91% Qatari) | 73 (65.77) | 31 (27.93) | 7 (6.30) |
Chi-2 test: p-value | 0.34 | ||
Chronic Disease | |||
Yes (n = 107) | 61 (57.01) | 33 (30.84) | 13 (12.15) |
No (n = 613) | 448 (73.08) | 154 (25.12) | 11 (1.80) |
Chi-2 test: p-value | 0.03 *,a,b | ||
COVID-19+ve | |||
Yes (n = 61) | 39 (63.93) | 6 (9.84) | 16 (26.23) |
No (n = 659) | 470 (71.32) | 181 (27.47) | 8 (1.21) |
Chi-2 test: p-value | 0.02 *,a,b |
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Musa, S.; Dergaa, I.; Abdulmalik, M.A.; Ammar, A.; Chamari, K.; Saad, H.B. BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Parents of 4023 Young Adolescents (12–15 Years) in Qatar. Vaccines 2021, 9, 981. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9090981
Musa S, Dergaa I, Abdulmalik MA, Ammar A, Chamari K, Saad HB. BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Parents of 4023 Young Adolescents (12–15 Years) in Qatar. Vaccines. 2021; 9(9):981. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9090981
Chicago/Turabian StyleMusa, Sarah, Ismail Dergaa, Mariam Ali Abdulmalik, Achraf Ammar, Karim Chamari, and Helmi Ben Saad. 2021. "BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Parents of 4023 Young Adolescents (12–15 Years) in Qatar" Vaccines 9, no. 9: 981. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9090981
APA StyleMusa, S., Dergaa, I., Abdulmalik, M. A., Ammar, A., Chamari, K., & Saad, H. B. (2021). BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Parents of 4023 Young Adolescents (12–15 Years) in Qatar. Vaccines, 9(9), 981. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9090981