Comparing the Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Adjuvanted versus High-Dose Trivalent Influenza Vaccine among Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years in the US during the 2019–20 Influenza Season—A Retrospective Cohort Analysis

Levin, Myron J.; Divino, Victoria; Shah, Drishti; DeKoven, Mitch; Mould-Quevedo, Joaquin; Pelton, Stephen I.; Postma, Maarten J.

doi:10.3390/vaccines9101146

Open AccessArticle

Comparing the Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Adjuvanted versus High-Dose Trivalent Influenza Vaccine among Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years in the US during the 2019–20 Influenza Season—A Retrospective Cohort Analysis

by

Myron J. Levin

¹,

Victoria Divino

^2,*,

Drishti Shah

²

,

Mitch DeKoven

²,

Joaquin Mould-Quevedo

³,

Stephen I. Pelton

^4,5 and

Maarten J. Postma

^6,7,8

¹

Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA

²

Real World Solutions, IQVIA, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA

³

Global Pricing & Health Economics, Seqirus USA Inc., Summit, NJ 07901, USA

⁴

Department of Pediatrics, Boston University Schools of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA

⁵

Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Maxwell Finland Laboratory, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA

⁶

Department of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology & Economics (PTE2), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands

⁷

Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands

⁸

Department of Economics, Econometrics & Finance, Faculty of Economics & Business, University of Groningen, 9749 AE Groningen, The Netherlands

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Vaccines 2021, 9(10), 1146; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101146

Submission received: 20 August 2021 / Revised: 29 September 2021 / Accepted: 29 September 2021 / Published: 8 October 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Economics of Vaccines 2.0)

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Abstract

The burden of influenza is disproportionally higher among older adults. We evaluated the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of adjuvanted trivalent (aIIV3) compared to high-dose trivalent influenza vaccine (HD-IIV3e) against influenza and cardio-respiratory disease (CRD)-related hospitalizations/ER visits among adults ≥65 years during the 2019–2020 influenza season. Economic outcomes were also compared. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using prescription, professional fee claims, and hospital data. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to adjust for confounding. IPTW-adjusted Poisson regression was used to evaluate the adjusted rVE of aIIV3 versus HD-IIV3e. All-cause and influenza-related healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs were examined post-IPTW. Recycled predictions from generalized linear models were used to estimate adjusted costs. Adjusted analysis showed that aIIV3 (n = 798,987) was similarly effective compared to HD-IIV3e (n = 1,655,979) in preventing influenza-related hospitalizations/ER visits (rVE 3.1%; 95% CI: −2.8%; 8.6%), hospitalizations due to any cause (−0.7%; 95% CI: −1.6%; 0.3%), and any CRD-related hospitalization/ER visit (0.9%; 95% CI: 0.01%; 1.7%). Adjusted HCRU and annualized costs were also statistically insignificant between the two cohorts. The adjusted clinical and economic outcomes evaluated in this study were comparable between aIIV3 and HD-IIV3e during the 2019–2020 influenza season.

Keywords: influenza; older adults; adjuvanted influenza vaccine; relative vaccine effectiveness; retrospective studies; economic outcomes

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MDPI and ACS Style

Levin, M.J.; Divino, V.; Shah, D.; DeKoven, M.; Mould-Quevedo, J.; Pelton, S.I.; Postma, M.J. Comparing the Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Adjuvanted versus High-Dose Trivalent Influenza Vaccine among Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years in the US during the 2019–20 Influenza Season—A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. Vaccines 2021, 9, 1146. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101146

AMA Style

Levin MJ, Divino V, Shah D, DeKoven M, Mould-Quevedo J, Pelton SI, Postma MJ. Comparing the Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Adjuvanted versus High-Dose Trivalent Influenza Vaccine among Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years in the US during the 2019–20 Influenza Season—A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. Vaccines. 2021; 9(10):1146. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101146

Chicago/Turabian Style

Levin, Myron J., Victoria Divino, Drishti Shah, Mitch DeKoven, Joaquin Mould-Quevedo, Stephen I. Pelton, and Maarten J. Postma. 2021. "Comparing the Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Adjuvanted versus High-Dose Trivalent Influenza Vaccine among Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years in the US during the 2019–20 Influenza Season—A Retrospective Cohort Analysis" Vaccines 9, no. 10: 1146. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101146

APA Style

Levin, M. J., Divino, V., Shah, D., DeKoven, M., Mould-Quevedo, J., Pelton, S. I., & Postma, M. J. (2021). Comparing the Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Adjuvanted versus High-Dose Trivalent Influenza Vaccine among Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years in the US during the 2019–20 Influenza Season—A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. Vaccines, 9(10), 1146. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101146

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Comparing the Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Adjuvanted versus High-Dose Trivalent Influenza Vaccine among Adults Aged ≥ 65 Years in the US during the 2019–20 Influenza Season—A Retrospective Cohort Analysis

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